Search results for "analytical"

showing 10 items of 9586 documents

Polychlorinated diphenyl ethers, dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in finnish human tissues compared to environmental samples

1995

Finnish human samples from the Helsinki area and Arctic cod samples from Vestertana Fjord (Norway) were analyzed for polychlorinated diphenyl ethers (PCDE) and 2,3,7,8-chloro substituted dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD) and dibenzofurans (PCDF). The PCDE, PCDD and PCDF contents in human and animal samples from Finland and elsewhere were briefly reviewed. PCDEs were non-detectable in human liver and testis, but some PCDE congeners were identified in human adipose tissue and fat of boiled Arctic cod liver composite. The contents of PCDEs in Finnish human samples were similar to those reported in the literature for human tissues from North America. The estimated concentrations of PCDEs 99, 147 + 153 (…

AdultMaleEnvironmental EngineeringHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisAdipose tissue010501 environmental sciencesDioxins01 natural sciencesPolychlorinated diphenyl ethersTestisLiver fatAnimalsHumansEnvironmental ChemistryFinlandBenzofurans0105 earth and related environmental sciencesPollutantHuman liverWaste managementChemistryMuscles010401 analytical chemistryFishesPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthGeneral MedicineGeneral ChemistryPolychlorinated BiphenylsPollutionDiet0104 chemical sciencesCongenerAdipose TissueLiverEnvironmental chemistryToxicityEnvironmental PollutantsChemosphere
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Urinary levels of enniatin B and its phase I metabolites: First human pilot biomonitoring study

2018

Abstract Enniatins (Enns) are mycotoxins produced by Fusarium spp. and are widely distributed contaminants of cereals and derivate products. Among the different identified enniatins, Enn B is the most relevant analogue in cereals in Europe. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate for the first time the occurrence of Enn B and Enn B phase I metabolites in 300 human urine samples throughout an ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS) methodology. Three different sample preparation procedures were evaluated and salting-out liquid-liquid extraction showed satisfactory validation results. Enn B was quantified in 83.7% of sa…

AdultMaleFusariumEnniatin B Metabolites Urine Human Biomonitoring OrbitrapPilot ProjectsUrineToxicologyOrbitrap01 natural sciencesMass Spectrometrylaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compound0404 agricultural biotechnologyUrinary levelslawDepsipeptidesBiomonitoringHumansSample preparationMycotoxinChromatography High Pressure LiquidEnniatin BChromatographybiology010401 analytical chemistryReproducibility of Results04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedbiology.organism_classification040401 food science0104 chemical sciencesItalychemistryMicrosomes LiverFemaleEnvironmental MonitoringFood Science
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Mass spectroscopic analysis of excimer laser ablated material from human corneal tissue.

1988

The clinical feasibility of photorefractive keratectomy depends on the surface structure of the ablated cornea. Two factors that influence the remodeled surface are the homogeneity of the energy distribution and the properties of the laser source (energy and wavelength). Currently, the homogeneity of the beam is difficult to control. The second factor, laser source properties, was the focus of this study. We investigated the effect of laser wavelength and energy by analyzing the reaction products of photoablation. We monitored the fragments produced by UV-laser ablation of human corneas using mass spectroscopy in the range of 0 to 100 atomic mass units. At 248 nm (KrF), average photon energ…

AdultMaleMaterials sciencemedicine.medical_treatmentPhysics::Medical PhysicsAnalytical chemistryPhotoablationPhoton energyMass spectrometryFluenceMass Spectrometrylaw.inventionCorneaOpticslawIonizationmedicineCadaverHumansAgedExcimer laserbusiness.industryAtomic mass unitMiddle AgedLaserSensory SystemsOphthalmologySurgeryFemaleLaser TherapybusinessJournal of cataract and refractive surgery
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Urinary excretion of heptanones, heptanoles and 2,5-heptanedione after controlled acute exposure of volunteers to n-heptane.

