Search results for "attenuation"

showing 10 items of 283 documents

Disturbance observer-based disturbance attenuation control for a class of stochastic systems

2016

This paper studies a class of stochastic systems with multiple disturbances which include the disturbance with partially-known information and the white noise. A disturbance observer is constructed to estimate the disturbance with partially-known information, based on which, a disturbance observer-based disturbance attenuation control (DOBDAC) scheme is proposed by combining pole placement and linear matrix inequality (LMI) methods.

0209 industrial biotechnologyDisturbance (geology)Computer scienceAttenuation020208 electrical & electronic engineeringControl (management)Disturbance observer-based disturbance attenuation controlStochastic systemLinear matrix inequalityDisturbance observer-based disturbance attenuation control; Multiple disturbances; Stochastic system; Control and Systems Engineering; Electrical and Electronic Engineering02 engineering and technologyWhite noiseClass (biology)020901 industrial engineering & automationControl and Systems EngineeringControl theoryFull state feedbackDisturbance observer0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringElectrical and Electronic EngineeringMultiple disturbancesAutomatica
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Diagnostic accuracy of elastography and magnetic resonance imaging in patients with NAFLD: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2021

[Background and Aims] Vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE), point shear wave elastography (pSWE), 2-dimensional shear wave elastography (2DSWE), magnetic resonance elastography (MRE), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have been proposed as non-invasive tests for patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study evaluated their diagnostic accuracy for liver fibrosis and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).

0301 basic medicineFIBROSIS NONINVASIVE ASSESSMENTCirrhosisTransient elastographydeMILI0302 clinical medicineMedicineBARIATRIC SURGERY CANDIDATESNon-alcoholic steatohepatitismedicine.diagnostic_testNONALCOHOLIC STEATOHEPATITISFatty liverMagnetic Resonance Imaging3. Good healthArea Under CurveLiver biopsyElasticity Imaging TechniquesNASH-MRI030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyBio-markersRadiologyElastographyDiffusion-weighted imagingLife Sciences & BiomedicineAdultPREDICTS ADVANCED FIBROSISmedicine.medical_specialtyBiomarkers deMILI Diffusion-weighted imaging Magnetic resonance elastography NASH-MRI Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Shear wave elastography Transient elastography AdultArea Under Curve Elasticity Imaging Techniques Humans Magnetic Resonance Imaging Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ROC Curve fibro-MRI Iron-corrected T1 Liver fibrosisLiver fibrosisCONTROLLED ATTENUATION PARAMETERSTIFFNESS MEASUREMENT03 medical and health sciencesIron-corrected T1HumansFATTY LIVER-DISEASEScience & TechnologyHepatologyGastroenterology & Hepatologybusiness.industryRADIATION FORCE IMPULSEMagnetic resonance imagingmedicine.diseaseCONTROLLED TRANSIENT ELASTOGRAPHYMagnetic resonance elastography030104 developmental biologyROC CurveMagnetic resonance elastographyShear wave elastographyXL PROBEHuman medicinefibro-MRISteatohepatitisbusinessTransient elastographyBiomarkersNon-alcoholic fatty liver diseaseJournal of Hepatology
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Prevalence and severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by transient elastography: Genetic and metabolic risk factors in a general population.

2017

BACKGROUND & AIMS The worldwide spread of obesity is leading to a dramatic increase in the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its complications. We aimed to evaluate both prevalence and factors associated with NAFLD in a general population in a Mediterranean area. METHODS We considered 890 consecutive individuals included in the community-based ABCD (Alimentazione, Benessere Cardiovascolare e Diabete) study (ISRCTN15840340). Controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) and liver stiffness measurement (LSM) were measured with FibroScan. Participants were genotyped for PNPLA3 rs738409 and TM6SF2 rs58542926 variants. RESULTS The prevalence of NAFLD in the cohort was 48%. NAFL…

0301 basic medicineLiver CirrhosisMalesteatosigeneral populationGastroenterologySeverity of Illness Index0302 clinical medicinepatatin like phospholipase domain containing 3FibrosisNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseRisk FactorsNonalcoholic fatty liver diseasePrevalenceliver stiffness measurementeducation.field_of_studyMiddle Agedtransient elastographycontrolled attenuation parameterItalyLiverCohortElasticity Imaging Techniquestransmembrane 6 superfamily 2030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyFemalefibrosiAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyPopulationPopulationPolymorphism Single Nucleotide03 medical and health sciencesDiabetes mellitusInternal medicinemedicineDiabetes MellitusHumansObesityeducationstiffneAgedHepatologybusiness.industrynutritional and metabolic diseasesMembrane ProteinsLipasemedicine.diseaseObesitydigestive system diseases030104 developmental biologyLogistic ModelsTransient elastographybusinessTM6SF2Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver
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The effect of silent gaps on temporal weights in loudness judgments

