Search results for "artificial intelligence"

showing 10 items of 6122 documents

Channel Capacity in Psychovisual Deep-Nets: Gaussianization Versus Kozachenko-Leonenko

2020

In this work, we quantify how neural networks designed from biology using no statistical training have a remarkable performance in information theoretic terms. Specifically, we address the question of the amount of information that can be extracted about the images from the different layers of psychophysically tuned deep networks. We show that analytical approaches are not possible, and we propose the use of two empirical estimators of capacity: the classical Kozachenko-Lonenko estimator and a recent estimator based on Gaussianization. Results show that networks purely based on visual psychophysics are extremely efficient in two aspects: (1) the internal representation of these networks dup…

Visual PsychophysicsArtificial neural networkbusiness.industryEstimatorPattern recognitionlaw.inventionChannel capacityAchromatic lenslawChromatic scaleArtificial intelligenceRepresentation (mathematics)businessAdaptation (computer science)
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Temporal multiplexing with adaptive optics for simultaneous vision.

2016

We present and test a methodology for generating simultaneous vision with a deformable mirror that changed shape at 50 Hz between two vergences: 0 D (far vision) and −2.5 D (near vision). Different bifocal designs, including toric and combinations of spherical aberration, were simulated and assessed objectively. We found that typical corneal aberrations of a 60-year-old subject changes the shape of objective through-focus curves of a perfect bifocal lens. This methodology can be used to investigate subjective visual performance for different multifocal contact or intraocular lens designs.

Visual acuitygenetic structuresComputer scienceImage qualitymedicine.medical_treatmentIntraocular lensTemporal multiplexingDeformable mirrorArticlelaw.invention03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOpticslawmedicineComputer visionAdaptive opticsbusiness.industryAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticseye diseasesLens (optics)Spherical aberration030221 ophthalmology & optometryArtificial intelligencesense organsmedicine.symptombusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryBiotechnologyBiomedical optics express
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<title>Estimation of stereovision in conditions of blurring simulation</title>

2005

The aim of this study was to evaluate the simulation of eye pathologies, such as amblyopia and cataracts, to estimate the stereovision in artificial conditions, and to compare the results on the stereothreshold obtained in artificial and real- pathologic conditions. Characteristic of the above-mentioned real-life forms of a reduced vision is a blurred image in one of the eyes. The blurring was simulated by (i) defocusing, (ii) blurred stimuli on the screen, and (iii) occluding of an eye with PLZT or PDLC plates. When comparing the methods, two parameters were used: the subject's visual acuity and the modulation depth of the image. The eye occluder method appeared to systematically provide h…

Visual acuitygenetic structuresReduced visionbusiness.industryComputer sciencemedia_common.quotation_subjectEye diseaseTest objectmedicine.diseaseeye diseasesStereopsisOpticsmedicineContrast (vision)Computer visionsense organsArtificial intelligencemedicine.symptombusinessmedia_commonSPIE Proceedings
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Task-based visual analytics for interactive multiobjective optimization

2020

We study how visual interaction techniques considered in visual analytics can be utilized when implementing interactive multiobjective optimization methods, where a decision maker iteratively participates in the solution process. We want to benefit from previous research and avoid re-inventing ideas. Our aim is to widen awareness and increase the applicability of interactive methods for solving real-world problems. As a concrete approach, we introduce seven high-level tasks that are relevant for interactive methods. These high-level tasks are based on low-level tasks proposed in the visual analytics literature. In addition, we give an example on how the high-level tasks can be implemented a…

Visual analyticsComputer sciencevisualisointiStrategy and Managementdecision maker0211 other engineering and technologiespäätöksentukijärjestelmätpreference information02 engineering and technologyManagement Science and Operations ResearchMulti-objective optimizationManagement Information SystemsTask (project management)käyttöliittymätHuman–computer interaction0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringmultiple criteria optimizationvisualizationtask taxonomyMarketing021103 operations researchmonitavoiteoptimointiVisualizationuser interface020201 artificial intelligence & image processingUser interfaceJournal of the Operational Research Society
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Discovering the Discriminating Power in Patient Test Features Using Visual Analytics: A Case Study in Parkinson’s Disease

2016

Part 11: New Methods and Tools for Big Data Wokshop (MT4BD); International audience; This paper presents a novel methodology for selecting the most representative features for identifying the presence of the Parkinson’s Disease (PD). The proposed methodology is based on interactive visual analytic based on multi-objective optimisation. The implemented tool processes and visualises the information extracted via performing a typical line-tracking test using a tablet device. Such output information includes several modalities, such as position, velocity, dynamics, etc. Preliminary results depict that the implemented visual analytics technique has a very high potential in discriminating the PD …

