Search results for "ancient"

showing 10 items of 810 documents

Tracing the genetic origin of Europe’s first farmers reveals insights into their social organization

2014

Farming was established in Central Europe by the Linearbandkeramik culture (LBK), a well-investigated archaeological horizon, which emerged in the Carpathian Basin, in today's Hungary. However, the genetic background of the LBK genesis has not been revealed yet. Here we present 9 Y chromosomal and 84 mitochondrial DNA profiles from Mesolithic, Neolithic Starčevo and LBK sites (7th/6th millennium BC) from the Carpathian Basin and south-eastern Europe. We detect genetic continuity of both maternal and paternal elements during the initial spread of agriculture, and confirm the substantial genetic impact of early farming south-eastern European and Carpathian Basin cultures on Central European p…

MaleMitochondrial DNAmedia_common.quotation_subjectMolecular Sequence DataPannonian basinPopulationBiologySocial EnvironmentDNA MitochondrialGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyStone AgeHumansSocial BehavioreducationSocial organizationResearch ArticlesMesolithicGeneral Environmental Sciencemedia_commoneducation.field_of_studyGenetic diversityChromosomes Human YFarmersMiddle EastGeneral Immunology and MicrobiologyHorizon (archaeology)ancient DNA; mitochondrial DNA; Y chromosomal DNA; Neolithization; Carpathian Basin; Central Europebusiness.industryGenetic VariationAgricultureSequence Analysis DNAGeneral MedicineEmigration and ImmigrationhumanitiesEuropeAncient DNAGeographyArchaeologyAgricultureEthnologyFemaleGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesbusinessDiversity (politics)
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Genome-wide patterns of selection in 230 ancient Eurasians

2015

Mathieson, Iain et al.

MaleMultifactorial InheritanceArchaeogeneticsAsiaPopulationBiologyGenomeArticleBone and Bones03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineHumansSelection GeneticeducationHistory AncientSelection (genetic algorithm)030304 developmental biologyGenetics0303 health scienceseducation.field_of_studyMultidisciplinaryNatural selectionancient DNA; prehistory; Eurasia; natural selectionGenome HumanPigmentationImmunityAgricultureDNASequence Analysis DNA15. Life on landBody HeightDiet3. Good healthEuropeGenetics PopulationAncient DNAHaplotypesEvolutionary biologyHuman genomeAdaptation030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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The Bronze Age burials from Cova Dels Blaus (Vall d′Uixó, Castelló, Spain): An approach to palaeodietary reconstruction through dental pathology, occ…

2005

This paper reports a palaeodietary investigation of the human remains found in the collective Bronze Age burial cave from Vall d'Uixó (Castelló, Spain). Dental pathology, tooth wear as well as buccal dental microwear were analysed. Percentages of dental pathologies were compared with Chalcolithic and Bronze Age sites from the same territory. Dental caries, ante-mortem tooth loss, periodontal disease and abscess frequencies indicate a diet rich in carbohydrate foods. However, dental calculus percentages and macroscopic wear patterns suggest a diet not exclusively relying on agricultural resources. In addition, buccal dental microwear density and length by orientation recorded on micrographs …

MalePathologymedicine.medical_specialtyMeatDentistryDental CariesDental OcclusionTooth Lossstomatognathic systemCaveBronze AgeDietary CarbohydratesmedicineTooth lossHumansHistory AncientPaleodontologyOrthodonticsgeography.geographical_feature_categoryDental occlusionbusiness.industryCalculus (dental)Chalcolithicmedicine.diseaseDietstomatognathic diseasesGeographySpainTooth wearAnthropologyTooth pathologyFemalemedicine.symptomEdible GrainbusinessToothHOMO
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Late Pleistocene Human Evolution in Sicily: Comparative morphometric analysis of grotta di San Teodoro craniofacial remains.

2007

Late Pleistocene human evolution in Sicily: comparative morphometric analysis of Grotta di San Teodoro craniofacial remains. D'Amore G, Di Marco S, Tartarelli G, Bigazzi R, Sineo L. Source Laboratorio di Archeoantropologia, Soprintendenza per i Beni Archeologici della Toscana, Via dei Rossi 26/A, 50018 Scandicci, Firenze, Italy. Abstract The paleoanthropological remains from Grotta di San Teodoro near Acquedolci (province of Messina, Italy) represent the oldest and largest skeletal collection yet found documenting human settlement of Sicily. The sample, attributed to the Late Epigravettian (between 14,000 and 10,000 years B.P.), consists of seven variously complete adult individuals (San Te…

MalePleistoceneEpigravettianFossilsSkullPaleontologySettore BIO/08 - AntropologiaBiological EvolutionPrehistoryPaleontologyGeographyHuman evolutionMorphometric analysisPaleoanthropologyAnthropologyDistance analysisHumansFemaleS. TEODORO PLEISTOCENE HUMAN CRANIAL MORPHOMETRY EVOLUTION ANCIENT PEOPLING OF SICILYSicilyEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsSea level
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Tracking Five Millennia of Horse Management with Extensive Ancient Genome Time Series

