Search results for "beta-lactamase"
showing 10 items of 81 documents
ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in a University hospital: Molecular features, diffusion of epidemic clones and evaluation of cross-transmission.
2021
The worldwide spread of Klebsiella pneumoniae producing extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL-Kp) is a significant threat. Specifically, various pandemic clones of ESBL-Kp are involved in hospital outbreaks and caused serious infections. In that context, we assessed the phenotypic and molecular features of a collection of ESBL-Kp isolates in a French university hospital and evaluated the occurrence of potential cross-transmissions. Over a 2-year period (2017–2018), 204 non-duplicate isolates of ESBL-Kp were isolated from clinical (n = 118, 57.8%) or screening (n = 86, 42.2%) sample cultures. These isolates were predominantly resistant to cotrimoxazole (88.8%) and ofloxacin (82.8%) but remaine…
Outbreak of IMI-1 Carbapenemase-producing colistin-resistant Enterobacter cloacae on the French island of Mayotte (Indian Ocean)
2018
International audience; The spread of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in the Southwest Indian Ocean islands is poorly known. Here we describe an outbreak of colistin-resistant Enterobacter cloacae harbouring blaIMI-1 in the French overseas department of Mayotte. Between October 2015 and January 2017, all isolates of imipenem-non-susceptible E. cloacae at Mayotte Medical Center and University Hospital of Reunion Island were screened for carbapenemase production. Positive isolates were typed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and whole-genome sequencing (WGS)-based multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and all β-lactamase genes were identified by PCR and sequencing. Resistance profil…
Prevalence, genetic diversity of and factors associated with ESBL-producing Enterobacterales carriage in residents of French nursing homes
2019
Summary Objective To determine the prevalence and genotypic characteristics of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (ESBLE) and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) in nursing homes (NHs) in a French region. Risk factors associated with their carriage were also investigated. Methods A point-prevalence survey was proposed from November 2017 to June 2018 to NHs in the study region. Volunteer residents were screened for ESBLE and CPE carriage. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates were genotyped using multi-locus sequence typing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and phylogrouping (for E. coli alone). Collective and individual data were analyse…
CTX-M β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli in French Hospitals: Prevalence, Molecular Epidemiology, and Risk Factors▿
2007
ABSTRACT In 2004, 65 CTX-M-producing Escherichia coli isolates were collected from infected patients in four French hospitals. The bla CTX-M-15 genes were predominant. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis highlighted a clonal propagation of CTX-M-15-producing strains belonging to phylogenetic group B2, notably in the community. The main risk factors for acquiring these isolates were urinary tract infections or the presence of a urinary catheter in diabetic or renal failure patients.
VEB-1 in Achromobacter xylosoxidans from Cystic Fibrosis Patient, France
2006
Multidrug-resistant Achromobacter xylosoxidans was recovered from the sputum of a patient with cystic fibrosis. The VEB-1 extended-spectrum β-lactamase was detected on a class 1 integron. This first report of a VEB-1–producing isolate in this population requires further investigation to determine its distribution.
Consequences of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Carriage in Awaiting Li…
2020
Infections in patients with cirrhosis are associated with liver-related complications (LRCs), especially in patients awaiting liver transplantation (LT). The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and extended spectrum beta-lactamase colonization on infections and LRCs for patients on the wait list and on infections after LT. We retrospectively included 250 of 483 patients with cirrhosis who were placed on the wait list for LT from December 2015 to January 2018. These patients were screened for MRSA or extended spectrum beta-lactamase–producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBLE) at the time of wait-list placement and after LT. Of the patie…
Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacter cloacae ventriculitis successfully treated with intraventricular …
2014
SummaryWe present a case of post-neurosurgical ventriculitis caused by carbapenemase-producing Enterobacter cloacae successfully treated with intraventricular colistin. Enterobacter spp are intrinsically resistant to aminopenicillins, cefazolin, and cefoxitin due to the production of constitutive chromosomal AmpC beta-lactamases. Moreover, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacter spp have been identified in the USA and Europe, and carbapenems are considered the drug of choice in these cases. Our isolate was sensitive only to fosfomycin, tigecycline, and colistin, and 6 days of intravenous colistin had failed to eradicate the infection. This case provides clinical evidence to …
Virulence genotype and nematode-killing properties of extra-intestinal Escherichia coli producing CTX-M beta-lactamases.
2006
8 pages; International audience; This study evaluated the virulence potential of Escherichia coli isolates producing CTX-M beta-lactamases. During a 24-month period, 33 extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli, including 14 CTX-M-producers, were isolated from urinary tract infections at N?s University Hospital, France. The prevalence of 14 major virulence factors (VFs) was investigated by PCR and compared with the prevalence in a group of 99 susceptible E. coli isolates. Ten VFs were less prevalent (p <0.05) in the ESBL isolates than the susceptible E. coli, while iutA and traT were more prevalent in ESBL isolates (p <0.05). Moreover, the CTX-M-producing isolates had signif…
Characterization of Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Clinical Isolates in Al Thawra University Hospital, Sana'a, Yemen
2020
International audience; Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the resistance mechanisms of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae clinical strains recovered from Al Thawra University Hospital, Sana'a, Yemen. Methods: A total of 27 isolates showing decreased susceptibility to carbapenems were obtained from different clinical specimens in Al Thawra Hospital, Sana'a, Yemen. Strains were identified by Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-Of-Flight spectroscopy. Susceptibility to antibiotics was determined by the disk diffusion method on Mueller Hinton agar. Carbapenemases-encoding genes, extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance…
NDM-1-producing Acinetobacter baumannii ST85 now in Turkey, including one isolate from a Syrian refugee.
2015
PubMedID: 26296677 New Delhi metallo-b-lactamase-1 (NDM-1), an acquired class B carbapenemase, is a significant clinical threat owing to the extended hydrolysis of ß-lactams including carbapenems. Here, to the best of our knowledge we describe for the first time in Turkey two NDM-1- producing Acinetobacter baumannii isolates recovered from intensive care unit patients. The presence of blaNDM-1 was detected by PCR and confirmed by sequencing. The clonal relationship was assessed by PFGE and multilocus sequence typing. Both isolates were positive for blaNDM-1 and were attributed with the sequence type 85. One isolate was from a Syrian refugee, whereas the second was from a patient who had nev…