Search results for "asma"

showing 10 items of 4204 documents

<title>Heavy-ion induced damage and reduction of dislocation mobility in LiF single crystals</title>

2006

Ion-induced reduction of dislocation mobility in LiF crystals irradiated with swift heavy (U) and light (Ni) ions of a specific energy of 11 MeV per nucleon at fluences between 106 and 1011 ions/cm2 was studied. The arm length of dislocation rosettes produced by indentation on (100) irradiated surface was measured. It has been found that in the case of heavy ions the threshold fluence (106 ions/cm2) for impeding of dislocation arms is about 3 orders of magnitude lower than that for light ions. The results indicate that ion-induced defect aggregates play the dominating role in the impeding of dislocations. Heavy ions, which produce defect aggregates in the track core, cause also a stronger e…

CrystallographyMaterials sciencePhysics::Plasma PhysicsRadiation damageSurface modificationIrradiationOrders of magnitude (numbers)DislocationLaser-induced fluorescenceFluenceMolecular physicsIonSPIE Proceedings
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Subvisible cirrus clouds - a dynamical system approach

2018

Ice clouds, so-called cirrus clouds, occur very frequently in the tropopause region. A special class are subvisible cirrus clouds with an optical depth lower than 0.03, associated with very low ice crystal number concentrations. The dominant pathway for the formation of these clouds is not known well. It is often assumed that heterogeneous nucleation on solid aerosol particles is the preferred mechanism although homogeneous freezing of aqueous solution droplets might be possible, since these clouds occur in the low-temperature regime T < 235 K. For investigating subvisible cirrus clouds as formed by homogeneous freezing we develop a reduced cloud model from first principles, which is close …

Cultural Studies010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesNucleationAstrophysicsAtmospheric sciencesDynamical system01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasEducation0103 physical scienceslcsh:ScienceOptical depthPhysics::Atmospheric and Oceanic PhysicsAstrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics0105 earth and related environmental sciencesPhysicsIce crystalslcsh:QC801-809Special classlcsh:QC1-999Aerosollcsh:Geophysics. Cosmic physicsCirruslcsh:QTropopauselcsh:Physics
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Observation of Kuznetsov-Ma soliton dynamics in optical fibre

2012

International audience; The nonlinear Schro¨dinger equation (NLSE) is a central model of nonlinear science, applying to hydrodynamics, plasma physics, molecular biology and optics. The NLSE admits only few elementary analytic solutions, but one in particular describing a localized soliton on a finite background is of intense current interest in the context of understanding the physics of extreme waves. However, although the first solution of this type was the Kuznetzov-Ma (KM) soliton derived in 1977, there have in fact been no quantitative experiments confirming its validity. We report here novel experiments in optical fibre that confirm the KM soliton theory, completing an important serie…

Current (mathematics)Context (language use)Type (model theory)01 natural sciencesArticle010305 fluids & plasmasPhysical Phenomenasymbols.namesake0103 physical sciencesComputer SimulationRogue wave010306 general physicsNonlinear Schrödinger equationNonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and SolitonsOptical FibersComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSPhysics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Multidisciplinary[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Series (mathematics)Models TheoreticalNonlinear systemClassical mechanicsNonlinear Sciences::Exactly Solvable and Integrable SystemsNonlinear DynamicssymbolsSolitonAlgorithmsScientific Reports 2, 463
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Cyclotron radiation emission spectroscopy signal classification with machine learning in project 8

2019

The Cyclotron Radiation Emission Spectroscopy (CRES) technique pioneered by Project 8 measures electromagnetic radiation from individual electrons gyrating in a background magnetic field to construct a highly precise energy spectrum for beta decay studies and other applications. The detector, magnetic trap geometry, and electron dynamics give rise to a multitude of complex electron signal structures which carry information about distinguishing physical traits. With machine learning models, we develop a scheme based on these traits to analyze and classify CRES signals. Understanding and proper use of these traits will be instrumental to improve cyclotron frequency reconstruction and help Pro…

CyclotronGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesElectronMachine learningcomputer.software_genre01 natural sciencesSignalElectromagnetic radiation010305 fluids & plasmaslaw.inventionHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)lawMagnetic trap0103 physical sciencesddc:530Emission spectrumCyclotron radiationNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentPhysicsbusiness.industryPhysicsDetector3. Good healthArtificial intelligencebusinesscomputer
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All-Atom simulations disclose how cytochrome reductase reshapes the substrate access/egress routes of its partner cyp450s

2020

Cytochromes P450 enzymes (CYP450s) promote the oxidative metabolism of a variety of substrates via the electrons supplied by the cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) and upon formation of a CPR/CYP450 adduct. In spite of the pivotal regulatory importance of this process, the impact of CPR binding on the functional properties of its partner CYP450 remains elusive. By performing multiple microsecond-long all-Atom molecular dynamics simulations of a 520â »000-Atom model of a CPR/CYP450 adduct embedded in a membrane mimic, we disclose the molecular terms for their interactions, considering the aromatase (HA) enzyme as a proxy of the CYP450 family. Our study strikingly unveils that CPR binding alters…

CytochromeStereochemistryeducationPlasma protein binding-ReductaseMolecular Dynamics Simulation010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesSubstrate SpecificityElectron Transport03 medical and health sciencesAromataseCytochrome P-450 Enzyme Systemhealth services administrationHumansddc:530General Materials Sciencecardiovascular diseasesP450 EnzymesPhysical and Theoretical Chemistryhealth care economics and organizations030304 developmental biologyNADPH-Ferrihemoprotein Reductase0303 health sciencesOxidative metabolismbiologyChemistrySubstrate (chemistry)Cytochrome P450 reductaseElectron transport chain0104 chemical sciencesAromatase; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; Electron Transport; Humans; Molecular Dynamics Simulation; NADPH-Ferrihemoprotein Reductase; Protein Binding; Substrate SpecificitySettore CHIM/03 - Chimica Generale E Inorganicabiology.proteintherapeuticsProtein Binding
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High Expression of Cannabinoid Receptor 2 on Cytokine-Induced Killer Cells and Multiple Myeloma Cells

2020

Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by aberrant bone marrow plasma cell (PC) proliferation and is one of the most common hematological malignancies. The potential effect of cannabinoids on the immune system and hematological malignancies has been poorly characterized. Cannabidiol (CBD) may be used to treat various diseases. CBD is known to exert immunomodulatory effects through the activation of cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2), which is expressed in high levels in the hematopoietic system. Cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells are a heterogeneous population of polyclonal T lymphocytes obtained via ex vivo sequential incubation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with interferon-&gam…

Cytotoxicity ImmunologicAdoptive cellular immunotherapyEndocannabinoid systemcytokine-induced killer cellsCD3Multiple myeloma.Plasma cellPeripheral blood mononuclear cellArticleCatalysisReceptor Cannabinoid CB2lcsh:ChemistryInorganic ChemistryImmune systemCell Line TumormedicineHumansCannabidiolCytotoxic T cellPhysical and Theoretical Chemistrylcsh:QH301-705.5Molecular BiologyCells CulturedSpectroscopyCytokine-induced killer cellbiologyChemistryOrganic ChemistryGeneral MedicineComputer Science Applicationsmultiple myelomaHaematopoiesisCytokine-induced killer cellmedicine.anatomical_structurelcsh:Biology (General)lcsh:QD1-999Cancer researchbiology.proteinBone marrowInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences
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A liquid alkoxide precursor for the atomic layer deposition of aluminum oxide films

2020

For large-scale atomic layer deposition (ALD) of alumina, the most commonly used alkyl precursor trimethylaluminum poses safety issues due to its pyrophoric nature. In this work, the authors have investigated a liquid alkoxide, aluminum tri-sec-butoxide (ATSB), as a precursor for ALD deposition of alumina. ATSB is thermally stable and the liquid nature facilitates handling in a bubbler and potentially enables liquid injection toward upscaling. Both thermal and plasma enhanced ALD processes are investigated in a vacuum type reactor by using water, oxygen plasma, and water plasma as coreactants. All processes achieved ALD deposition at a growth rate of 1-1.4 angstrom/cycle for substrate tempe…

