Search results for "apnea"

showing 10 items of 290 documents

Arterial and mixed venous blood gas status during apnoea of intubation--proof of the Christiansen-Douglas-Haldane effect in vivo.

1989

The Christiansen-Douglas-Haldane effect, in short the Haldane effect, describes the dependence of the CO2 binding of blood on the degree of oxygenation of haemoglobin. Under the physiological conditions of an ‘open’ system between blood and alveoli the partial pressure of arterial C02 (PaCO2), must be less than that of mixed venous blood (P[Formula: see text]CO2). During the unphysiological conditions of a ‘closed’ system, e.g. hyperoxic apnoea, i.e. continuous oxygen uptake without CO2 delivery by the lungs, the Paco2 will not only approximate the P[Formula: see text]CO2 but will even exceed it. Without the Haldane effect, rapid adjustment of Paco2 to P[Formula: see text]CO2 would be expe…

Apneamedicine.medical_treatmentPartial PressureCritical Care and Intensive Care MedicinepCO2VeinsExcretionIn vivoHaldane effectmedicineIntubation IntratrachealIntubationHumansLungbusiness.industryApneaOxygenationArteriesCarbon DioxideHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationAnesthesiology and Pain Medicinemedicine.anatomical_structureAnesthesiaOxyhemoglobinsGasesmedicine.symptombusinessAnaesthesia and intensive care
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Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer—More than Just a Comorbidity?

2021

Obstructive sleep apnea is the most common type of sleep-disordered breathing with growing prevalence. Its presence has been associated with poor quality of life and serious comorbidities. There is increasing evidence for coexisting obstructive sleep apnea in patients suffering from head and neck cancer, a condition that ranks among the top ten most common types of cancer worldwide. Routinely, patients with head and neck cancer are treated with surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy or a combination of these, all possibly interfering with the anatomy of the oral cavity, pharynx or larynx. Thus, cancer treatment might worsen already existing obstructive sleep apnea or trigge…

LarynxMedicine (General)Pediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.medical_treatmentreviewR5-920Quality of lifemedicineHumansobstructive sleep apneaSleep Apnea Obstructivebusiness.industryPharynxHead and neck cancerCancerGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseComorbidityRadiation therapyObstructive sleep apneacomorbiditymedicine.anatomical_structureHead and Neck NeoplasmsQuality of LifeoutcomePharynxhead and neck cancerbusinessMedicina
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Abnormal thyroid hormones and non-thyroidal illness syndrome in obstructive sleep apnea, and effects of CPAP treatment

2016

Objective In obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), while both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism have been studied, the occurrence of non-thyroidal illness syndrome (NTIS) (normal thyroid stimulating hormone [TSH] with low triiodotironine) has not been investigated. We explored the occurrence of NTIS in patients with moderate to severe OSA and its relationship to the severity of nocturnal respiratory disorders. We also studied the occurrence of subclinical hypothyroidism (SH, ie, high TSH with normal thyroxine) in OSA and changes in circulating TSH, free triiodotironine (fT3) and free thyroxine (fT4) after CPAP treatment. Methods After a nocturnal respiratory polysomnography, 125 consecutive patie…

Maleendocrine system diseasesSettore MED/10 - MALATTIE DELL'APPARATO RESPIRATORIOPolysomnographyGastroenterologyHypoxemiaHypoxemia0302 clinical medicineSubclinical hypothyroidismThyroid stimulating hormoneobstructive sleep apneaOxygen saturation (medicine)Subclinical infectionSleep Apnea ObstructiveContinuous Positive Airway Pressuremedicine.diagnostic_testMedicine (all)apnee ostruttive nel sonnoGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedfunzione tiroideaTriiodothyronineFemalemedicine.symptomhormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsThyroid Hormonesendocrine systemmedicine.medical_specialtyPolysomnography03 medical and health sciencesThyroid-stimulating hormoneInternal medicinemedicineHumansthyroid functionbusiness.industrymedicine.diseaseEuthyroid Sick Syndromesrespiratory tract diseasesThyroid hormoneObstructive sleep apneaThyroxineEndocrinology030228 respiratory systemCase-Control Studiesbusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryEuthyroid sick syndromeHormoneEuthyroid sick syndromeSleep Medicine
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Mild obstructive sleep apnea increases hypertension risk, challenging traditional severity classification

