Search results for "azathioprine"

Detection of Hypoxanthine from Inosine and Unusual Hydrolysis of Immunosuppressive Drug Azathioprine through the Formation of a Diruthenium(III) Syst…

2021

Hypoxanthine (hpx) is an important molecule for both biochemistry research and biomedical applications. It is involved in several biological processes associated to energy and purine metabolism and has been proposed as a biomarker for a variety of disease states. Consequently, the discovery and development of systems suitable for the detection of hypoxanthine is pretty appealing in this research field. Thus, we have obtained a stable diruthenium (III) compound in its dehydrated and hydrated forms with formula [{Ru(&micro

Risk of new or recurrent cancer under immunosuppressive therapy in patients with IBD and previous cancer.

2013

International audience; OBJECTIVE: To explore the risk of new or recurrent cancer among patients with IBD and previous cancer, exposed or not to immunosuppressants. DESIGN: Among the 17 047 patients of the CESAME prospective observational cohort who were enrolled from May 2004 to June 2005, and followed-up until December 2007, we identified 405 patients with cancer diagnosed previous to study entry. We calculated the rates of incident cancer in patients with or without previous cancer, and we assessed by survival analysis and nested case-control study the impact of immunosuppressants on the risk of incident new or recurrent cancer in patients with previous cancer. RESULTS: The rate of incid…

Apoptosis of T cells and the control of inflammatory bowel disease: therapeutic implications.

2007

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) such as Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis are the result of an imbalanced mucosal T cell response. Despite the identification of a genetic susceptibility region in the NOD2/CARD15 (nucleotide-binding oligomerisation domain 2/caspase recruitment domain 15) gene, the aetiology is still unclear. Thus, the hunt for disease-initiating factors such as defects in the mucosal barrier or pathogenic microorganisms is ongoing. By contrast, the immunopathogenesis in IBDs is better understood. The identification of cytokines that are involved in T cell and monocyte signalling led to specific therapeutic concepts. Recent data have clearly shown that the most powerf…

Novel Signal Transduction Pathways: Analysis of STAT-3 and Rac-1 Signaling in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

2006

Although the precise etiology of inflammatory bowel disease still remains unclear, considerable progress has been made in the identification of novel signal transduction pathways that elucidate the immunopathogenesis involved in the perpetuation of the inflammatory process. Augmented T cell resistance against apoptosis is regarded as a pivotal factor in the pathogenesis, as it impairs mucosal homeostasis and leads to unrestrained accumulation of activated T cells, which subsequently lead to the amplification of the inflammatory response. Therefore novel therapeutic strategies aim at restoring mucosal T cell susceptibility to apoptosis through targeting of signal transduction pathways that a…

THE ROLE OF POLYMORPHISM OF TIOPURINE METHYLTRANSFERASE IN THERAPY WITH AZATHIOPRINE. PRELIMINARY STUDY

2017

Azathioprine is an immunosuppressive medication used in the treatment of inflammatory diseases (MICI). Despite its extensive use in therapy, azathioprine can result in serious side effects such as myelosuppression. The likelihood of developing myelosuppression also depends on genetic factors: one of the enzymes involved in drug metabolism, methyltransferase tiopurine (TPMT), is subject to genomic polymorphism. To date, 40 polymorphisms have been identified, of which three are associated with a reduction in enzymatic activity. These are TPMT*2, TPMT*3A and TPMT*3C polymorphisms. TPMT*1 is the wild-type coding form for an enzyme capable of efficiently metabolizing the drug. The objective of t…

The role of polymorphisms of thiopurine methyltransferase in therapy with Azathioprine: preliminary study Journal of Biological Research

2018

Azathioprine is an immunosuppressant drug belonging to the class of thiopurines widely used in clinical therapy. Its immunosuppressive action is linked to the substantial action mechanism in the inhibition of the synthesis of nitrogenous bases purine carried out in T-lymphocyte. The level of such medication limit resides in side effects such as myelosuppression and the development of tumours. The occurrence of side effects is linked to the presence of genetic polymorphisms of Thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT). To date, 40 allelic variants for TPMT have been detected. However, those responsible for the reduction of enzyme activity are three: *2, *3A, *3C. The presence of one of the three p…

Azathioprine, Mycophenolate Mofetil, and Methotrexate Specifically Modulate Cytokine Production by T Cells

1998

The role of polymorphisms of thiopurine methyltransferase in therapy with Azathioprine: preliminary study

2018

Azathioprine is an immunosuppressant drug belonging to the class of thiopurines widely used in clinical therapy. Its immunosuppressive action is linked to the substantial action mechanism in the inhibition of the synthesis of nitrogenous bases purine carried out in T-lymphocyte. The level of such medication limit resides in side effects such as myelosuppression and the development of tumours. The occurrence of side effects is linked to the presence of genetic polymorphisms of Thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT). To date, 40 allelic variants for TPMT have been detected. However, those responsible for the reduction of enzyme activity are three: *2, *3A, *3C. The presence of one of the three p…

RANDOMIZED TRIAL OF CYCLOSPORINE MICROEMULSION (NEORAL) VERSUS CONVENTIONAL CYCLOSPORINE IN LIVER TRANSPLANTATION

1998

Background. The new microemulsion formulation of cyclosporine (Neoral) has been developed in an effort to improve the reliability of drug absorption. The objectives of this study were to assess the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of Neoral compared to the original formulation (Sandimmun) in liver transplant recipients. Methods. In a double-blind, parallel group study conducted in 28 centers across Europe and the United States, patients receiving primary orthotopic liver allografts were randomized within 24 hr of transplantation, 198 to Neoral and 192 to Sandimmun. Patients with and without T-tube biliary drainage were included. Postoperatively, all patients also received intravenous (i.v…

Fallberichte

2004

High-dose immunoglobulins (IVIG) are important agents in the treatment of numerous autoimmune disorders. In the field of dermatology, increasing numbers of patients with bullous autoimmune disorders and mixed connective tissue diseases have been treated. We successfully treated a patient with pemphigus vulgaris with IVIG, after he had developed osteonecrosis of his right femoral head while on azathioprine and corticosteroids. After reduction of oral corticosteroids, his disease flared dramatically. The addition of a high dose immunosuppressive regimen including azathioprine and dapsone failed to help. Thus high dose IVIG (2 mg/kg, 4 weeks interval) therapy was initiated and induced complete…