DECOMPOSITIONMaterials scienceSubstrate (electronics)Chemical vapor depositionEPITAXYEpitaxyPyrophoricitychemistry.chemical_compoundAtomic layer depositionTHIN-FILMSDeposition (phase transition)alumiiniThin filmTEMPERATUREplasma processingAL2O3Surfaces and InterfacesatomikerroskasvatusCondensed Matter PhysicsSurfaces Coatings and FilmsChemistryCHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITIONPhysics and AstronomySINGLEchemistryChemical engineeringALDatomic layer depositionAlkoxideGROWTHohutkalvotJournal of Vacuum Science &amp; Technology A
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THERMOFLUID-DYNAMICS OF DEMO DIVERTOR CASSETTE

2023

The divertor is a critical in-vessel component of nuclear fusion reactors, being responsible for the fulfilment of certain fundamental functions for the machine: it must be able to handle the power deposited by charged particle and neutron irradiation, ensure the presence of channels through which the fusion ashes can be removed from the Vacuum Vessel (VV), provide plasma-compatible surfaces, and shield the VV and magnets from nuclear loads. The heat load that can be tolerated by the divertor under normal and off-normal operating conditions is a pivotal parameter when dimensioning a fusion power plant since exceptionally high heat fluxes can be observed in some regions of the divertor, in t…

DEMO Divertor Plasma facing components Thermofluid-dynamics CFD analysisSettore ING-IND/19 - Impianti Nucleari
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Eurofusion-DEMO Divertor - Cassette Design and Integration

2020

International audience; The Eurofusion-DEMO design will complete the Pre Conceptual Design phase (PCD) with a PCD Gate, named G1, scheduled to take place in Q4 2020 that will focus on assessing the feasibility of the plant and its main components prior to entering into the Conceptual Design phase. In the paper first an overview is given of the Eurofusion-DEMO Divertor Assembly including design and interface description, systems and functional requirements, load specification, system classification, manufacturing procedures and cost estimate. Then critical issues are discussed and potential design solutions are proposed, e.g.:- Neutron material damage limits of the different (structural) mat…

DEMO; Divertor; CAD DesignMaterials sciencePassive coolingNuclear engineeringPort (circuit theory)01 natural sciences7. Clean energy010305 fluids & plasmas[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics]DivertorConceptual design0103 physical sciencesDEMO fusion reactorGeneral Materials ScienceCAD Design010306 general physicsDEMOnuclear fusionSettore ING-IND/19 - Impianti NucleariCivil and Structural Engineeringelectromagnetic computationToroidNuclear heatingSeparatrixMechanical EngineeringDivertornuclear fusion plasma control electromagnetic computationNuclear Energy and EngineeringTUNGSTEN/EUROFER COATING SYSTEM CONCEPTUAL DESIGN COOLING CIRCUIT PROGRESS HCLLplasma controlHigh heat
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Fuel inventory and material migration of JET main chamber plasma facing components compared over three operational periods

2020

Fuel retention and material migration results from JET ITER-like wall beryllium limiter tiles are presented for three operating periods. Ion beam analysis results support the general picture of erosion during limiter configurations with local deposition on tile ends far into the scrape off layer. Similar trends of fuel concentrations are observed in all JET operating periods; (i) low on surfaces exposed to high heat flux and erosion and (ii) higher in deposits. The pattern of fuel retention and deposition correlates with heat flux and distribution of limiter plasmas touching inner and outer limiters. The D/Be ratio in the thickest deposit is similar to 0.01. Global fuel retention attributed…

DESORPTIONMaterials scienceEROSIONJET ITER-like wallchemistry.chemical_element01 natural sciences114 Physical sciences010305 fluids & plasmasmaterial migrationDesorption0103 physical sciencesDEPOSITION010306 general physicsMathematical PhysicsJet (fluid)ITER-LIKE-WALLDivertorMetallurgyPlasmaCondensed Matter PhysicsberylliumAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticsfuel retentionchemistryINNER WALLErosionDIVERTORBerylliumDeposition (chemistry)
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