2020

STUDY OBJECTIVES: The association of mild obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) with important clinical outcomes remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the association between mild OSA and systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) in the European Sleep Apnea Database cohort. METHODS: In a multicenter sample of 4,732 participants, we analyzed the risk of mild OSA (subclassified into 2 groups: mild(AHI 5-<11/h) (apnea-hypopnea index [AHI], 5 to <11 events/h) and mild(AHI 11-<15/h) (AHI, ≥11 to <15 events/h) compared with nonapneic snorers for prevalent SAH after adjustment for relevant confounding factors including sex, age, smoking, obesity, daytime sleepiness, dyslipidemia, chronic obstructive pulmona…

Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyEuropean Sleep Apnea Database Mild obstructive sleep apnea Systemic arterial hypertensionPolysomnographyDisorders of Excessive SomnolenceSettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato RespiratorioHypertension risk03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinestomatognathic systemRisk FactorsInternal medicinesystemic arterial hypertensionmedicineHumansEuropean Sleep Apnea DatabaseSleep Apnea ObstructiveSystemic arterial hypertensionbusiness.industrymedicine.diseaseScientific InvestigationsClinical neurologyrespiratory tract diseasesnervous system diseasesObstructive sleep apneamild obstructive sleep apneaDiabetes Mellitus Type 2NeurologyHypertensionNeurology (clinical)Human medicinebusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Is kidney a new organ target in patients with obstructive sleep apnea? Research priorities in a rapidly evolving field.

2021

Abstract The bidirectional relationship between sleep disordered breathing and chronic kidney disease (CKD) has recently gained a lot of interest. Several lines of evidence suggest the high prevalence of coexistent obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in patients with CKD and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). In addition, OSA seems to result in loss of kidney function in some patients, especially in those with cardio-metabolic comorbidities. Treatment of CKD/ESRD and OSA can alter the natural history of each other; still better phenotyping with selection of appropriate treatment approaches is urgently needed. The aim of this narrative review is to provide an update of recent studies on epidemiologic…

medicine.medical_specialtyPolysomnographyRenal functionDiseasePositive airway pressureSettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato Respiratoriourologic and male genital diseasesKidneyEnd stage renal diseaseEnd-stage renal diseaseChronic kidney diseasePositive airway pressureEpidemiologymedicineHumansSleep-disordered breathingIntensive care medicineSleep Apnea Obstructivebusiness.industryResearchGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseObstructive sleep apneafemale genital diseases and pregnancy complicationsrespiratory tract diseasesNatural historyObstructive sleep apneaKidney Failure ChronicbusinessKidney diseaseSleep medicine
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Metabolic effects of the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and cardiovascular risk

2008

The obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is characterized by collapse of the upper airway during sleep, recurring apneas, intermittent hypoxemia and daytime somnolence. OSAS is often associated with obesity, and its prevalence is expected to rise due to the obesity epidemics worldwide. OSAS is associated with increased cardiovascular risk which appears to be normalized by treatment with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) during sleep, suggesting an independent role of OSAS in accelerating atherosclerosis. Insulin resistance (IR) and the metabolic syndrome (MetS) are often found in OSAS patients, but the relative role played by OSAS and obesity is still unclear. Both OSAS a…

MaleRiskmedicine.medical_specialtySympathetic nervous systemPhysiologymedicine.medical_treatmentSettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato RespiratorioGlucose metabolism dyslipidemia sleep loss animal models children adipocyteHypoxemiaInsulin resistancestomatognathic systemPhysiology (medical)Internal medicineAdipocytesmedicineAnimalsHumansObesityContinuous positive airway pressureChildInflammationSleep Apnea Obstructivebusiness.industryGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseObesitynervous system diseasesrespiratory tract diseasesObstructive sleep apneaDisease Models AnimalGlucosemedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologyAdipose TissueCardiovascular DiseasesCardiologyMetabolic syndromemedicine.symptombusinessDyslipidemiaArchives of Physiology and Biochemistry
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Change in weight and central obesity by positive airway pressure treatment in obstructive sleep apnea patients: Longitudinal data from the European S…