2020

Abstract Human loudness judgments of time-varying sounds show a non-uniform temporal weighting pattern with increased weights at the beginning of a sound. Four experiments were conducted to investigate whether this primacy effect reoccurs after a silent gap of an appropriate duration that is inserted into a level-fluctuating sound. In three of the experiments, contiguous sounds as well as sounds containing silent gaps of different durations were presented. The temporal loudness weights were compared between the sounds that contained a gap and the sounds without a gap. The data showed that with increasing gap duration an increasingly pronounced primacy effect reoccurred on the second sound p…

0301 basic medicineMasking (art)medicine.medical_specialtyAttenuationLoudness PerceptionAudiologySensory SystemsWeightingLoudness03 medical and health sciencesJudgment030104 developmental biology0302 clinical medicineSoundAcoustic StimulationDuration (music)Second soundmedicineHumans030217 neurology & neurosurgeryMathematics
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Ranolazine-Mediated Attenuation of Mechanoelectric Feedback in Atrial Myocyte Monolayers.

2020

[EN] Background Mechanical stretch increases Na(+)inflow into myocytes, related to mechanisms including stretch-activated channels or Na+/H(+)exchanger activation, involving Ca(2+)increase that leads to changes in electrophysiological properties favoring arrhythmia induction. Ranolazine is an antianginal drug with confirmed beneficial effects against cardiac arrhythmias associated with the augmentation ofI(NaL)current and Ca(2+)overload. Objective This study investigates the effects of mechanical stretch on activation patterns in atrial cell monolayers and its pharmacological response to ranolazine. Methods Confluent HL-1 cells were cultured in silicone membrane plates and were stretched to…

0301 basic medicineMechanical stretchOptical mappingMechanoelectric feedbackPhysiologyRanolazine030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyFibrillatory patternslcsh:PhysiologyTECNOLOGIA ELECTRONICA03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRanolazinePhysiology (medical)Optical mappingMonolayermechanoelectric feedbackmedicineMyocyterotor dynamic analysisAtrial myocytesranolazineOriginal ResearchFibrillationHL-1 celllcsh:QP1-981ChemistryAttenuationmechanical stretchElectrophysiologyRotor dynamic analysisoptical mapping030104 developmental biologyfibrillatory patternsBiophysicsmedicine.symptommedicine.drugFrontiers in physiology
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The Yeast eIF2 Kinase Gcn2 Facilitates H 2 O 2 -Mediated Feedback Inhibition of Both Protein Synthesis and Endoplasmic Reticulum Oxidative Folding du…

2021

Recombinant protein production is a known source of oxidative stress. However, knowledge of which reactive oxygen species are involved or the specific growth phase in which stress occurs remains lacking. Using modern, hypersensitive genetic H2O2-specific probes, microcultivation, and continuous measurements in batch culture, we observed H2O2 accumulation during and following the diauxic shift in engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae, correlating with peak α-amylase production. In agreement with previous studies supporting a role of the translation initiation factor kinase Gcn2 in the response to H2O2, we find that Gcn2-dependent phosphorylation of eIF2α increases alongside translational atten…

0303 health sciencesEcologyChemistryEndoplasmic reticulumOxidative folding030302 biochemistry & molecular biologyApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyCell biology03 medical and health sciencesCytosolProtein biosynthesisUnfolded protein responseProtein disulfide-isomeraseProtein kinase ATranslational attenuation030304 developmental biologyFood ScienceBiotechnologyApplied and Environmental Microbiology
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Experimental investigation of holes interaction effect on the sound absorption coefficient of micro-perforated panels under high and medium sound lev…

2011

Abstract This paper experimentally investigates the holes interaction effect on the sound absorption coefficient of micro-perforated panels under high and medium sound levels. The theoretical formulations are based on a semi-empirical approach and the use of Fok’s function to model the acoustic surface impedance. For the high sound level regime, an empirical power law involving three coefficients is adapted. It is shown theoretically and experimentally that these coefficients can lead to optimized absorption performance and particularly, a formula relating the critical Reynolds number (Reynolds number value after which the absorption coefficient decreases with the increase of sound level) a…

