Search results for "autophagy"
showing 10 items of 322 documents
SAT0378 Autophagy is Up-Regulated in the Salivary Glands of Primary Sjogren's Syndrome Patients and Correlates with the Focus Score and Disease Activ…
2015
Background Autophagy is now considered as a major regulator in trafficking events that activates innate and adaptive immunity and consistent evidence supports its role in autoimmunity (1). Primary Sjogren9s syndrome (pSS) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by infiltration of exocrine glands by T and B cells that, producing chemokines and cytokines, coordinate the chronic inflammatory process. No data on the role of autophagy in pSS are available in humans, although studies in mice demonstrated its involvement in the salivary and lacrimal gland homeostasis (2,3). Objectives We investigated the autophagy process in salivary gland tissue and in peripheral T lymphocytes from pSS pat…
Induction of oxiapoptophagy, a mixed mode of cell death associated with oxidative stress, apoptosis and autophagy, on 7-ketocholesterol-treated 158N …
2013
7-Ketocholesterol (7KC) has been suggested to induce a complex mode of cell death on monocytic cells: oxiapoptophagy (OXIdation, APOPTOsis, and autoPHAGY) (Monier et al. (2003) [12]). The aim of the present study, realized on 158N murine oligodendrocytes, was to bring new evidence on this mixed form of cell death. On 158N cells, 7KC induces an overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) revealed by dihydroethidium staining, a loss of transmembrane mitochondrial potential measured with DiOC6(3), caspase-3 activation, and condensation and/or fragmentation of the nuclei which are typical criteria of oxidative stress and apoptosis. Moreover, 7KC enhances cytoplamic membrane permeability to …
ROS-Dependent ER Stress and Autophagy Mediate the Anti-Tumor Effects of Tributyltin (IV) Ferulate in Colon Cancer Cells
2020
Organotin compounds represent potential cancer therapeutics due to their pro-apoptotic action. We recently synthesized the novel organotin ferulic acid derivative tributyltin (IV) ferulate (TBT-F) and demonstrated that it displays anti-tumor properties in colon cancer cells related with autophagic cell death. The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the mechanism of TBT-F action in colon cancer cells. We specifically show that TBT-F-dependent autophagy is determined by a rapid generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and correlated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. TBT-F evoked nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2)-mediated antioxidant response and Nrf2 silenc…
Cytotoxicity of ungeremine towards multi-factorial drug resistant cancer cells and induction of apoptosis, ferroptosis, necroptosis and autophagy
2018
Abstract Background Successful cancer chemotherapy is hampered by resistance of cancer cells to established anticancer drugs. Numerous natural products reveal cytotoxicity towards tumor cells. Purpose The present study was aimed to determine the cytotoxicity of a betaine-type alkaloid, ungeremine, towards 9 cancer cell lines including various sensitive and drug-resistant phenotypes. The mode of action of this compound was further investigated. Methods The cytotoxicity, ferroptotic and necroptotic cell death were determined by the resazurin reduction assay. Caspase activation was evaluated using the caspase-Glo assay. Flow cytometry was applied for the analysis of cell cycle analysis (PI sta…
Cytotoxicity of apigenin toward multiple myeloma cell lines and suppression of iNOS and COX-2 expression in STAT1-transfected HEK293 cells.
2020
Apigenin is one of the most abundant dietary flavonoids that possesses multiple bio-functions.This study was designed to determine the influence of apigenin on gene expressions, cancer cells, as well as STAT1/COX-2/iNOS pathway mediated inflammation and tumorigenesis in HEK293-STAT1 cells. Furthermore, the cytotoxic activity toward multiple myeloma (MM) cell lines was investigated.Bioinformatic analyses were used to predict the sensitivity and resistance of tumor cells toward apigenin and to determine cellular pathways influenced by this compound. The cytotoxic and ferroptotic activity of apigenin was examined by the resazurin reduction assay. Additionally, we evaluated apoptosis, and cell …
Mode of cell death induction by pharmacological Vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) inhibition.
2012
The vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit proton pump, has come into focus as an attractive target in cancer invasion. However, little is known about the role of V-ATPase in cell death, and especially the underlying mechanisms remain mostly unknown. We used the myxobacterial macrolide archazolid B, a potent inhibitor of the V-ATPase, as an experimental drug as well as a chemical tool to decipher V-ATPase-related cell death signaling. We found that archazolid induced apoptosis in highly invasive tumor cells at nanomolar concentrations which was executed by the mitochondrial pathway. Prior to apoptosis induction archazolid led to the activation of a cellular stress response including …
Highlighting curcumin-induced crosstalk between autophagy and apoptosis: A biochemical approach coupling impedancemetry, imaging, and flow cytometry
2019
Curcumin, a major active component of turmeric (Curcuma longa, L.), is known to have various effects on both healthy and cancerous tissues. In vitro studies suggest that curcumin inhibits cancer cell growth by activating apoptosis, but the mechanism underlying the anticancer effects of curcumin is still unclear. Since there is a consensus about endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress being involved in the cytotoxicity of many natural compounds, we investigated by Amnis ® Imaging flow cytome-try the mechanistic aspects of curcumin's destabilization of the ER, but also the status of the lysosomal compartment involved in curcumin-associated apoptosis. Curcumin induces ER stress thereby causing an un…
Prevention by Dietary Polyphenols (Resveratrol, Quercetin, Apigenin) Against 7-Ketocholesterol-Induced Oxiapoptophagy in Neuronal N2a Cells: Potentia…
2020
The Mediterranean diet is associated with health benefits due to bioactive compounds such as polyphenols. The biological activities of three polyphenols (quercetin (QCT), resveratrol (RSV), apigenin (API)) were evaluated in mouse neuronal N2a cells in the presence of 7-ketocholesterol (7KC), a major cholesterol oxidation product increased in patients with age-related diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders. In N2a cells, 7KC (50 µ
Highlighting Curcumin-Induced Crosstalk between Autophagy and Apoptosis as Supported by Its Specific Subcellular Localization
2020
Curcumin, a major active component of turmeric (Curcuma longa, L.), is known to have various effects on both healthy and cancerous tissues. In vitro studies suggest that curcumin inhibits cancer cell growth by activating apoptosis, but the mechanism underlying the anticancer effect of curcumin is still unclear. Since there is a recent consensus about endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress being involved in the cytotoxicity of natural compounds, we have investigated using Image flow cytometry the mechanistic aspects of curcumin&rsquo
Induction of Apoptosis, Autophagy and Ferroptosis by Thymus vulgaris and Arctium lappa Extract in Leukemia and Multiple Myeloma Cell Lines
2020
Thymus vulgaris and Arctium lappa have been used as a folk remedy in the Iraqi Kurdistan region to deal with different health problems. The aim of the current study is to investigate the cytotoxicity of T. vulgaris and A. lappa in leukemia and multiple myeloma (MM) cell lines and determine the mode of cell death triggered by the most potent cytotoxic fractions of both plants in MM. Resazurin assay was used to evaluate cytotoxic and ferroptosis activity, apoptosis, and modulation in the cell cycle phase were investigated via Annexin V-FITC/PI dual stain and cell-cycle arrest assays. Furthermore, we used western blotting assay for the determination of autophagy cell death. n-Hexane, chlorofor…