Search results for "apolipoproteins"
showing 10 items of 175 documents
Tribolium castaneum immune defense genes are differentially expressed in response to Bacillus thuringiensis toxins sharing common receptor molecules …
2015
In Tribolium castaneum larvae we have demonstrated by RNA interference knockdown that the Bacillus thuringiensis Cry3Ba toxin receptors Cadherin-like and Sodium solute symporter proteins are also functional receptors of the less active Cry3Aa toxin. Differences in susceptibility to B. thuringiensis infection might not only rely on toxin-receptor interaction but also on host defense mechanisms. We compared the expression of the immune related genes encoding Apolipophorin-III and two antimicrobial peptides, Defensin3 and Defensin2 after B. thuringiensis challenge. All three genes were up-regulated following Cry3Ba spore-crystal intoxication whereas only Defensins gene expression was induced u…
Lipid-Altering Efficacy of Ezetimibe/Simvastatin 10/20 mg Compared to Rosuvastatin 10 mg in High-Risk Patients with and without Type 2 Diabetes Melli…
2010
AIMS: This post hoc analysis compared the effects of switching to ezetimibe/simvastatin 10/20 mg (EZE/SIMVA) or rosuvastatin 10 mg (ROSUVA) in uncontrolled high-risk hypercholesterolemic patients with/without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) despite statin monotherapy. METHODS: Patients (n = 618) at high risk for coronary vascular disease with elevated LDL-C ≥100 and ≤190 mg/dL despite use of statins were randomized 1:1 to double-blind EZE/SIMVA 10/20 mg or ROSUVA 10 mg for 6 weeks. Patients were classified as having T2DM based on ≥1 of the following: diagnosis of T2DM, antidiabetic medication, or FPG ≥126 mg/dL. This analysis evaluated percent changes from baseline in lipids among patients …
New Lipid Modulating Drugs: The Role of Microsomal Transport Protein Inhibitors
2011
Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) is involved in the synthesis of very low density lipoprotein in the liver. Its deficiency results in abetalipoproteinemia. MTP inhibitors target the assembly and secretion of apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins. These agents may potentially play a role, alone or in combination, in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia or hypertriglyceridemia. Clinical applications of MTP inhibitors initially focused primarily on high-dose monotherapy in order to produce substantial reductions in LDL-cholesterol levels but these proved to induce significant hepatic steatosis and transaminase elevations. However, likely orphan indications for MTP inhibitors,…
Estudio del defecto familiar de unión de la apolipoproteína B100 en una población mediterránea
2004
Fundamento y objetivo Comparar las caracteristicas clinicobioquimicas del defecto familiar de union de la apolipoproteina B100 (DFB) con la hipercolesterolemia familiar (HF) heterocigota en una poblacion mediterranea del sur de Europa donde existen pocos datos al respecto, estudiar la prevalencia y el posible efecto fundador del DFB en una zona de la Comunidad Valenciana y conocer las caracteristicas clinicobioquimicas del DFB. Sujetos y metodo Hemos estudiado a 19 heterocigotos con DFB (8 varones) pertenecientes a 12 familias, portadores de la mutacion R3500Q del gen de la apolipoproteina B, y a 57 heterocigotos con HF (24 varones) geneticamente caracterizados, seleccionados de forma aleat…
Moderate consumption of beer reduces liver triglycerides and aortic cholesterol deposit in LDLr-/- apoB100/100 mice.
2006
This study was designed to address the effects of a moderate consumption of beer on serum and liver lipid parameters and on the development of aortic lesions in a mouse model associated with a human atherogenic lipoprotein profile. LDLr(-/-) apoB(100/100) mice received each day during 12 weeks either water, mild beer (0.570g of ethanol/kg of body weight) or ethanol-free beer in a single pure dose. Serum and liver lipid parameters were analyzed and atherosclerotic lesions were estimated in heart and aorta through their total cholesterol content. mRNA levels of enzymes and receptors involved in lipoprotein uptake, in fatty acid esterification and oxidation, and in reverse cholesterol transpor…
Combined Dyslipidemia: Should the Focus be LDL Cholesterol or Atherogenic Dyslipidemia?
2012
As the population becomes more obese and the prevalence of diabetes and the metabolic syndrome increases, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) may lose its value as a sole predictor for cardiovascular risk among lipids. Combined dyslipidemia is typically characterized by elevations in LDL-C and triglyceride levels, often accompanied by decreased high-density lipoproteincholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations and increased levels of small, dense LDL. This common disorder results from overproduction of hepatically synthesized apolipoprotein B in very low-density lipoproteins. In the last few years most of the international scientific guidelines as well as several expert panels have confirme…
Effects on lipoprotein subclasses of combined expression of human hepatic lipase and human apoB in transgenic rabbits
2003
Objective— The effects of combined expression of human hepatic lipase (HL) and human apolipoprotein B (apoB) on low-density lipoprotein (LDL) subclasses were examined in rabbits, a species naturally deficient in HL activity. Methods and Results— In apoB-transgenic rabbit plasma, >80% of the protein was found in the 1.006- to 1.050-g/mL fraction. Gradient gel electrophoresis (GGE) of this fraction revealed two distinct species, designated large and small LDL. A denser fraction (d=1.050 to 1.063 g/mL) contained small LDL as well as another discrete LDL subspecies, designated very small LDL. Expression of HL resulted in reductions in protein concentrations in the 1.006- to 1.050-g/mL densi…
Impact of estrogens on atherosclerosis and bone in the apolipoprotein E-deficient mouse model.
2014
Objective The common inflammatory pathophysiology has nourished the hypothesis of a relationship between osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease. Estrogens are key agents in the modulation of both processes. We investigated whether induction of atherosclerosis affects bone and whether estrogens modulate both processes. Methods Female apolipoprotein E-deficient mice (a well-established model of atherogenesis) were ovariectomized or falsely operated and fed either standard diet or high-fat diet (HFD). Six animals were included in each of the four groups. To clarify mechanisms, we treated preosteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells with mouse serum. Results Physiological levels of estrogens in falsely oper…
Serum sphingomyelin levels are related to the clearance of postprandial remnant-like particles.
2005
It is known that sphingomyelin (SM) content is higher in apolipoprotein B-containing particles (BLps) than in high density lipoproteins and that BLp levels, including chylomicrons and their remnant particles, are positively related to atherosclerosis. To evaluate the relationship between serum SM and postprandial remnant particle levels, we determined SM, triglyceride (TG), and cholesterol levels in serum and in remnant-like particles (RLPs) before and 3, 5, 7, and 10 h after a high-fat meal in 31 healthy subjects. We found that serum SM, like serum TG, was increased to its maximum 3 h after fat loading and then gradually decreased to basal levels after 10 h. More important, we determined t…
Differential effects of oxidized LDL on apolipoprotein AI and B synthesis in HepG2 cells
2006
Oxidized low-density lipoproteins (Ox-LDL) are key elements in atherogenesis. Apolipoprotein AI (apoAI) is an active component of the antiatherogenic high-density lipoproteins (HDL). In contrast, plasma apolipoprotein B (apoB), the main component of LDL, is highly correlated with coronary risk. Our results, obtained in HepG2 cells, show that Ox-LDL, unlike native LDL, leads to opposite effects on apoB and apoAI, namely a decrease in apoAI and an increase in apoB secretion as evaluated by [(3)H]leucine incorporation and specific immunoprecipitation. Parallel pulse-chase studies show that Ox-LDL impaired apoB degradation, whereas apoAI degradation was increased and mRNA levels were decreased.…