Absorption (acoustics)Materials scienceAcoustics and Ultrasonicsbusiness.industryPerforation (oil well)Reynolds numberMechanicssymbols.namesakeNonlinear systemNoise reduction coefficientOpticsAttenuation coefficientsymbolsNoise controlSound pressurebusinessApplied Acoustics
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Light-induced transmission nonlinearities in gallium selenide

1999

The intensity of a He–Ne laser (633 nm, 5 mW) transmitted by different GaSe samples is observed to change in correlation with a Nd-yttrium–aluminum–garnet laser pulse (532 nm, 7.8 ns, 3 mJ) which excites them. Such time response has been attributed to a nonlinear optical effect, i.e., a decrease in the refractive index due to the exciton screening by the photogenerated carriers. A calculation of the absorption coefficient and refractive index at different carrier concentrations has led to a reconstruction of transmittance transients which fully agree with the experimental data at different incident intensities and temperatures. Chantal.Ferrer@uv.es ; Jaqueline.Bouvier@uv.es ; Miguel.Andres@…

Absorption coefficientsNonlinear opticsExcitonRefractive indexGeneral Physics and AstronomyIII-VI semiconductorsGallium compounds ; III-VI semiconductors ; Nonlinear optics ; Light transmission ; Refractive index ; Excitons ; Absorption coefficients ; Carrier densitylaw.inventionOpticslaw:FÍSICA [UNESCO]TransmittancePulse (signal processing)business.industryChemistryGallium compoundsUNESCO::FÍSICANonlinear opticsLaserIntensity (physics)Attenuation coefficientLight transmissionOptoelectronicsExcitonsCarrier densitybusinessRefractive index
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Contribution à l'étude des liaisons optiques atmosphériques : propagation, disponibilité et fiabilité.

2005

In this work we study the fog attenuation in the visible and infrared spectral band related to Free Space Optics (FSO). Based on the Mie scattering theory, fog extinction coefficients for different particle size distributions as a function of wavelength were derived. A simple analytical model allowing the prediction of atmospheric transmission for the 0.69 - 1.55 µm spectral band was developed. This model is valid for advection and convection fog and for visibility range between 50 to 1000 m. This model, implemented into software developed at FT R&D, allows the prediction of the Quality of Service of FSO links. Finally, we performed an experimental study to compare the fog effect on two FSO…

Absorption moléculairePropagation optique dans l'atmosphèreAtténuation atmosphérique.[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph]Mie scattering theoryvisible and infrared wave propagation in the atmosphereLiaisons optiques atmosphériquesDistribution de taille de particulesfogFree space opticsatmospheric attenuation.AérosolsBrouillardparticle size distribution[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph]Atténuation atmosphériqueThéorie de diffusion de Miemolecular absorption
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Measurement of acoustic attenuation in South Pole ice

2010

Using the South Pole Acoustic Test Setup (SPATS) and a retrievable transmitter deployed in holes drilled for the IceCube experiment, we have measured the attenuation of acoustic signals by South Pole ice at depths between 190 m and 500 m. Three data sets, using different acoustic sources, have been analyzed and give consistent results. The method with the smallest systematic uncertainties yields an amplitude attenuation coefficient alpha = 3.20 \pm 0.57 km^(-1) between 10 and 30 kHz, considerably larger than previous theoretical estimates. Expressed as an attenuation length, the analyses give a consistent result for lambda = 1/alpha of ~1/300 m with 20% uncertainty. No significant depth or …

Acoustic attenuation; Acoustics; Ice; Neutrino astronomy; South Pole[PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE]010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences[SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO]iceFOS: Physical sciencesAetiology screening and detection [ONCOL 5]Lambda01 natural sciencesneutrino astronomy[PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO]OpticsSpectrum0103 physical sciencesacousticsInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)0105 earth and related environmental sciencesPhysicsSouth Pole010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryAttenuation[SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE]TransmitterAttenuation lengthAstronomy and AstrophysicsGeodesy004AmplitudeAttenuation coefficientddc:540NeutrinoAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsbusinessAcoustic attenuationinfo:eu-repo/classification/ddc/004acoustic attenuation
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