Search results for "belief"
showing 10 items of 247 documents
Parenting culture(s): Ideal-parent beliefs across 37 countries
2022
What is it to be “an ideal parent”? Does the answer differ across countries and social classes? To answer these questions in a way that minimizes bias and ethnocentrism, we used open-ended questions to explore ideal-parent beliefs among 8,357 mothers and 3,517 fathers from 37 countries. Leximancer Semantic Network Analysis was utilized to first determine parenting culture zones (i.e., countries with shared ideal-parent beliefs) and then extract the predominant themes and concepts in each culture zone. The results yielded specific types of ideal-parent beliefs in five parenting culture zones: being “responsible and children/family-focused” for Asian parents, being “responsible and proper de…
Investigating the Links Between Cultural Values and Belief in Conspiracy Theories: The Key Roles of Collectivism and Masculinity
2021
Research suggests that belief in conspiracy theories (CT) stems from basic psychological mechanisms and is linked to other belief systems (e.g. religious beliefs). While previous research has extensively examined individual and contextual variables associated with CT beliefs, it has not yet investigated the role of culture. In the current research, we tested, based on a situated cultural cognition perspective, the extent to which culture predicts CT beliefs. Using Hofstede’s model of cultural values, three nation-level analyses of data from 25, 19 and 18 countries using different measures of CT beliefs (Study 1, N = 5,323; Study 2a, N = 12,255; Study 2b, N = 30,994) revealed positive associ…
Baltijas Psiholoģijas žurnāls
2013
Riin Seema, Anna Sircova. Mindfulness – a Time Perspective? Estonian Study ; Emīls Kālis, Līga Roķe, Indra Krūmiņa. Indicators of Creative Potential in Drawings: Proposing New Criteria for Assessment of Creative Potential with the Test for Creative Thinking – Drawing Production ; Ieva Urbanaviciute, Antanas Kairys, Inga Juodkune, Audrone Liniauskaite. The Lithuanian Version of the Global Motivation Scale: Testing Its Reliability and Factorial Validity ; Maruta Ludāne, Ieva Bite. Predictors of Cognitive Appraisal of Job Loss among the Unemployed Aged over 45 Years ; Per Eisele. Pooling Unshared Information: Comparing Computer-Mediated Group Discussion with Face-to-Face Group Discussion and E…
Dyskryminacja ze względu na bezwyznaniowość w pracy. Rozważania na kanwie orzeczeń sądowych zapadłych w sprawie dotyczącej G.J
2021
Kazus G. J. dotyczy dyskryminacji nauczycielki, która dwukrotnie zdjęła ze ściany pokoju nauczycielskiego krzyż. Swoje zachowanie tłumaczyła negatywnymi skojarzeniami z tym symbolem religijnym. Została ukarana dyscyplinarnie przez dyrekcję szkoły, co uznała za dyskryminację jej osoby ze względu na jej bezwyznaniowość. Złożyła do sądu pozew o odszkodowanie z tytułu molestowania w miejscu pracy i uzyskała korzystne dla siebie rozstrzygniecie. Po prawomocnym zakończeniu sprawy wniesiona została skarga nadzwyczajna do Sądu Najwyższego z wnioskiem o uchylenie wyroku całości i orzeczenie przez Sąd Najwyższy co do istoty sprawy. W powyższej sprawie przedmiotem rozstrzygnięcia nie była kwestia eksp…
Impressing my friends: The role of social value in green purchasing attitude for youthful consumers
2021
Abstract Prior studies predominantly use cross-sectional designs to determine effects of pro-environmental beliefs on green purchasing attitudes, thereby limiting the possibility for causal inferences and examining mediation effects. We overcome these gaps by adopting a two-wave longitudinal design to test a moderated-mediation model that draws on consumer choice theory, positing that the effect of implicit pro-environmental beliefs on green purchasing attitudes is mediated by perceived social value from buying green, while the relationship between pro-environmental beliefs and perceived social value is moderated by perceived inconvenience of buying green. Findings from a sample of Polish y…
Preservice teachers’ beliefs about young children’s technology use at home
2021
Teachers’ beliefs about young children’s technology use at home are intertwined with their beliefs about parents and their parenting practices. This paper reports a qualitative study of eight purposefully selected Chinese preservice early childhood (EC) teachers’ beliefs about children’s home technology use and associated representations of parents and teachers. The participants possessed inflated positive beliefs about young children’s natural technology competence but were worried that parents would expose children to content for prolonged periods. Teachers’ role was seen as responsible guides for children and educational authorities over parents. Implications for research and teacher edu…
Belief elicitation with multiple point predictions
2021
Abstract We propose a simple, incentive compatible procedure based on binarized linear scoring rules to elicit beliefs about real-valued outcomes - multiple point predictions. Simultaneously eliciting multiple point predictions with linear incentives reveals the subjective probability distribution without pre-defined intervals or probabilistic statements. We show that the approach is theoretically as robust as existing methods, while adapting flexibly to different beliefs. In a laboratory experiment, we compare our procedure to the standard approach of eliciting discrete probabilities on pre-defined intervals. We find that elicitation with multiple point predictions is faster, perceived as …
Forecasting Errors of New Venture Survival
2014
This article studies entrepreneurs' forecast errors around market entry. Using data on nascent entrepreneurs in the U.S. and start-ups in Finland, we find that besides being overoptimistic on average in both countries, entrepreneurs' survival expectations can barely distinguish survival from exits. Moreover, about one fourth of the entrepreneurs do not provide an estimate for the survival of a typical venture. However, among those that do provide it, the estimates are less overoptimistic. We also compare the forecast accuracy of entrepreneurs to those of macroeconomic forecasters. Our findings provide guidance for the development of positive theories of entrepreneurial belief formation and …
Stop there’s water on the road! Identifying key beliefs guiding people’s willingness to drive through flooded waterways
2016
Floods are among the most widespread of natural disasters and exposure to floodwaters increases drowning risk. A leading cause of flood related drowning deaths is driving through flooded waterways. Drawing on the Theory of Planned Behaviour, a two-phased research program was conducted. Phase 1 (N = 25; Mage = 32.38, SD = 11.46) identified common beliefs about driving through a flooded waterway. Phase 2 (N = 174; Mage = 27.43, SD = 10.76) adopted a cross-sectional design to examine the belief predictors of drivers' willingness to drive through a flooded waterway. Given differences in consequences due to the depth of water, scenarios of low (road covered in 20 cm of water) and high (road cove…
Many languages, many modalities : Finnish Sign Language signers as learners of English
2015
For a multilingual person, language learning is a process which requires and makes use of many varied characteristics that have developed in multilingual environments. This study deals with the learner beliefs of Finnish Sign Language (FinSL) signers who study at the university. The data for this study consist of student interviews and essays collected in connection with an English course at the Language Centre. In this article, we focus on discussing how the linguistic background and learner beliefs of FinSL signers form a basis for exploring features that affect their learning of English. Based on the socio-cultural framework, the learner beliefs these students have formed have been exami…