Search results for "behaviour"

Mise en place du comportement alimentaire dans les premières années de vie

2011

colloque sous le haut patronage du Ministère de l'Agriculture, de l'Alimentation et de la Pêche; L’alimentation remplit plusieurs fonctions : elle permet de couvrir les besoins nutritionnels ; elle procure du plaisir via les stimulations sensorielles gustatives, olfactives et tactiles ; elle contribue à la formation de l’identité individuelle et elle est l’occasion de partage autour de moments conviviaux. La fonction hédonique est particulièrement exacerbée chez l’enfant, pour qui le plaisir à manger est un pré-requis à la consommation d’un aliment. La compréhension de l’élaboration des préférences alimentaires au cours de cette période est donc particulièrement pertinente. L’enfance est en…

Développement des préférences pour les lipides chez l'enfant

2010

Impact of sweetness on children's eating behaviour: the roles of taste and calories

2014

International audience; The sweet taste is innately liked as shown in newborns. This attraction, confirmed in older children1, is interpreted in relation to the advantage conferred by the consumption of the energy of sugars. However, the impact of the taste and of the calories from sugar needs further clarification. Two studies will be presented, aimed at understanding the role of taste and calories from sugar in children from different age groups. The first study looked at flavor-flavor learning by pairing the taste of a vegetable with the sweet taste in 6-month-old infants. It shows that adding sweet taste is associated to a higher consumption of the vegetable in the sweet version but not…

Adapting the spoonful pace to the spoonful weight: a favourable practice linked to the infant caloric compensation ability?

2019

Cerveau, sensorialité et métabolisme

2011

Salivary protein profiles are linked to bitter taste acceptance in infants

2014

Salivary protein profiles are linked to bitter taste acceptance in infants. Séminaire final du projet européen HabEat

Effets de la variabilité inter-individuelles et des interactions intra-guildes sur les stratégies d'approvisionnement de carabes consommateurs de gra…

2017

Making a choice requires, implicitly, an investment of time in one behaviour at the expense of an investment in another. Being choosy would increase the risk of losing many food item opportunities to competitors, and is directly in conflict with other essential tasks such as predator avoidance. Individuals are thus expected to adjust their level of choosiness in response to the competition and predation context. The available behavioural ecological theory and the empirical ecology of carabids would suggest that competition and predation interference induces changes in the foraging behaviour of carabid individuals. Carabids typically operate within communities in which competition and predat…

Formulation, caractérisation et validation d'un pain "satiétogène"

2011

This PhD project was aimed at the formulation, the characterization and the validation of one bread, processed from flour selected to increase the satiety effects on humans. For the last several decades, the prevalence of overweight and obesity around the world has been increasing. The risks of obesity are responsible for a stagnation of life expectancy in some industrialized countries. In order to stop this pandemic phenomenon, dietary fibre appears to have beneficial effects on the decrease in feeling hunger, caloric intake and body weight of obese participants. The first goal of this work was to process two fibre-enriched breads: one of them was a “whole grain” bread (PF1), and the secon…

Role of the non-infective stage of the acanthocephalan parasite Pomphorhychus laevis on the behavioural manipulation of its amphipod intermediate host

2012

In trophically-transmitted parasites, exploitation strategies of the intermediate host have been selected, in a way increasing parasites transmission probabilities to their definitive host. Particularly, numerous parasites are able to alter their intermediate host behaviour, a phenomenon called ‘behavioural manipulation’. This manipulation only occurs when the parasite developmental stage (or larval stage) is infective for the definitive host. Before reaching this stage, the development of parasite larvae is not sufficiently advanced to allow establishment in the definitive host (this stage is thus called ‘non-infective’). Early transmission of a non-infective stage therefore implies parasi…

Réponses comportementales et préférences envers les acides gras à longue chaîne chez Drosophila melanogaster

2011

Fatty-acids (FAs) are crucial for animal survival and reproduction since these molecules are involved in many metabolic pathways and constitute a substantial store of energy. Despite the strong relationship established between excessive FA consumption and severe human etiologies (obesity, cancer, vascular diseases), our knowledge of the mechanisms underlying FA perception and preference is limited particularly in invertebrates. This is one of the reasons why we decided to investigate, during our PhD thesis, the perception of long-chain FAs (C14:0, C16:0, C18:0, C18:1, C18:2, C18:3), using the model species Drosophila melanogaster. We have also attempted to characterize some of the biologica…