Search results for "apolipoproteins"
showing 10 items of 175 documents
Validating a Rapid Method for Detecting Common Polymorphisms in the APOA5 Gene by Melting Curve Analysis Using LightTyper
2005
The recently identified apolipoprotein A-V gene (APOA5) has been shown to play an important role in hypertriglyceridemia (1). Genetic variation in APOA5 has been consistently associated with plasma triglyceride concentrations in several studies (2)(3)(4). Moreover, some studies have demonstrated additional associations with lipoprotein subclasses, remnant-like particles, and cardiovascular disease risk (4)(5)(6). Several single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the human APOA5 gene have been detected with differing frequencies depending on the population analyzed (7)(8), and Klos et al.(7) have also suggested context-dependent associations in different populations. Overall, 5 common SNPs, …
Atherogenic forms of dyslipidaemia in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
2009
OBJECTIVE: Dyslipidaemia is very common in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) but, beyond plasma lipids, atherogenic lipoprotein (Lp) and apolipoprotein (apo) alterations are still ill defined. DESIGN: We measured concentrations of apoB, Lp(a) and small, dense low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in 42 patients with PCOS [age: 28 +/- 7 years, body mass index (BMI): 27 +/- 5 kg/m(2)] vs. 37 age- and BMI-matched healthy controls. METHODS: Elevated Lp(a) levels considered were those > 30 mg/dl while elevated apoB concentrations were those > 100 g/l. RESULTS: Polycystic ovary syndrome showed increased triglycerides levels (p = 0.0011) and lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol co…
Immunological and immunogenetic markers in sporadic Alzheimer’s disease
2006
Background: Common polymorphisms of genes controlling inflammation-modulating cytokines and acute-phase proteins which play important roles in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer''s disease (AD) have been shown to be associated with AD. Aims: The immunological and immunogenetic markers potentially useful for the AD risk evaluation and diagnosis are briefly reviewed. Conclusion: The state-of-the-art of immunological and immunogenetic markers of AD indicates that new tools and strategies are necessary to identify gene products useful as diagnostic tools.
Plasma lipid, apolipoprotein and Lp(a) levels in elderly normolipidemic women: Relationships with coronary heart disease and longevity
1995
The relation between plasma lipids and coronary heart disease (CHD) in the elderly is still debated, as well as the proposed role of lipoproteins as markers of longevity. In this study both normolipidemic elderly and middle-aged women with CHD showed higher triglycerides and apolipoprotein B levels and lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-I levels in comparison with age-matched subjects without CHD. In the middle-aged group, hypertension and HDL-cholesterol levels and, in the elderly group, only HDL-cholesterol levels were independently associated with CHD. No significant difference was found between a group of healthy centenarians and elderly and middle-age…
The apolipoprotein(a) moiety of lipoprotein(a) interacts with the complement activation fragment iC3b but does not functionally affect C3 activation …
1992
A previous study has shown that complement component C3 binds to recombinant apolipoprotein(a) (r-apo(a)). In the present report we have investigated the interactions between lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)), r-apo(a) and C3 in relation to complement activation and degradation. Neither Lp(a) nor r-apo(a) affected complement activation as indicated by sheep and rabbit red blood cell hemolytic assays, and by assessment of the amount of C3a generated in zymosan-activated human serum in the presence or absence of Lp(a). Crossed immunoelectrophoretic analyses indicated that Lp(a) retarded the migration of iC3b in complement-activated serum but had no effects on C3, C3b, C3c or C3dg. Recombinant apo(a) exh…
ETC-1002: A future option for lipid disorders?
2014
ETC-1002 is a new investigational low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)-lowering agent (Esperion Therapeutics, Inc.). ETC-1002 is a dicarboxylic acid derivative with a novel mechanism of action targeting two hepatic enzymes - adenosine triphosphate-citrate lyase (ACL) and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), inhibiting sterol and fatty acid synthesis and promoting mitochondrial long-chain fatty acid oxidation. This agent is currently in phase II clinical research. Available data report that ETC-1002 significantly decreased LDL-C levels (up to 32%) in both patients with normal and elevated baseline levels of triglycerides. Such beneficial effect is superior to curre…
Efficacy and safety of bempedoic acid for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
2020
Background Bempedoic acid is a first-in-class lipid-lowering drug recommended by guidelines for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. Our objective was to estimate its average effect on plasma lipids in humans and its safety profile. Methods and findings We carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis of phase II and III randomized controlled trials on bempedoic acid (PROSPERO: CRD42019129687). PubMed (Medline), Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases were searched, with no language restriction, from inception to 5 August 2019. We included 10 RCTs (n = 3,788) comprising 26 arms (active arm [n = 2,460]; control arm [n = 1,328]). Effect sizes for changes in lipids and high-…
Association between HFE mutations and acute myocardial infarction: a study in patients from Northern and Southern Italy.
2003
There is interest in the role of iron in age-related diseases such as atherosclerosis. Tissue iron deposition could be harmful, because Fe(2+) can react with H(2)O(2) to form OH(-) radicals and Fe(2+) can react with O(2) to form reactive oxygen species. Free radicals react with cell membranes and cell organelles and could lead to the development of atherosclerosis by initiating lipid peroxidation. Hereditary hemochromatosis provides an opportunity for studying the effects of iron on cardiovascular disease. Some studies have shown that individuals who carried HFE mutations may be at greater risk of developing coronary heart disease than those without the mutations. In contrast, a large numbe…
The effect of the APOE polymorphism on HDL-C concentrations depends on the cholesterol ester transfer protein gene variation in a Southern European p…
2005
Abstract Background Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) locus has consistently shown a significant association with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). However, its impact on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) has been highly controversial suggesting that it may be context-dependent. We examined the gene–gene interaction between the common ApoE and the CETP polymorphisms in determining HDL-C concentrations in men and women from the general population. Methods 550 unrelated Caucasian subjects were randomly selected from a Mediterranean Region in Spain. Plasma lipids, anthropometric, clinical and lifestyle variables were measured. Common ApoE and CETP-TaqIB polymorphisms were determine…
Accumulation of apoE-enriched triglyceride-rich lipoproteins in patients with coronary artery disease.
2005
Triglycerides (TGs) are vehicled by multiple particles with different abilities to promote atherosclerosis. Among plasma TG-rich lipoproteins (TRLs), subspecies may or may not contain apolipoprotein E (apoE) molecules: in this study, we evaluated the relative contribution of apoE-rich and apoE-poor TRLs to coronary atherosclerosis. We selected a group of males with premature coronary artery disease (CAD) without any of the classical nonlipid risk factors and/or high plasma lipid levels and evaluated the plasma concentration of TRL subspecies in comparison with healthy controls. Patients with CAD and controls had total cholesterol and TG levels within the normal range (despite slightly, even…