Search results for "beta"
showing 10 items of 3374 documents
Agouti-related peptide-expressing neurons are mandatory for feeding.
2005
Multiple hormones controlling energy homeostasis regulate the expression of neuropeptide Y (NPY) and agouti-related peptide (AgRP) in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus. Nevertheless, inactivation of the genes encoding NPY and/or AgRP has no impact on food intake in mice. Here we demonstrate that induced selective ablation of AgRP-expressing neurons in adult mice results in acute reduction of feeding, demonstrating direct evidence for a critical role of these neurons in the regulation of energy homeostasis.
Estradiol, acting through estrogen receptor alpha, restores dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase activity and nitric oxide production in oxLDL-tre…
2011
Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide (NO) synthase. ADMA accumulation, mainly due to a decreased dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH) activity, has been related to the development of cardiovascular diseases. We investigate whether estradiol prevents the changes induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL) on the DDAH/ADMA/NO pathway in human umbilical artery endothelial cells (HUAEC). HUAEC were exposed to estradiol, native LDL (nLDL), oxLDL and their combinations for 24 h. In some experiments, cells were also exposed to the unspecific estrogen receptor (ER) antagonist ICI 182780, the specific ERα antagonist MPP or specific agonists …
Progressive pulmonary fibrosis is mediated by TGF-β isoform 1 but not TGF-β3
2007
Tissue repair is a well-orchestrated biological process involving numerous soluble mediators, and an imbalance between these factors may result in impaired repair and fibrosis. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta is a key profibrotic element in this process and it is thought that its three isoforms act in a similar way. Here, we report that TGF-beta3 administered to rat lungs using transient overexpression initiates profibrotic effects similar to those elicited by TGF-beta1, but causes less severe and progressive changes. The data suggest that TGF-beta3 does not lead to inhibition of matrix degradation in the same way as TGF-beta1, resulting in non-fibrotic tissue repair. Further, TGF-bet…
Iron Chelation Therapy in thalassaemia major: a sistematic review with meta-analyses of 1520 patients included on randomized clinical trials
2011
The effectiveness of deferoxamine (DFO), deferiprone (DFP), or deferasirox (DFX) in thalassemia major was assessed. Outcomes were reported as means±SD, mean differences with 95% CI, or standardized mean differences. Statistical heterogeneity was tested using χ2 (Q) and I2. Sources of bias and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system (GRADE) were considered. Overall, 1520 patients were included. Only 7.4% of trials were free of bias. Overall measurements suggest low trial quality (GRADE). The meta-analysis suggests lower final liver iron concentrations during associated versus monotherapy treatment (p<0.0001), increases in serum ferritin levels during DFX 5, 1…
Beta-2-glycoprotein I is growth regulated and plays a role as survival factor for hepatocytes
2004
Beta-2-glycoprotein I (beta(2)GPI) is mainly produced by the liver and is found in plasma partially associated to lipoproteins. Although various properties have been attributed to this protein, its physiological role remains still unclear. We investigated its expression in cultured liver cells and in regenerating liver. Expression studies in HepG2 cells demonstrate that beta(2)GPI mRNA is regulated in a cell cycle-dependent manner, with very low expression in low cycling conditions and increasing levels in proliferating cells. p21 WAF-dependent growth arrest, induced by butyrate treatment, down-regulate beta(2)GPI mRNA levels. Immunolocalization in normal rat liver shows a non-homogeneous p…
An innovative risk-scoring system of dental procedures and safety protocols in the COVID-19 era
2020
Abstract Background The aim of this paper is to assess an innovative risk score for common dental procedures, based on the most recent contaminant SARS-CoV-2. After scoring the level of infection risk, safety procedures, advice and personal protective equipment (PPE) are recommended for the dental team in each dental practice. Methods The authors of this research analysed 42 common dental procedures on the basis of known transmission risks. In increasing order, many consider the parameters leading to different risk scores for the dental team and patients for each procedure to be: direct contact with saliva (score 1), direct contact with blood (score 2), production of low levels of spray/aer…
Response to dopamine agonists of the rat isolated uterus.
1993
1. Quinpirole did not produce any effect in isolated uterus from oestrogenized rats even when it is contracted by KCl (37 mM). 2. Fenoldopam produced a relaxant effect on rat isolated uterus contracted by KCl which was not significantly modified by SCH 23390. 3. Reserpine decreased the effect of the lowest doses of fenoldopam. In reserpinized rats, propranolol (10(-9), 10(-8), 10(-7) M) antagonized the effect of the lowest doses of fenoldopam and neither SCH 23390, sulpiride nor ranitidine modified the effect of fenoldopam. 4. The results confirm our previous finding that DA1-receptors are not functional in our preparation. The effect of fenoldopam was partially due to a catecholamine-relea…
Diastolic dysfunction and central obesity related hypertension: role of trasforming growth factor beta-1
2004
Abstract P-368 Key Words: Diastolic Dysfunction, Obesity Related Hypertension, Trasforming Growth Factor beta-1
Safety and tolerability of β3-adrenoceptor agonists in the treatment of overactive bladder syndrome - insight from transcriptosome and experimental s…
2016
We have reviewed the safety and tolerability of β3-adrenoceptor agonists, specifically mirabegron and solabegron, a newly emerging drug class for the treatment of the overactive bladder syndrome. We discuss them mechanistically in the context of expression and other preclinical data.Based on a systematic PubMed search, incidence of overall adverse events, hypertension, dry mouth, and constipation are comparable between mirabegron or solabegron and placebo. Hypertension is the most frequently observed adverse event, but has a similar incidence with mirabegron and placebo. Nevertheless, severe uncontrolled hypertension has become a contraindication for use of mirabegron based on observation o…
Growth and differentiation factor 11 (GDF11): Functions in the regulation of erythropoiesis and cardiac regeneration
2015
International audience; Members of the TGF-β superfamily transduce their signals through type I and II receptor serine/threonine kinases. The binding of activins to activin type IIA (ActRIIA) or type IIB (ActRIIB) receptors induces the recruitment and phosphorylation of an activin type I receptor (ALK4 and/or ALK7), which then phosphorylates the Smad2 and Smad3 intracellular signaling proteins. The regulation of members of the TGF-β family is known to be complex, because many proteins able to bind the ligands and inhibit their activities have been identified. Growth and differentiation factor 11 (Gdf11) belongs to the TGF-β family. GDF11, like other members of the TGF-β superfamily, is prod…