2018

A lack of well-established parameters and assessment values currently impairs biomonitoring of n-heptane exposure. Using controlled inhalation experiments, we collected information on urinary n-heptane metabolite concentrations and the time course of metabolite excretion. Relationships between external and internal exposure were analysed to investigate the suitability of selected metabolites to reflect n-heptane uptake. Twenty healthy, non-smoking males (aged 19-38 years, median 25.5) were exposed for 3 h to 167, 333 and 500 ppm n-heptane, each. Spot urine samples of the volunteers, collected before exposure and during the following 24 h, were analysed for heptane-2-one, 3-one, 4-one, 2,5-d…

AdultMaleMetaboliteUrinary systemUrine010501 environmental sciencesUrinalysisToxicology01 natural sciencesGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryHeptanesExcretionchemistry.chemical_compoundYoung AdultBiomonitoringHumansBiotransformation0105 earth and related environmental sciencesCreatinineHeptaneChromatographyInhalationEnvironmental Biomarkers010401 analytical chemistrySolid Phase ExtractionReproducibility of ResultsGeneral MedicineKetones0104 chemical sciencesRenal EliminationchemistryHeptanolEnvironmental MonitoringToxicology letters
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Scanning electron microscopic and X ray microanalysis study of the mineral deposits in pseudoxanthoma elasticum.

1977

A skin biopsy of a 37 year old man with typical lesions of pseudoxanthoma clasticum (P.E.) associated with angioid streaks (Groenblad-Strandberg Syndrom) was examined with a scanning E. M. (SEM) and a SEM provided with a X ray micro-analyser. The SEM provided with X ray microanalyser enabled us to see the correspondence between the crystalline deposits and a calcium salt. The potassium, sodium and magnesium analysis of the specimen permits us to verify that the P.E. dermis is rich in K and poor in Mg.

AdultMaleMineralScanning electron microscopeMagnesiumMicrochemistryX-RaysX-rayAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementDermatologyGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseasePseudoxanthoma elasticumX ray microanalysisAngioid streakschemistrymedicineMicroscopy Electron ScanningHumansCalciumPseudoxanthoma ElasticumSkinArchives for dermatological research = Archiv fur dermatologische Forschung
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The tomato sauce making process affects the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of tomato phenolics: A pharmacokinetic study

2013

Tomato sauce is the most commonly consumed processed tomato product worldwide, but very little is known about how the manufacturing process may affect the phenolic composition and bioavailability after consumption. In a prospective randomised, cross-over intervention study, we analysed the plasma and urinary levels of tomato phenolic compounds and their metabolites after acute consumption of raw tomatoes and tomato sauce, enriched or not with refined olive oil during production. Respectively, eleven and four phenolic metabolites were found in urine and plasma samples. The plasma concentration and urinary excretion of naringenin glucuronide were both significantly higher after the consumptio…

AdultMaleNaringeninFood HandlingBiological AvailabilityUrineAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundSolanum lycopersicumPhenolsPharmacokineticsHumansProspective StudiesPhenolsFood scienceChromatographyfungifood and beveragesGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedBioavailabilitychemistryFemaleComposition (visual arts)GlucuronideFood ScienceOlive oilFood Chemistry
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Characterization of target antigens from anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies in autoimmune hepatitis type-I.

1997

The occurrence of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) has been described in sera of patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). The significance of this finding remains uncertain and the nature of the target antigen(s) has not yet been defined. We studied 32 sera from patients with AIH type-I and prepared extracts of human neutrophils to identify the target antigen(s). A 43 kDa dominant immunoreactive protein was found and identified as the cytoskeletal component actin. Initial studies to define the antigenic determinants identified three different actin domains.

AdultMaleNeutrophilsClinical BiochemistryBlotting WesternMolecular Sequence DataFluorescent Antibody TechniqueAutoimmune hepatitisBiologyBiochemistryAnalytical ChemistryAntibodies Antineutrophil CytoplasmicAutoimmune DiseasesHepatitisEpitopesAntigenimmune system diseasesmedicineTumor Cells CulturedAnimalsHumansAmino Acid SequenceAntigensCytoskeletonAnti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodyAgedAged 80 and overMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseRatsBlotEpitope mappingCytoplasmImmunologybiology.proteinFemaleAntibodyElectrophoresis
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Quantification of Regional Intrapulmonary Oxygen Partial Pressure Evolution during Apnea by 3He MRI

