Search results for "auditor"
showing 10 items of 737 documents
Diagnostic subgroups of developmental dyslexia have different deficits in neural processing of tones and phonemes.
2004
The present study addressed auditory processing in 8-11-year-old children with developmental dyslexia by means of event-related brain potentials (ERP). Cortical sound reception was evaluated by recording N250 responses to syllables and tones and cortical sound discrimination by analyzing the mismatch negativity (MMN) to syllable and tone changes. We found that both cortical sound reception and sound discrimination were impaired in dyslexic children. The analysis of the data obtained from two dyslexic subgroups, Dyslexics-1 being impaired in non-word reading (or both non-word and frequent word reading) and Dyslexics-2 in frequent word reading but not in non-word reading, revealed that the MM…
Auditory event-related potentials in subcortical vascular cognitive impairment and in Alzheimer's disease.
2006
Few studies exist on ERPs and patients with subcortical vascular cognitive impairment (SVCI). This latter is a quite homogeneous subtype of vascular dementia whose cognitive profile is quite different from that of Alzheimer disease (AD).The present study aims at comparing the ERPs profile both in patients with SVCI and in patients with AD.ERPs and psychometric tests were collected from 39 healthy elderly controls, 51 patients with SVCI and 43 patients with AD. Subjects mentally count high pitched target tones that were randomly intermixed with low pitched frequent tones. We measured ERPs latencies (N1, P2, N2 and P3), and interpeak latencies (N1-P3, N1-P2, N1-N2).Grand averaged potentials i…
Auditory event-related potentials at preschool age in children born very preterm.
2014
Abstract Objective To assess auditory event-related potentials at preschool age in children born very preterm (VP, 27.4±1.9 gestational weeks, n =70) with a high risk of cognitive dysfunction. Methods We used an oddball paradigm consisting of a standard tone randomly replaced by one of three infrequent deviants (differing in frequency, sound direction or duration). Results The P1 and N2 latencies were inversely correlated to age (50–63months) both in VP ( r =−0.451, p r =−0.305, p= 0.01, respectively) and term born controls (TC; n =15). VP children had smaller P1 than near-term ( n =12) or TC (1.70±0.17μV vs 2.68±0.41 and 2.92±0.43, respectively; p Conclusions Our data suggest a fast matura…
Does mismatch negativity show differences in reading-disabled children compared to normal children and children with attention deficit?
2007
An auditory event-related potential (ERP) component called mismatch negativity (MMN) was examined in three groups of children (n = 63) aged 8-14 years. A control group comprised healthy children in second or sixth grade of comprehensive school (n = 21). The two clinical groups included children with reading disability (RD) (n = 21) and children with attention deficit (AD) (n = 21). MMN was elicited in a passive oddball paradigm by duration changes in a continuous sound, consisting of two alternating (600 and 800 Hz) 100 msec tones. The deviant tones were either 30 or 50 msec in duration. Both deviants elicited a clear MMN in all groups. Statistical analyses showed no systematic difference i…
Mismatch negativity (MMN) elicited by duration deviations in children with reading disorder, attention deficit or both.
2007
According to several studies auditory discrimination as measured by mismatch negativity (MMN) is compromised in participants with reading disorder. However, studies on duration discrimination have produced conflicting findings [Baldeweg, T., Richardson, A., Watkins, S., Foale, C., & Gruzelier, J., 1999. Impaired auditory frequency discrimination in dyslexia detected with mismatch evoked potentials. Annals of Neurology, 4, 1-9; Corbera, S., Escera, C., & Artigas, J., 2006. Impaired duration mismatch negativity in developmental dyslexia. Neuroreport, 17, 1051-1055]. Auditory sensitivity has not been as actively investigated among children with attention deficit, although attention problems of…
Music and speech listening enhance the recovery of early sensory processing after stroke.
2010
Abstract Our surrounding auditory environment has a dramatic influence on the development of basic auditory and cognitive skills, but little is known about how it influences the recovery of these skills after neural damage. Here, we studied the long-term effects of daily music and speech listening on auditory sensory memory after middle cerebral artery (MCA) stroke. In the acute recovery phase, 60 patients who had middle cerebral artery stroke were randomly assigned to a music listening group, an audio book listening group, or a control group. Auditory sensory memory, as indexed by the magnetic MMN (MMNm) response to changes in sound frequency and duration, was measured 1 week (baseline), 3…
Fast measurement of auditory event-related potential profiles in 2–3-year-olds
2012
Auditory discrimination, memory, and attention-related functions were investigated in healthy 2-3-year-olds by recording event-related potentials (ERPs) to changes in five auditory features and two types of novel sounds using the fast multifeature paradigm (MFP). ERP profiles consisting of the mismatch negativity (MMN), P3a, and prominent late discriminative negativities (LDN) were obtained, for the first time, from this age group in a considerably shorter time compared to the traditional paradigms. Statistically significant responses from individual children were obtained mainly for the novel sounds. Thus, the MFP shows promise as a time-efficient paradigm for investigating central auditor…
Cognitive deficits associated with acquired amusia after stroke: A neuropsychological follow-up study
2009
Recent evidence on amusia suggests that our ability to perceive music might be based on the same neural resources that underlie other higher cognitive functions, such as speech perception and spatial processing. We studied the neural correlates of acquired amusia by performing extensive neuropsychological assessments on 53 stroke patients with a left or right hemisphere middle cerebral artery (MCA) stroke 1 week, 3 months, and 6 months after the stroke. In addition, structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed on all patients 1 week and 6 months post-stroke. Based on their performance on a shortened version of the Montreal Battery of Evaluation of Amusia (MBEA), the patients we…
Time course of ERP generators to syllables in infants: A source localization study using age-appropriate brain templates
2011
article i nfo Event-related potentials (ERPs) have become an important tool in the quest to understand how infants pro- cess perceptual information. Identification of the activation loci of the ERP generators is a technique that pro- vides an opportunity to explore the neural substrates that underlie auditory processing. Nevertheless, as infant brain templates from healthy, non-clinical samples have not been available, the majority of source localization studies in infants have used non-realistic head models, or brain templates derived from older children or adults. Given the dramatic structural changes seen across infancy, all of which profoundly affect the electrical fields measured with …
Hemodynamic responses to speech and music in newborn infants
2009
We used near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to study responses to speech and music on the auditory cortices of 13 healthy full‐term newborn infants during natural sleep. The purpose of the study was to investigate the lateralization of speech and music responses at this stage of development. NIRS data was recorded from eight positions on both hemispheres simultaneously with electroencephalography, electrooculography, electrocardiography, pulse oximetry, and inclinometry. In 11 subjects, statistically significant (P < 0.02) oxygenated (HbO(2)) and total hemoglobin (HbT) responses were recorded. Both stimulus types elicited significant HbO(2) and HbT responses on both hemispheres in five subjec…