Visual analytics[ INFO ] Computer Science [cs]Parkinson's diseaseComputer science02 engineering and technology[INFO] Computer Science [cs]Machine learningcomputer.software_genre03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineMulti-objective optimisation0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringmedicineFeature (machine learning)[INFO]Computer Science [cs]In patient[SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]Modalitiesbusiness.industryVisual analyticsFeature discrimination powermedicine.diseaseTest (assessment)Power (physics)Identification (information)[ SDV.NEU ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]Parkinson’s disease[SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]020201 artificial intelligence & image processingData miningArtificial intelligencebusinesscomputer030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Visual Control of a Robotic Hand

2004

The paper deals with the design and implementation of a visual control of a robotic system composed of a dexterous hand and stereo cameras. The aim of the proposed system is to reproduce the movements of a human hand in order to learn complex manipulation tasks. A novelty algorithm for a robust and fast fingertips localization and tracking is presented. Moreover, a simulator is integrated in the system to give useful feedbacks to the users during operations, and provide robust testing framework for real experiments (see video).

Visual controlStereo camerasComputer sciencebusiness.industryRobotic handNoveltyImitationComputer visionArtificial intelligenceMotion controlbusinessVisual controlRobotic
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A heterogeneous and reconfigurable machine-vision system

1995

This paper describes a new machine-vision system, a HERMIA heterogeneous and reconfigurable machine for image analysis. The architecture topology of the HERMIA machine is reconfigurable; moreover, the integration of its special modules allows a search for optimal strategies to solve vision problems. The general architecture and the hardware implementation are described. The software environment of the HERMIA machine provides a full iconic interface and a pictorial language oriented to vision in multiprocessor architectures. The preliminary system evaluation and applications are shown. © 1995 Springer-Verlag.

Visual languageSettore INF/01 - InformaticaIconic environmentMachine visionComputer Science ApplicationsHuman-Computer InteractionHardware and ArchitectureControl and Systems EngineeringArtificial IntelligenceParallel processingReconfigurabilityComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionImage analysiHeterogeneityElectrical and Electronic EngineeringSoftware1707
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Chromostereopsis in "virtual reality" adapters with electrically tuneable liquid lens oculars

2016

Chromostereopsis can be sight and feel in “Virtual Reality” adapters, that induces the appearance of color dependant depth sense and, finally, combines this sense with the source conceived depth scenario. Present studies are devoted to investigation the induced chromastereopsis when using adapted “Virtual Reality” frame together with mobile devices as smartphones. We did observation of composite visual stimuli presented on the high spatial resolution screen of the mobile phone placed inside a portable “Virtual Reality” adapter. Separated for the left and right eyes stimuli consisted of two areas: a) identical for both eyes color chromostereopsis part, and b) additional conventional color ne…

Visual perceptionChromostereopsisColor differenceComputer sciencebusiness.industryColor visionMagnificationVirtual reality01 natural sciences010309 opticsSight03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineStereopsisOptics0103 physical sciencesComputer visionArtificial intelligencebusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgerySPIE Proceedings
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Can Applications Designed to Evaluate Visual Function Be Used in Different iPads?

2018

SIGNIFICANCE: Apple devices could be suitable for vision tests, provided that the test has been correctly adapted to the device, after considering the spatial and colorimetric characterization of the screen. PURPOSE: The majority of vision applications has not been developed by vision or colorimetry experts and suffers from conceptual and design errors that may lead average users to an erroneous assessment of their visual capabilities. The reliability of vision tests depends on the accurate generation of the necessary visual stimuli in a particular device. Our aim was to ascertain whether a given color test, designed for a colorimetrically characterized device, might be used in another simi…

Visual perceptionComputer scienceColor reproductionColor Vision Defects01 natural sciences010309 opticsVision applications03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineDistortion0103 physical sciencesHumansComputer visionDiagnosis Computer-AssistedVision testChromatic scaleReliability (statistics)ÓpticaColor Perception Testsbusiness.industryReproducibility of ResultsSmall sampleEquipment DesignOphthalmologyiPadVisual functionComputers Handheld030221 ophthalmology & optometryColorimetryDiagnosis reliabilityArtificial intelligencebusinessColor PerceptionOptometry
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AcouMotion – An Interactive Sonification System for Acoustic Motion Control

2006

This paper introduces AcouMotion as a new hard-/software system for combining human body motion, tangible interfaces and sonification to a closed-loop human computer interface that allows non-visual motor control by using sonification (non-speech auditory displays) as major feedback channel. AcouMotion's main components are (i) a sensor device for measuring motion parameters (ii) a computer simulation to represent the dynamical evolution of a model world, and (iii) a sonification engine which generates an auditory representation of objects and any interactions in the model world. The intended applications of AcouMotion range from new kinds of sport games that can be played without visual di…

Visual perceptionComputer scienceSonificationbusiness.industryComputer visionthermannArtificial intelligenceVisual servoingMotion controlbusinessVisual controlMotion (physics)Gesture
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