Search results for "antineoplastic"
showing 10 items of 2217 documents
Analysis of t(15;17) chromosomal breakpoint sequences in therapy-related versus de novo acute promyelocytic leukemia: Association of DNA breaks with …
2010
We compared genomic breakpoints at the PML and RARA loci in 23 patients with therapy-related acute promyelocytic leukemia (t-APL) and 25 de novo APL cases.Eighteen of 23 t-APL cases received the topoisomerase II poison mitoxantrone for their primary disorder. DNA breaks were clustered in a previously reported 8 bp "hot spot" region of PML corresponding to a preferred site of mitoxantrone-induced DNA topoisomerase II-mediated cleavage in 39% of t-APL occurring in patients exposed to this agent and in none of the cases arising de novo (P = 0.007). As to RARA breakpoints, clustering in a 3' region of intron 2 (region B) was found in 65% of t-APL and 28% of de novo APL patients, respectively. S…
Oxidative stress in bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws
2013
Objectives To analyze whether oxidative stress (OS) changes are present in patients with bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) versus controls. Materials and Methods Oxidative stress was analyzed in serum and unstimulated saliva of three groups: Group 1 consisted of 24 patients who had been treated with intravenous bisphosphonates (ivBPs) and developed BRONJ, group 2 consisted of 20 patients who had received ivBPs and did not develop BRONJ, and group 3 comprised 17 control subjects. Reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), and 8–oxo-7,8-dihydro-2-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) levels, as well as the GSSG/GSH ratio, were measured. Results Me…
Complete tumor prevention by engineered tumor cell vaccines employing nonviral vectors.
2004
We report that 100% mice survival after tumor challenge is achieved with cytokine-engineered cells employing nonviral lipoplexes and without using viral vectors. We describe this effect with cytokine-secreting tumor cell vaccines, based on cell clones or fresh transfected cells. Tumor cells were transfected with murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or IL-4 plasmids employing the cationic lipid DOTAP, were irradiated (150 Gy) and kept frozen until use. The transfection efficacy was analyzed by qRT-PCR and flow cytometry. Vaccination induced potent antitumor rejection, resulting in 100% mice survival. Furthermore, the antitumor immunity was long lasting, since a tw…
ERGO: A pilot study of ketogenic diet in recurrent glioblastoma
2014
Limiting dietary carbohydrates inhibits glioma growth in preclinical models. Therefore, the ERGO trial (NCT00575146) examined feasibility of a ketogenic diet in 20 patients with recurrent glioblastoma. Patients were put on a low-carbohydrate, ketogenic diet containing plant oils. Feasibility was the primary endpoint, secondary endpoints included the percentage of patients reaching urinary ketosis, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival. The effects of a ketogenic diet alone or in combination with bevacizumab was also explored in an orthotopic U87MG glioblastoma model in nude mice. Three patients (15%) discontinued the diet for poor tolerability. No serious adverse events attri…
Sequential boost in neoadjuvant irradiation for T3N0-1 rectal cancer: long-term results from a single-center experience.
2016
Purpose To evaluate the influence of radiation dose on tumor regression grade (TRG) and sphincter preservation rate in a series of cT3N0-1 rectal cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CT-RT) with or without a sequential radiation boost. Materials and methods Between May 2002 and September 2013, 116 cases were eligible for retrospective evaluation. Radiotherapy was delivered for a total dose of 45 Gy (no boost arm) or 50.4 Gy (boost arm). TRG was evaluated with the Dworak scale. Results Median follow-up was 62 months (range, 12-138 months). The 5-year overall survival and local control rates were 72% and 93%, respectively. Fifty-five patients (47%) were treated with a s…
Sustained telomere erosion due to increased stem cell turnover during triple autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
2007
Telomeres cap chromosomal ends and are shortened throughout a lifetime. Additional telomere erosion has been documented during conventional chemotherapy or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Previous studies of stem cell transplantation reported variable amounts of telomere shortening with inconsistent results regarding the persistence of telomere shortening. Here we have prospectively studied telomere length and proliferation kinetics of hematopoietic cells in aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients who underwent a four-course high-dose chemotherapy protocol combined with triple autologous stem cell transplantation. We observed sustained telomere shortening in hematopoietic cells af…
Long-term outcome and clinical prognostic factors in children with medulloblastoma treated in the prospective randomised multicentre trial HIT‘91
2009
PURPOSE: To analyse long-term outcome and clinical prognostic factors in medulloblastoma. METHODS: We analysed 280 patients with medulloblastoma (3-18 years) included from 1991 to 1997 in the randomised multicentre trial HIT'91 comparing pre-('sandwich') and postradiation ('maintenance') chemotherapy (median follow-up of survivors for 10 years). RESULTS: In 187 patients with complete staging, overall survival (OS) was higher after maintenance compared to sandwich treatment for M0 (10-year OS 91% and 62%, p=0.001) and M1 patients (10-year OS 70% and 34%, p=0.020). In M2/3 disease, 10-year OS was 42% and 45%. Incomplete staging, metastases, younger age and sandwich chemotherapy were independe…
Prospective randomised trial of chemotherapy given before radiotherapy in childhood medulloblastoma. International society of paediatric oncology (SI…
1995
In a multicentre randomised clinical trial 364 children with biopsy proven medulloblastoma were randomly assigned to receive or not pre-radiotherapy chemotherapy. Children with total or subtotal removal of the tumour, no evidence of invasive brain stem involvement, and no evidence of metastatic disease either within or without the cranium were designated "low risk", those with gross residual tumour, evidence of invasive brain stem involvement or metastases in the central nervous system were designated "high risk". All children were prescribed 55 Gy to the tumour bearing area. "Low risk" children could be randomised to "standard" radiotherapy 35 Gy to the craniospinal axis or "reduced" dose …
Detection and clinical implications of a novel BCR-ABL1 E12A2 insertion/deletion in a CML patient expressing the E13A2 isoform
2019
Background/Aim: The Philadelphia chromosome is the most frequent cytogenetic abnormality in chronic myelogenous (CML). More than 95% of CML patients are diagnosed with the e13a2 or e14a2 BCR-ABL1 fusion transcripts while, in about 1% of these individuals, the break generates the e1a2 rearrangement. Furthermore, about 5% of CML patients are diagnosed with rare BCR-ABL1 fusion transcripts, such as e19a2, e8a2, e13a3, e14a3, e1a3 and e6a2. However, there is limited evidence concerning the clinical and prognostic implications of these infrequent oncogenic variants for CML patients receiving tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Case Report: We describe a novel atypical e12a2 insertion/deletion (In…
Clinical significance of complex karyotype at diagnosis in pediatric and adult patients with de novo acute promyelocytic leukemia treated with ATRA a…
2019
Although additional cytogenetic abnormalities (ACA) do not affect the prognosis of patients with t(15;17) acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), the role of a complex karyotype (CK) is yet to be clarified. We aimed to investigate the relationship of CK with relapse incidence in 1559 consecutive APL patients enrolled in three consecutive trials. Treatment consisted of AIDA induction followed by risk-adapted consolidation. A CK (CK) was defined as the presence of ≥2 ACA, and a very CK (CK+) as ≥3 ACA. Eighty-nine patients (8%) had a CK, of whom 41 (4%) had CK+. The 5-year cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR) in patients with CK was 18%, and 12% in those with <2 ACA (p=.09). Among patients wi…