2019

Summary Horse domestication revolutionized warfare and accelerated travel, trade, and the geographic expansion of languages. Here, we present the largest DNA time series for a non-human organism to date, including genome-scale data from 149 ancient animals and 129 ancient genomes (≥1-fold coverage), 87 of which are new. This extensive dataset allows us to assess the modern legacy of past equestrian civilizations. We find that two extinct horse lineages existed during early domestication, one at the far western (Iberia) and the other at the far eastern range (Siberia) of Eurasia. None of these contributed significantly to modern diversity. We show that the influence of Persian-related horse …

MaleRange (biology)BiologíaBreeding horsesBreedingGenomeDomestication0302 clinical medicinePaleobiologíaComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSHistory AncientPhylogenyhorses0303 health sciencesDiversityGenomeAncient DNAanimal breedingBiological EvolutionmuleshumanitiesManagementEuropeDomestication animalEquestrian civilizationsEthnologyFemalemanagementequestrian civilizationsExtinct lineagesAsia[SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and PrehistoryselectionMultiple allelesCaballosBiologyMulesArticleGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biologydiversity03 medical and health sciencesdomesticationCaballo de Przewalskiddc:570[SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN]AnimalsGenetic variationHorsesDNA AncientDomesticationSelectionancient DNAInstitut für Biochemie und Biologie030304 developmental biologyAnimal breedingSeries (stratigraphy)Genetic diversityGenetic VariationEquidaeGenéticaextinct lineagesAncient DNAdomestication ; selection ; equestrian civilizations ; horses ; ancient DNA ; mules ; animal breeding ; extinct lineages ; management ; diversityAnálisisancient DNA ; domestication ; animal breeding ; horses ; mules ; extinct lineages ; selection ; diversity ; management ; equestrian civilizations030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Coping with arid environments: A critical threshold for human expansion in Europe at the Marine Isotope Stage 12/11 transition? The case of the Iberi…

2020

Abstract Archaeological remains have highlighted the fact that the interglacial Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 11 was a threshold from the perspective of hominin evolution in Europe. After the MIS 12 glaciation, considered one of the major climate-driven crises experienced by hominins, the archaeological records show an increasing number of occupations, evidence of new subsistence behaviors, and significant technical innovations. Here, we used statistical and geographic techniques to analyze the amphibian- and reptile-based paleoclimate and habitat reconstructions generated from a large data set of the Iberian Peninsula to (1) investigate if temperature, precipitation, and/or forest cover may h…

Marine isotope stageEcological nicheEarly Pleistocenegeography.geographical_feature_categoryPleistoceneFossilsAcclimatizationHominidaeHumidityBiological EvolutionEuropeGeographyPeninsulaAnthropologyInterglacialPaleoecologyAnimalsHumansPhysical geographyGlacial periodDesert ClimateEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsHistory AncientJournal of human evolution
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New patent on nanomaterials for preserving stone and wood structures

2013

Nowadays, we recognize the need for a renewed commitment to the questions posed by the contemporary city to imagine new constructability scenarios paying attention to energy efficiency and cost saving, in order to obtain the recovery of identity of a city, achieving efficiency and effectiveness of the results. This paper focuses on developing effective strategies, based on sustainability and policies applicable to the built environment. Scientific experiences of the Author, demonstrated by scientific and technological patents, regarding the implementation projects on Nanomaterials, nanostructured inorganic oxides, and more par-ticularly titanium sesquioxide and silicon, show that it is poss…

Materials sciencepatent nanomaterials preservation ancient structuresNanotechnologySettore ICAR/12 - Tecnologia Dell'ArchitetturaNanomaterials
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Characterization of Maya Blue Pigment in Pre-Classic and Classic Monumental Architecture of the Ancient Pre-Culombian City of Calakmul (Campeche, Mex…

2011

This paper presents the first evidence of the use of Maya Blue pigment in late pre-classic (c.300BC-300AD) architecture in the Maya Lowlands. This was detected combining an innovative technique, the voltammetry of microparticles (VMP), with atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (SEM/EDX), visible spectrophotometry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The pigment was found on the polychrome facade of substructure IIC of pre-Columbian city of Calakmul (Campeche, Mexico). The identification of Maya Blue in this building may prove to be the earliest known use of this colour on the …

Maya BlueArcheologyAtomic force microscopyMaterials Science (miscellaneous)media_common.quotation_subjectCalakmulAncient pigmentsConservationArtArchaeologyPigmentPre-Columbian artChemistry (miscellaneous)visual_artPINTURAvisual_art.visual_art_mediumMaya muaral paintingMayaPolychromeGeneral Economics Econometrics and FinanceAnalytical chemistrySpectroscopymedia_common
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"MEG 2015".

2017

Papers presented at the International Conference of the FIRB Project 2010 "Medical Terminology and Epistemology for a Lexikon of Genetics and its Degenerations from Hippocrates to ICD-10" (Palermo, 4-6 May 2015), Special Issue of the Journal Medicina nei Secoli (Voll. 28/3-29/1).

Medical Terminology and EpistemologySettore MED/02 - Storia Della MedicinaLexikon of GeneticCauses therapeutic and diagnostic Measures of Hereditary DiseaseSettore L-FIL-LET/02 - Lingua E Letteratura GrecaHistory of Ancient and Modern Medicine.
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The foreseen loss of the battle against COVID-19 in South America: A foretold tragedy

2021

Medicine (General)R5-920BattleCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)business.industrymedia_common.quotation_subjectCommentaryTragedy (event)MedicineGeneral MedicineAncient historybusinessmedia_commonEClinicalMedicine
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