Search results for "aptitud"
showing 10 items of 76 documents
Individuality of movements in music--finger and body movements during playing of the flute.
2013
The achievement of mastery in playing a composition by means of a musical instrument typically requires numerous repetitions and corrections according to the keys and notations of the music piece. Nevertheless, differences in the interpretation of the same music piece by highly skilled musicians seem to be recognizable. The present study investigated differences within and between skilled flute players in their finger and body movements playing the same piece several times on the same and on different days. Six semiprofessional and four professional musicians played an excerpt of Mozart’s Flute Concerto No. 2 several times on three different days. Finger and body movements were recorded by …
Effect of musical expertise on visuospatial abilities: evidence from reaction times and mental imagery.
2003
Abstract Recently, the relationship between music and nonmusical cognitive abilities has been highly debated. It has been documented that formal music training would improve verbal, mathematical or visuospatial performance in children. In the experiments described here, we tested if visual perception and imagery abilities were enhanced in adult musicians compared with nonmusicians. In our main experiment, we measured reaction times of subjects who had to detect on which side of a horizontal or a vertical line a target dot was flashed. In the “imagery” condition the reference line disappeared before the target dot was presented. In order to accomplish the task, subjects had to keep a mental …
Incidence of savant syndrome in Finland
2000
The general incidence of Savant Syndrome was assessed in Finland. First, a survey was made of all 583 facilities which served people with mental retardation. Second, letters asking for information regarding people with Savant Syndrome were published in two key Finnish journals of the field. We received reports of 45 cases of Savant Syndrome. This makes an incidence rate of 1.4 per 1,000 people with mental retardation. The most common form of exceptional skills was calendar calculation, followed by feats of memory.
Sex-specific variation of MRI-based cortical morphometry in adult healthy volunteers: The effect on cognitive functioning
2011
Previous investigations have revealed sex-specific differences in brain morphometry. The effect of sex on cortical thickness may be influencing cognitive differences between sexes. With this exploratory study, we aimed to investigate the effect of sex in MRI-based cerebral cortex morphometry in healthy young volunteers and how the variability in cortical measures might affect cognitive functioning in men and women. 76 young healthy volunteers (45 men and 31 women) underwent a 1.5 T MR scan and 53 of them completed a comprehensive cognitive battery. Overall no gross significant differences between sexes were found in cortical thickness, surface area and curvature indexes. However, there was …
Age Differences in Learning from Instructional Animations
2015
Summary: The present study tests the effects of the decline of executive functions and spatial abilities with aging on the comprehension of a complex instructional animation. An animation of a piano mechanism was presented individually to 33 young adults and 31 elderly participants. Two presentation speeds of the animation (normal and slow) were compared in a 2×2 experimental design. Eye movements were recorded during the learning time. Then, four executive function tests (inhibition, shifting, updating, and processing speed) and a spatial ability test (differential aptitude test) were undertaken by each participant. Results showed that the comprehension of animations was significantly affe…
How to assist the students while learning from text? Effects of inserting adjunct questions on text processing
2022
AbstractThis study analyzes the effect of text-inserted questions and post-text-reading questions, i.e., questions timing, on students’ processing and learning when studying challenging texts. Seventy-six freshmen read two science texts and answered ten adjunct questions with the text available, being tested on learning 5 days afterwards. Questions were presented either after reading the whole text or inserted in the text after reading the relevant information. Online processing data were recorded while reading and searching the texts, and measures of processing strategies (i.e., paraphrases, elaborations) while answering the questions were collected. Compared to students in the post-readin…
Conocimientos y procesos cognitivos en la resolución de problemas: consecuencias para la enseñanza
2008
Este artículo presenta una visión en conjunto de las investigaciones sobre la base de conocimientos y los procesos cognitivos implicados en la resolución de problemas, y cómo éstos afectan el desempeño de los estudiantes cuando resuelven los problemas. En la base de conocimientos se discute el conocimiento declarativo, el procedimental,el estratégico, el situacional y el esquemático. Entre los procesos cognitivos se habla del razonamiento formal, construcción de modelos mentales, transferencia de conocimientos y metacognición. A partir de todo ello, se sugiere una serie de medidas instruccionales que pueden tener aplicación en el aula de ciencias.
Influence of Teacher and Family Support on University Student Motivation and Engagement
2021
Although many studies endorse the notion that the way students perceive support influences their engagement, very few have explored the possible mediator role of intention to learn between these variables. The present work provides new evidence to the existing literature because it analyses the work of intention to learn (measured with expectancy–value beliefs and achievement goals) as a mediating motivational variable in the relation between university students’ external support (teacher and family) and their engagement. The Educational Situation Quality Model (MOCSE, its acronym in Spanish) has employed as a theoretical framework to perform this analysis. A sample of 267 Spanish universit…
Dificultades de aprendizaje y cambio conceptual, procedimental y axiológico (II): nuevas perspectivas
2009
En este trabajo veremos como las ciencias cognitivas, las neurociencias, los estudios CTS, la educacion cientifica no formal, etc., ofrecen nuevas posibilidades de avance en el campo del aprendizaje de conceptos, procedimientos y actitudes, y tambien veremos otras perspectivas que amplian el dominio usual de la didactica de las ciencias. Por ultimo, se muestra como los modelos de ensenanza deben tener en cuenta estas dimensiones del aprendizaje de las ciencias, para contribuir a la solucion de los nuevos problemas que se plantean sobre la educacion cientifica.Palabras clave: ciencias cognitivas; neurociencias; estudios CTSA; ensenanza, aprendizaje.Learning difficulties and conceptual, metho…
Las competencias básicas en la nueva generación de estudiantes universitarios: Una experiencia de Innovación.
2017
[EN] This contribution presents an innovative teaching experience dedicated to developing core competencies in the university student by activating educational practices and evaluation procedures that seek to promote and maximize various competitions. This experiencie has been implemented in different degrees of the University of Valencia during the academic years 2011-12, 2012-13, 2013-14 and 2014-15. Participating in the study 1285 students through accidental sampling accessibility. After developing a survey methodology based on descriptive-exploratory analyzes data collected allow us to know what is the degree of control perceived by university students around the following core competen…