1999

We present a new method to determine in vivo the temporal evolution of intrapulmonary oxygen concentrations by functional lung imaging with hyperpolarized (3)Helium ((3)He-->). Single-breath, single-bolus visualization of (3)He--> administered to the airspaces is used to analyze nuclear spin relaxation caused by the local oxygen partial pressure p(O(2))(t). We model the dynamics of hyperpolarization in the lung by rate equations. Based hereupon, a double acquisition technique is presented to separate depolarization by RF pulses and oxygen induced relaxation. It permits the determination of p(O(2)) with a high accuracy of up to 3% with simultaneous flip angle calibration using no additional …

AdultMaleNuclear and High Energy PhysicsApneaSwinePartial PressureBiophysicsAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementHyperpolarized Helium 3HeliumBiochemistryOxygenNuclear magnetic resonanceIsotopesFlip angleAnimalsHumansHyperpolarization (physics)LungPhantoms ImagingRelaxation (NMR)DepolarizationPartial pressureCondensed Matter PhysicsMagnetic Resonance ImagingOxygenchemistryLimiting oxygen concentrationJournal of Magnetic Resonance
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Mycotoxin Dietary Exposure Assessment through Fruit Juices Consumption in Children and Adult Population

2019

Consumption of fruit juice is becoming trendy for consumers seeking freshness and high vitamin and low caloric intake. Mycotoxigenic moulds may infect fruits during crop growth, harvest, and storage leading to mycotoxin production. Many mycotoxins are resistant to food processing, which make their presence in the final juice product very likely expected. In this way, the presence of 30 mycotoxins including aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), aflatoxin B2 (AFB2), aflatoxin G1 (AFG1), aflatoxin G2 (AFG2), alternariol (AOH), alternariol monomethyl ether (AME), Ochratoxin A (OTA), fumonisin B1 (FB1), fumonisin B2 (FB2), enniatin A (ENNA), enniatin A1 (ENNA1), enniatin B (ENNB), enniatin B1 (ENNB1), beauverici…

AdultMaleOchratoxin ACitrusAflatoxinLiquid Phase MicroextractionHealth Toxicology and Mutagenesislcsh:MedicineFood ContaminationBiologyToxicologyfruit juice01 natural sciencesArticleDietary ExposurePatulinGlycogen Storage Disease Type IIIchemistry.chemical_compound0404 agricultural biotechnologyTandem Mass SpectrometryHumansFood scienceChildMycotoxinFumonisin B2DLLMElcsh:R010401 analytical chemistryReproducibility of Resultsrisk assessment04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesMycotoxins040401 food scienceBeauvericin0104 chemical sciencesFruit and Vegetable JuiceschemistryMalusFemaleEnniatinSterigmatocystinToxins
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Metabolomics provide new insights on lung cancer staging and discrimination from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2014

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer are widespread lung diseases. Cigarette smoking is a high risk factor for both the diseases. COPD may increase the risk of developing lung cancer. Thus, it is crucial to be able to distinguish between these two pathological states, especially considering the early stages of lung cancer. Novel diagnostic and monitoring tools are required to properly determine lung cancer progression because this information directly impacts the type of the treatment prescribed. In this study, serum samples collected from 22 COPD and 77 lung cancer (TNM stages I, II, III, and IV) patients were analyzed. Then, a collection of NMR metabolic fingerprin…

AdultMaleOncologymedicine.medical_specialtyLung NeoplasmsMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyClinical BiochemistryPharmaceutical ScienceCreatineAnalytical ChemistryDiagnosis DifferentialPulmonary Disease Chronic Obstructivechemistry.chemical_compoundPredictive Value of TestsCarcinoma Non-Small-Cell LungInternal medicineDrug DiscoveryBiomarkers TumormedicineHumansMetabolomicsLeast-Squares AnalysisRisk factorLung cancerLungPathologicalEarly Detection of CancerSpectroscopyAgedNeoplasm StagingAged 80 and overUnivariate analysisCOPDLungChemistryDiscriminant AnalysisMiddle AgedPrognosismedicine.diseaserespiratory tract diseasesmedicine.anatomical_structureMultivariate AnalysisDisease ProgressionFemaleLung cancer stagingJournal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis
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