Search results for "binary"

showing 10 items of 833 documents

Structure and Thermodynamics of Binary Mixtures (Solutions)

2014

The concepts of chapter 2 are generalized to binary liquid mixtures (solutions). With the help of the concept of number and concentration fluctuations contact to the thermodynamics of solutions and physical chemistry of solutions is made. The perturbative RPA is shown to be equivalent to Flory’s theory of regular solutions. The phase diagrams of regular solutions and metal-salt solutions are discussed and explained in terms of the theories.

Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterPhysicssymbols.namesakesymbolsRegular solutionStructure (category theory)Binary numberThermodynamicsGibbs free energyPhase diagram
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Making Floryr–Huggins Practical: Thermodynamics of Polymer-Containing Mixtures

2010

The theoretical part of this article demonstrates how the original Flory–Huggins theory can be extended to describe the thermodynamic behavior of polymer-containing mixtures quantitatively. This progress is achieved by accounting for two features of macromolecules that the original approach ignores: the effects of chain connectivity in the case of dilute solutions, and the ability of polymer coils to change their spatial extension in response to alterations in their molecular environment. In the general case, this approach leads to composition-dependent interaction parameters, which can for most binary systems be described by means of two physically meaningful parameters; systems involving …

Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matterchemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesChain (algebraic topology)ChemistryPhase (matter)Binary numberThermodynamicsPolymer blendPolymerFlory–Huggins solution theoryTernary operationPhase diagram
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A PARALLEL ALGORITHM FOR ANALYZING CONNECTED COMPONENTS IN BINARY IMAGES

1992

In this paper, a parallel algorithm for analyzing connected components in binary images is described. It is based on the extension of the Cylindrical Algebraic Decomposition (CAD) to a two-dimensional (2D) discrete space. This extension allows us to find the number of connected components, to determine their connectivity degree, and to solve the visibility problem. The parallel implementation of the algorithm is outlined and its time/space complexity is given.

Connected componentDegree (graph theory)Artificial IntelligenceDiscrete spaceBinary imageVisibility (geometry)Parallel algorithmComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionTime complexityAlgorithmSoftwareMathematicsCylindrical algebraic decompositionInternational Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence
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Two-view “cylindrical decomposition” of binary images

2001

This paper describes the discrete cylindrical algebraic decomposition (DCAD) construction along two orthogonal views of binary images. The combination of two information is used to avoid ambiguities for image recognition purposes. This algorithm associates an object connectivity graph to each connected component, allowing a complete description of the structuring information. Moreover, an easy and compact representation of the scene is achieved by using strings in a five letter alphabet. Examples on complex digital images are also provided. © 2001 Elsevier Science Inc.

Connected componentNumerical AnalysisAlgebra and Number TheoryTheoretical computer scienceSettore INF/01 - InformaticaBinary imageObject (computer science)StructuringCylindrical algebraic decompositionString representationDigital imageImage decompositionComputer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionDecomposition (computer science)Discrete Mathematics and CombinatoricsGeometry and TopologyRepresentation (mathematics)AlgorithmShape descriptionMathematicsLinear Algebra and its Applications
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On the Robust Synthesis of Logical Consensus Algorithms for Distributed Intrusion Detection

2013

We introduce a novel consensus mechanism by which the agents of a network can reach an agreement on the value of a shared logical vector function depending on binary input events. Based on results on the convergence of finite--state iteration systems, we provide a technique to design logical consensus systems that minimize the number of messages to be exchanged and the number of steps before consensus is reached, and that can tolerate a bounded number of failed or malicious agents. We provide sufficient joint conditions on the input visibility and the communication topology for the method's applicability. We describe the application of our method to two distributed network intrusion detecti…

Consensus algorithmTheoretical computer scienceComputer scienceDistributed computingVisibility (geometry)Binary numberValue (computer science)Topology (electrical circuits)Computer Science::Multiagent SystemsSettore ING-INF/04 - AutomaticaControl and Systems EngineeringConsensus distributed algorithms intrusion detection security.Bounded functionConvergence (routing)Electrical and Electronic EngineeringVector-valued function
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Isobaric Vapor−Liquid Equilibrium of Binary Mixtures of 1-Butanol + Chlorobenzene and 2-Butanol + Chlorobenzene at 20 and 100 kPa

