Search results for "ards"

showing 10 items of 1705 documents

Smoking cessation and variations in nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits alpha-5, alpha-3, and beta-4 genes.

2009

Background Evidence has recently accumulated that single nucleotide polymorphisms in the genetic region encoding the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits α-5, α-3, and β-4 are associated with smoking and nicotine dependence. We aimed to determine whether these genetic variations are also predictive of smoking cessation. Methods Lifetime history of smoking was assessed by questionnaire at enrolment into a large epidemiological study of the German elderly population (ESTHER study). Cox proportional hazards modeling was applied in a retrospective cohort approach to determine the associations of individual polymorphisms and haplotypes with smoking cessation probability in 1446 subjects who…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_treatmentPopulationPhysiologySingle-nucleotide polymorphismNerve Tissue ProteinsReceptors NicotinicPolymorphism Single NucleotideGenetic determinismCohort StudiesmedicineHumanseducationBiological PsychiatryAgedGeneticseducation.field_of_studybusiness.industryProportional hazards modelHaplotypeMiddle AgedNicotinic acetylcholine receptorGenetic epidemiologyHaplotypesSmoking cessationFemaleSmoking CessationbusinessBiological psychiatry
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Blood flow velocity waveforms of the fetal middle cerebral artery in a normal population: reference values from 18 weeks to 42 weeks of gestation

2002

The aim of this prospective cross-sectional study was to establish new Doppler reference curves for peak blood flow velocities (Vmax, Vmean, Vmin) and impedance indices (PI, RI) of the middle cerebral artery at 18-42 weeks of gestation by an automatic wave form analysis integrated into the ultrasound device. In 962 low-risk pregnancies, blood flow velocities were derived from the middle cerebral artery with pulsed color Doppler ultrasonography. Reference curves were constructed for the individual parameters based on a growth function from a four-parameter class of monotonic continuous functions according to the smallest square principle for maximum blood flow velocities, as well as on a pol…

AdultMiddle Cerebral Arterymedicine.medical_specialtyPulsatile flowGestational AgeUltrasonography Prenatalsymbols.namesakeFetusPregnancymedicine.arteryInternal medicineLaser-Doppler FlowmetryHumansMedicineObserver VariationFetusbusiness.industryReproducibility of ResultsObstetrics and GynecologyGestational ageBlood flowAnatomyReference StandardsLaser Doppler velocimetryCross-Sectional StudiesPulsatile FlowPediatrics Perinatology and Child HealthMiddle cerebral arterysymbolsCardiologyGestationFemalebusinessDoppler effectBlood Flow VelocityJournal of Perinatal Medicine
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Trends in Sexual Activity and Associations with All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality Among US Adults

2020

Abstract Background Sexual activity can be referred to as a health behavior and may also act as an indicator of health status. Aim To evaluate temporal trends in sexual activity and to examine associations of sexual activity with all-cause and cause-specific mortality risk. Methods We examined the trends and prevalence of sexual activity and association of sexual activity with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a nationally representative sample using data from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2005 to 2016 and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2014 Linked Mortality File (through December 31, 2015). Outcomes All-cause, cardiovascular…

AdultNational Health and Nutrition Examination SurveySexual BehaviorUrologyEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismPopulation030232 urology & nephrologyDiseaseSexual ActivityLower riskYoung Adult03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineEndocrinologyCause of DeathNHANESHumansMedicineMortalityeducationCancerProportional Hazards ModelsReproductive healtheducation.field_of_study030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicinebusiness.industryHazard ratioMiddle AgedNutrition SurveysHealth indicatorUnited StatesPsychiatry and Mental healthReproductive MedicineCardiovascular DiseasesObservational studySexual HealthbusinessDemographyThe Journal of Sexual Medicine
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Effect of obesity on disease-free and overall survival in node-positive breast cancer patients in a large French population: A pooled analysis of two…

2014

Abstract Background To examine the association between baseline body mass index (BMI), and disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in a large French early-stage breast cancer population included in the UNICANCER Programme d’Action Concerte Sein-01 (PACS01) and PACS04 phase III randomised trials. Methods After a median follow-up of 5.9 years, this report analyses 4996 patients with node-positive breast cancer, and randomly assigned to adjuvant anthracycline-based chemotherapy combined or not with taxanes. Univariate analyses were used to study the effects of well known prognostic factors and BMI on DFS and OS. BMI was obtained at baseline, before chemotherapy initiation, and ob…

AdultOncologyCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyAntineoplastic Agents HormonalAnthracyclinemedicine.medical_treatmentPopulationBreast NeoplasmsDocetaxelDisease-Free SurvivalBody Mass IndexYoung AdultBreast cancerInternal medicineAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsmedicineHumansObesityeducationCyclophosphamideAgedEpirubicinProportional Hazards ModelsChemotherapyeducation.field_of_studyUnivariate analysisbusiness.industryHazard ratioMiddle AgedPrognosismedicine.diseaseSurvival AnalysisObesityTreatment OutcomeOncologyFemaleTaxoidsFluorouracilbusinessBody mass indexEuropean Journal of Cancer
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Multivariate independent prognostic factors in endometrial carcinoma: A clinicopathologic study in 181 patients: 10 years experience at the Departmen…

2003

The aim of this study was to evaluate the biologic outcome of endometrial carcinomas as compared to clinical and pathologic parameters and to identify multivariate independent prognostic factors. Charts were abstracted from patients with endometrial carcinoma from 1985 to 1995. Data on clinicopathologic variables, adjuvant treatment, site of recurrence, and survival were collected. chi2 test was used to test association between variables. Kaplan-Maier method was used for survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards model for multiple regression analysis. Univariate analysis revealed that FIGO stage, tumor grade, depth of myometrial invasion, biochemical analysis of progesterone receptor s…

AdultOncologymedicine.medical_specialtyMultivariate analysisAdenocarcinomaMedical RecordsCarcinoma AdenosquamousObstetrics and gynaecologyGermanyInternal medicineDiabetes MellitusCarcinomaHumansMedicineNeoplasm InvasivenessStage (cooking)Survival analysisAgedNeoplasm StagingProportional Hazards ModelsRetrospective StudiesAged 80 and overMetaplasiaUnivariate analysisbusiness.industryProportional hazards modelObstetrics and GynecologyMiddle AgedProgesterone Receptor StatusPrognosismedicine.diseaseSurvival AnalysisEndometrial NeoplasmsOncologyLymphatic MetastasisMultivariate AnalysisFemaleNeoplasm Recurrence LocalbusinessInternational Journal of Gynecological Cancer
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Survival and prognostic factors in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma

2020

Background This study aimed to evaluate sociodemographic and clinical factors influencing overall survival (OS) in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Material and Methods Medical charts of 547 patients with OSCC from a public hospital in northeastern Brazil seen between 1999 and 2013 were evaluated. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method. The influence of age, sex, ethnicity, clinical stage, anatomical location, type of treatment, and comorbidities on the patients’ prognosis was evaluated. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to identify independent prognostic factors. Results The 5-year OS was 39%. Multivariate analysis showed that age <…

AdultOncologymedicine.medical_specialtyPoor prognosisYounger ageMultivariate analysisneoplasmsglandular and epithelial03 medical and health scienceshead and neck neoplasms0302 clinical medicineOral Cancer and Potentially malignant disordersInternal medicinefollow up studiesCox proportional hazards regressionHumansMedicineBasal cellIn patientStage (cooking)General DentistryUNESCO:CIENCIAS MÉDICASSurvival analysisRetrospective StudiesSquamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neckbusiness.industryResearchrare diseases030206 dentistryPrognosisstomatognathic diseasesOtorhinolaryngologyCarcinoma Squamous CellMouth NeoplasmsepidemiologySurgerybusinessBrazilMedicina Oral Patología Oral y Cirugia Bucal
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Reproductive and Hormonal Factors, and Ovarian Cancer Risk for BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutation Carriers: Results from the International BRCA1/2 Carrier Coho…

2009

Abstract Background: Several reproductive and hormonal factors are known to be associated with ovarian cancer risk in the general population, including parity and oral contraceptive (OC) use. However, their effect on ovarian cancer risk for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers has only been investigated in a small number of studies. Methods: We used data on 2,281 BRCA1 carriers and 1,038 BRCA2 carriers from the International BRCA1/2 Carrier Cohort Study to evaluate the effect of reproductive and hormonal factors on ovarian cancer risk for mutation carriers. Data were analyzed within a weighted Cox proportional hazards framework. Results: There were no significant differences in the risk of ova…

AdultOncologymedicine.medical_specialtyendocrine system diseasesSterilization TubalEpidemiologyPopulationCohort StudiesPregnancyRisk FactorsInternal medicinemedicineHumanseducationProportional Hazards ModelsBRCA2 ProteinOvarian NeoplasmsGynecologyTubal ligationeducation.field_of_studyBRCA1 Proteinbusiness.industryProportional hazards modelHazard ratioCancerMiddle Agedmedicine.diseasefemale genital diseases and pregnancy complicationsParityOncologyMutationFemalebusinessRisk assessmentOvarian cancerContraceptives OralCohort studyCancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &amp; Prevention
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Tumor oxygenation: a new predictive parameter in locally advanced cancer of the uterine cervix.

