Search results for "athlete"

Diagnosis in track and field performances past the 1988 Ben Johnson doping scandal

1999

Beginning with the early 1960s, a lot of performance supporting effects have been integrated in the structure of track and field training, such as technical progress, theoretical knowledge of the training process, development of societies and medical steps, which among others include the forbidden use of steroids or other doping ‘techniques’. Since the integration of those effects took place quite fast, a logistic growth of world class performances concerning the years 1960–1988 can be observed in many disciplines especially if they were not far developed at the beginning of this period. Eight years (1989–1996) later, doping tests of world class athletes have spread (or should have spread) …

Toward a conceptual understanding of acute cultural adaptation: A preliminary examination of ACA in female swimming

2012

This paper considers a novel approach to researching adaptation in transnational athletes. The first part introduces a conceptualisation of acute cultural adaptation (ACA), which extends the current literature in sport psychology by offering original insights into mechanisms underpinning adaptive processes to a new cultural site during an interim relocation. Rereading a self-determination theory through the lens of cultural epistemology, the proposed theorisation suggests that ACA is realised in everyday practices drawing on a range of material and symbolic cultural resources to satisfy basic psychological needs. The second part of the paper engages the conceptualisation of ACA to make sens…

A Gamified Mobility Experience

2020

We believe in the use of urban games to define new enjoyable experiences, change citizens’ unsustainable habits and educate them to new environment-and social-friendly ones. This paper presents MUV, an innovative action that has the power to engage citizens and foster sustainable mobility behaviors. MUV complements engaging HMIs with a participatory method within an iterative innovation process called the virtuous cycle (understand, involve, co-create, implement, experiment). The innovation process has led to a new game dynamic: Mobility as a Sport. It results in a rewarding personal mobility experience; the same rewarding sensations the athletes feel when they improve their results.

Er supermosjonisme sunt? : kartlegging av helsevariabler blant mannlige langdistanseløpere og syklister.

2016

Masteroppgave folkehelsevitenskap - Universitetet i Agder 2016 Introduction: Physical activity is well documented as an important factor for good health. There are however some people who train far beyond the national recommendations for 6 physical activity combined with work and family life. The research done on «high volume exercisers» is limited, specially the health variables. Objective: The purpose with this master paper is to investigate if high volume exercise is healthy. By identifying different health variable it may point to how the body responds to high training volume. Method: 41 male high volume exercises (18 to 50 years) were included in this cross-sectional study. The compila…

Spiser mosjonister og supermosjonister sunt? : En kartlegging av kostholdet til mannlige utholdenhetsmosjonister og supermosjonister

2017

Masteroppgave folkehelsevitenskap ME516 - Universitetet i Agder 2017 Background: To achieve the optimal recovery between workouts and best possible performance at training and in competitions, an optimal diet is essential for athletes at all levels. Previous studies have focused on the nutritional status of female athletes and few studies have researched the dietary habits and possible negative consequences of an insufficient diet in male athletes. Purpose: The main purpose of this study was to characterize the dietary intake of a group endurance-trained man and, on the basis of their physical fitness, compare their diets to the energy and nutrition recommendations developed by Helsedirekto…

Effects of Including Sprints in One Weekly Low-Intensity Training Session During the Transition Period of Elite Cyclists

2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of including 30-s sprints in one weekly low-intensity training (LIT) session during a 3-week transition period in elite cyclists. Sixteen male elite cyclists (maximal oxygen uptake, VO2max: 72 ± 5 ml·kg−1·min−1) reduced their training load by ~60% for 3 weeks from the end of competitive season and performed only LIT or included 30-s sprints (SPR) in one weekly LIT-session. Performance and physiological capacities were evaluated during a prolonged (~2.5 h) test-session, including a strength test, a submaximal blood lactate profile test, an incremental test to exhaustion to determine VO2max, 1 h continuous cycling including four maximal…

Is It Possible to Predict an Athlete’s Behavior? The Use of Polar Coordinates to Identify Key Patterns in Taekwondo

2019

Elite sport psychologists help athletes develop planned competition strategies from a technical-tactical perspective, through the observation and analysis of previous performances. The aim of this study was to analyze the behavioral patterns used to score points in the 2012 London Olympic Games, by using a mixed observational methodology through a polar coordinate analysis. This analysis is a representation made into four quadrants of the relationships found between focal behavior [i.e., giving score points, (SC)] and conditioned behaviors considered as key factors in taekwondo, occurring before and after the focal behavior (i.e., retrospective/prospective behavior as indicated for each qua…

Heart rate responses during the modified six-minute walk test among Special Olympics athletes

2021

Objective: The construct validity of the modified six-minute walk test (m6MWT) was examined by addressing the following questions: 1) do participants attain a steady state plateau in heart rate (HR) within the range of 110-150 beats per minute? 2) at what percentage of their predicted HR maximum were participants during each minute of the test? Material and Methods: Participants were 36 (male=56%) Special Olympics athletes aged 34.4 years (SD = 12.7). Following familiarization, participants completed the m6MWT while wearing a Polar Team 2 heart rate monitor. Results: By the end of the first minute, average heart rate was 120bpm, and a factorial repeated measures ANOVA revealed that steady s…

The role of adolescent athletes' task value patterns in their educational and athletic career aspirations

2018

Abstract The present study examined the stability and change in task value patterns that Finnish student-athletes (n  = 391) show during their first two years in upper secondary sport school and the extent to which these patterns, and changes in them, are associated with students' future educational and athletic career aspirations . By using latent profile analysis , three different and highly stable motivational patterns were identified among adolescents: (1) a dual motivated pattern, characterized by high value placed on both school and sport; (2) a low academically motivated pattern, characterized by a high value placed on sport but a low value on school; and (3) a relatively low sport m…

2021

Doping violates the Spirit of Sport and is thought to contradict the values which underpin this spirit. Values-based education (VBE) has been cited as a key element for creating a clean sport culture across age groups. Culturally relevant VBE requires understanding of the values that motivate athletes from different countries to practice their sport and uphold clean sport values. WADA's new International Standards for Education makes this study both needed and timely. Overall, 1,225 athletes from Germany, Greece, Italy, Russia, and the UK responded to measures assessing their general values, Spirit of Sport values, and their perceived importance of “clean sport”. MaxDiff analysis identified…