2017

Introduction: The effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment on body weight and central obesity in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients is still unclear. Objectives: We aimed to study body composition change during CPAP treatment in the European Sleep Apnea Database (ESADA). Methods: OSA patients with a CPAP treatment follow-up time of more than 30 days in the ESADA registry were selected (n=2015). Body mass index (BMI), body weight, waist-, hip- and neck-circumferences were assessed at baseline and follow-up (median [interquartile range], 242 [380] days). Predictors for body composition changes with CPAP were analyzed adjusting for confounders. Results: Overall, there…

Databasebusiness.industrymedicine.medical_treatmentEpworth Sleepiness ScaleWeight changeSleep apneamedicine.diseasecomputer.software_genrenervous system diseasesrespiratory tract diseasesObstructive sleep apneaWeight lossPositive airway pressuremedicineContinuous positive airway pressuremedicine.symptombusinessWeight gaincomputerSleep and Control of Breathing
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Quantification of Regional Intrapulmonary Oxygen Partial Pressure Evolution during Apnea by 3He MRI

1999

We present a new method to determine in vivo the temporal evolution of intrapulmonary oxygen concentrations by functional lung imaging with hyperpolarized (3)Helium ((3)He-->). Single-breath, single-bolus visualization of (3)He--> administered to the airspaces is used to analyze nuclear spin relaxation caused by the local oxygen partial pressure p(O(2))(t). We model the dynamics of hyperpolarization in the lung by rate equations. Based hereupon, a double acquisition technique is presented to separate depolarization by RF pulses and oxygen induced relaxation. It permits the determination of p(O(2)) with a high accuracy of up to 3% with simultaneous flip angle calibration using no additional …

AdultMaleNuclear and High Energy PhysicsApneaSwinePartial PressureBiophysicsAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementHyperpolarized Helium 3HeliumBiochemistryOxygenNuclear magnetic resonanceIsotopesFlip angleAnimalsHumansHyperpolarization (physics)LungPhantoms ImagingRelaxation (NMR)DepolarizationPartial pressureCondensed Matter PhysicsMagnetic Resonance ImagingOxygenchemistryLimiting oxygen concentrationJournal of Magnetic Resonance
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Sleep-disordered breathing:Evaluation of dynamic patterns of the upper airways in obese subjects

2014

ObesityObstructive sleep apneaRespireation disorders
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Diabetes mellitus prevalence and control in sleep-disordered breathing: The European Sleep Apnea Cohort (ESADA) study

2014

BACKGROUND: OSA is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity. A driver of this is metabolic dysfunction and in particular type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Prior studies identifying a link between OSA and T2DM have excluded subjects with undiagnosed T2DM, and there is a lack of population-level data on the interaction between OSA and glycemic control among patients with diabetes. We assessed the relationship between OSA severity and T2DM prevalence and control in a large multinational population.METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of 6,616 participants in the European Sleep Apnea Cohort (ESADA) study, using multivariate regression analysis to assess T2DM prev…

AdultMalePulmonary and Respiratory MedicineAdolescentPolysomnographySettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato RespiratorioCritical Care and Intensive Care MedicineSeverity of Illness IndexRegression AnalysiCohort Studiesintermittent hypoxia insulin resistance HbA1CYoung AdultSleep Apnea SyndromesSleep Apnea SyndromeRisk FactorsPrevalenceHumansProspective StudiesIsraelAgedGlycated HemoglobinAged 80 and overCross-Sectional StudieHemoglobin A GlycosylatedRisk FactorMiddle AgedEuropeProspective StudieCross-Sectional StudiesDiabetes Mellitus Type 2Regression AnalysisFemaleCohort StudieCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineHuman
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