Search results for "battery"
showing 10 items of 315 documents
Safety assessment of food-contact paper and board using a battery of short-term toxicity tests: European union BIOSAFEPAPER project.
2005
International audience; An European Union (EU)-funded project QLK1-CT-2001-00930 (BIOSAFEPAPER) involves the development, validation and intercalibration of a short-term battery of toxicological tests for the safety assessment of food-contact paper and board. Dissemination of the results to industry, legislators (e.g. DG Consumer Protection, DG Enterprises, DG Research), standardization bodies such as CEN, and consumers will create an agreed risk evaluation procedure. The project involves pre-normative research in order to establish a set of in-vitro cytotoxicity and genotoxicity tests that will be easily adaptable to food-contact fibre-based materials and have endpoints relevant to consume…
Self-powered IoT Device based on Energy Harvesting for Remote Applications
2018
In this paper, we present the design and prototype implementation of self-powered Internet of Things (IoT) device based on energy harvesting from a small solar panel of size 63mm x 63mm and 0.36W for remote applications. These IoT devices can be deployed in remote places within the range of a gateway. A complete proof of concept IoT device based on ambient energy harvesting is designed, prototyped and tested with super capacitors and Lithium cells in star topology. Based on the measurements, the IoT device can potentially last for one year with 55 seconds transmission interval with the fully charged 120mAh coin cell battery. On the other hand, a fully charged single 5F supercapacitor lasts …
Adaptive Energy Management Strategy for Optimal Power Flow Control of Hybrid DC Microgrid
2020
In this work, an adaptive energy management strategy (AEMS) is proposed to achieve the optimal power flow control of off grid connected hybrid DC Microgrid (MG) against time varying source and load dynamics. The hybrid DC MG considered in this paper is operating with a solar PV array and mini hydro power plant (MHPP) as power dispatching sources. The intermittent input dynamics of solar PV system and time varying load power dynamics results in power fluctuations of hybrid DC MG. The MHPP cannot regulate these power fluctuations instantly due its operating dynamics. Therefore, AEMS has deployed a hybrid energy storage system (HESS) comprising battery and supercapacitor storage devices for co…
A Hybrid Energy Storage Sizing for a Vertical Take-off and Landing Electric Aircraft
2021
The energy storage sizing procedure for an all-electric aircraft, characterised by vertical take-off and landing (VTOL), is presented in the paper. In order to define the energy consumption, the propulsion system model has been developed and simulated, referring to a specific configuration of VOLT obtained by the transformation of a very light twin-propeller aircraft named Tecnam P2012 T. Specifically, a flight mission-oriented to air city taxing has been considered. The simulation results highlight the presence of significant peak power during take-off and landing. At the aim of optimising the weight and the volume of the energy storage systems (ESSs), considered a critical issue in all-el…
Hybrid Energy Storage for Underground Mining EV
2021
One of the main concerns when it comes to contributions to the carbon footprint is the consumption of fuel by vehicles, more specifically that of mining vehicles. One solution to this problem is replacing the combustion engine vehicles with electric vehicles. This also poses the problem of low power density. This paper proposes a solution of using supercapacitors and hybrid capacitors with the aim of investigating how they can affect the performance of electric vehicles. For this purpose, a background of fuel consumption and alternative solutions to the problem are discussed, a prototype was designed and built. It was found that when supercapacitors and hybrid capacitors were used in combin…
A Hybrid Storage Systems for All Electric Aircraft
2021
A hybrid energy storage system specifically designed for a fully electric aircraft is presented in the paper. The analysis of the time evolution of the power demand of the electric propulsion system during a test mission of Maxwell X-57, an all-electric aircraft developed by NASA, has pointed out the presence of significant peak power during take-off and air tack. Considered the issues related to weight and the volume of the energy storage systems (ESSs) in all-electric aircraft, a hybridization of aircraft ESS with a Supercapacitors (SCs) bank, devoted to smooth peak power demand, has been investigated. A comparison between the simulation results of an electrochemical battery and hybrid ES…
Power management of a battery/supercapacitor system for E-mobility applications
2019
Hybrid Energy Storage Systems (HESS) have been very popular in recent years in different applications, from electric vehicles (EVs) to smart grids and renewable energies, due to the growing need to accumulate electricity. The concept of hybridization arises from the requirement of both high energy and specific power. The battery/supercapacitor (SC) system offers great advantages in a DC bus, giving the opportunity to provide high amounts of power to the loads. In this paper, a system composed of two bidirectional DC-DC converters, one connected to a battery pack and one to a stack of supercapacitors, is presented for a DC bus in electrical mobility (E-Mobility) applications. The proposed co…
Effect of Design Features and Operating Conditions on the Performance of a Bipolar Membrane-Based Acid/Base Flow Battery
2021
In the context of renewable energy sources, storage systems have been proposed as a solution to the issues related to fluctuations in the production and consumption of electric power. The EU funded BAoBaB project is aimed at developing the Acid/Base Flow battery (AB-FB), an environment-friendly, cost-competitive, grid-scale battery storage system based on the cyclic coupling of Bipolar Membrane ElectroDialysis (BMED) and its reverse, the Bipolar Membrane Reverse ElectroDialysis (BMRED) (Pärnamäe et al., 2020). Bipolar membranes promote catalytically water dissociation, thus allowing the storage of electric power in the form of acidic and alkaline solutions (pH gradient), obtained from their…
Thermally Regenerative Ammonia Batteries for Waste-Heat Exploitation
2018
It is widely accepted that one of the most important issue to be faced by the scientific community is how to sustain the modern way of living and the related energy demand. While a long term target is the transition to a full-renewable energy system, a closer exigency is the optimization of the processes already existing. It has been calculated that about 370.41 TWh of potential energy is annually lost in Europe in the form of waste-heat from the industrial sector [1]. Waste heat comprises all the thermal energy with a temperature below 130 °C [2] (or 300 °C [1]), that hardly can find a useful application with the state of the art industrial technologies. Indeed, electrochemical technologie…
Power Bus Management Techniques for Space Missions in Low Earth Orbit
2021
In space vehicles, the typical configurations for the Solar Array Power Regulators in charge of managing power transfer from the solar array to the power bus are quite different from the corresponding devices in use for terrestrial applications. A thorough analysis is reported for the most popular approaches, namely Sequential Switching Shunt Regulation and parallel-input Pulse Width Modulated converters with Maximum Power Point Tracking. Their performance is compared with reference to a typical mission in low Earth orbit, highlighting the respective strengths and weaknesses. A novel solar array managing technique, the Sequential Maximum Power Tracking, is also introduced in the trade-off a…