1993

Abstract Experimental evidence suggests that hypoxia may increase the malignant potential and reduce the sensitivity toward nonsurgical treatment modalities in solid rodent tumors. However, the importance of tumor hypoxia in human malignancies is still uncertain. We have developed a clinically applicable standardized procedure for the determination of intratumoral p O 2 in advanced cervical cancers by use of a computerized polarographic needle electrode histograph. To evaluate the significance of tumor oxygenation as a new oncologic parameter we initiated an open prospective clinical trial at the University of Mainz Medical Center in June 1989. Until October 1992 50 patients with advanced c…

AdultPathologymedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.medical_treatmentBrachytherapyUrologyUterine Cervical NeoplasmsMedicineHumansProspective StudiesElectrodesAgedChemotherapyTumor hypoxiabusiness.industryProportional hazards modelObstetrics and GynecologyOxygenationTumor OxygenationHypoxia (medical)Middle AgedPrognosisCombined Modality TherapyCell HypoxiaRadiation therapyClinical trialOxygenTreatment OutcomeOncologyRegression AnalysisFemalemedicine.symptomRadioisotope TeletherapybusinessGynecologic oncology
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Effect of cost on early removal of contraceptive implants: a prospective cohort study

2019

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of the cost of subdermal etonogestrel implant (SEI) on the continuation rate one year after insertion, and to assess the reasons given by users to remove the implant before the expiration date. METHODS Prospective cohort study conducted among 265 women who chose the SEI as a contraceptive method in a sexual and reproductive health center in the eastern region of Spain, between October/2012 and October/2017. The sample was divided into two cohorts depending on the cost of the implant for the user (free-of-charge or requiring partial payment). Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to compare the cumulative removal rates of free implants with partially paid i…

AdultTime FactorsDentistry03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineHumansMedicinePharmacology (medical)Prospective Studies030212 general & internal medicineProspective cohort studyDevice RemovalSurvival analysisReproductive health030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicineProportional hazards modelbusiness.industryConfoundingObstetrics and GynecologyContraceptionReproductive MedicineSpainCosts and Cost AnalysisFemaleImplantContraceptive implantbusinessUnintended pregnancyIntrauterine DevicesThe European Journal of Contraception &amp; Reproductive Health Care
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Frovatriptan versus almotriptan for acute treatment of menstrual migraine: analysis of a double-blind, randomized, cross-over, multicenter, Italian, …

2012

The objective of the study was to compare the efficacy and safety of frovatriptan and almotriptan in women with menstrually related migraine (IHS Classification of Headache disorders) enrolled in a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, cross-over study. Patients received frovatriptan 2.5 mg or almotriptan 12.5 mg in a randomized sequence: after treating 3 episodes of migraine in no more than 3 months with the first treatment, the patient was switched to the other treatment. 67 of the 96 female patients of the intention-to-treat population of the main study had regular menstrual cycles and were thus included in this subgroup analysis. 77 migraine attacks classified as related to menses were…

AdultTime FactorsOriginalMigraine DisordersPopulationAlmotriptanClinical NeurologyCarbazolesSubgroup analysisSeverity of Illness IndexAdult; Carbazoles; Cross-Over Studies; Disability Evaluation; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Italy; Menstruation Disturbances; Middle Aged; Migraine Disorders; Proportional Hazards Models; Serotonin Receptor Agonists; Severity of Illness Index; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; TryptaminesDisability EvaluationDouble-Blind MethodAlmotriptanSeverity of illnessMedicineHumanseducationMigraine Menstrually related migraine Frovatriptan AlmotriptanMenstrually related migraineMenstruation DisturbancesMigraineMenstrually related migraineProportional Hazards Modelseducation.field_of_studyCross-Over Studiesbusiness.industryGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseCrossover studyTryptaminesSerotonin Receptor Agonistsfrovatriptan; migraine; menstrually related migraine; almotriptanAnesthesiology and Pain MedicineTreatment OutcomeMigraineItalyAnesthesiaFemaleNeurology (clinical)businessFrovatriptanFrovatriptanmedicine.drug
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