1997

Isobaric vapor−liquid equilibria were obtained for 1-butanol + chlorobenzene and for 2-butanol + chlorobenzene systems at 20 and 100 kPa using a dynamic still. The experimental error in temperature was ±0.1 K, in pressure ±0.01 kPa and ±0.1 kPa for the experiments carried out at 20 and 100 kPa, respectively, and in liquid and vapor composition ±0.001. The two systems satisfy the point-to-point thermodynamic consistency test. Both systems show a positive deviation from ideality. The data were correlated with the Wilson equation.

Consistency testchemistry.chemical_compoundChemistryChlorobenzeneGeneral Chemical EngineeringButanolVapor–liquid equilibriumThermodynamicsIsobaric processBinary numberGeneral Chemistry2-ButanolJournal of Chemical & Engineering Data
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Modular Method of Detection, Localization and Counting of Mutliple-Taxon Pollen Apertures Using Bag of Words

2014

International audience; Accurate recognition of airborne pollen taxa is crucial for understanding and treating allergic diseases, which affect an important proportion of the world population. Modern computer vision techniques enables the detection of discriminant characteristics. Apertures is one of these characteristic that has been little explored up to now. In this paper, a flexible method of detection, localization and counting of apertures of different pollen taxa with varying appearances is proposed. Apertures are described based by primitive images following the Bag-of-Words strat-egy. A confidence map is estimated based on the classification of sampled regions. The method is designe…

Contextual image classificationComputer sciencebusiness.industryLocal binary patternspattern recognitionaperturesCognitive neuroscience of visual object recognition[INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV]Image segmentationmedicine.disease_cause[ INFO.INFO-CV ] Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV]Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsComputer Science Applicationsbag of wordsRobustness (computer science)Bag-of-words modelPollenLBPPattern recognition (psychology)medicineComputer visionArtificial intelligenceElectrical and Electronic Engineeringbusinesspalynology
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III: „Relatives Risiko” und „NNT” - anschauliche Maße für binäre Daten

2002

Description of categorial data can often be based on contingency tables. However, percentages appearing in such tables must be meaningful: For most applications, it may be useful to employ factors of causal influence as the row entry variable and relate percentages to sub-groups defined by these row entries ("row percentages"). The comparison of success frequencies (i. e. binary information on "therapy success yes/no") may be based on two therapies, respective success frequencies and their ratio, the relative risk. In addition the success frequencies' difference, the absolute (or excess) risk, can be transformed into the "number needed to treat" (NNT). Many international journals demand thi…

Contingency tableOphthalmologyVariable (computer science)Relative valuebusiness.industryRelative riskBinary dataStatisticsNumber needed to treatMedicineRisk factorbusinessNumero signKlinische Monatsblätter für Augenheilkunde
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A novel strategy for solving the stochastic point location problem using a hierarchical searching scheme

2014

Stochastic point location (SPL) deals with the problem of a learning mechanism (LM) determining the optimal point on the line when the only input it receives are stochastic signals about the direction in which it should move. One can differentiate the SPL from the traditional class of optimization problems by the fact that the former considers the case where the directional information, for example, as inferred from an Oracle (which possibly computes the derivatives), suffices to achieve the optimization-without actually explicitly computing any derivatives. The SPL can be described in terms of a LM (algorithm) attempting to locate a point on a line. The LM interacts with a random environme…

Continuous-time stochastic processMathematical optimizationOptimization problemControlled random walkTime reversibilityDiscretized learning02 engineering and technologyTime reversibilityLearning automataStochastic-point problem0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringElectrical and Electronic EngineeringStochastic neural networkMathematicsBinary treeLearning automata020206 networking & telecommunicationsRandom walkComputer Science ApplicationsHuman-Computer InteractionControl and Systems Engineering020201 artificial intelligence & image processingStochastic optimizationSoftwareInformation Systems
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Influence on the macrosegregation of binary metallic alloys by thermoelectromagnetic convection and electromagnetic stirring combination

2014

International audience; Influence of a slowly rotating 0.5 T transverse magnetic field on the directionally solidified metallic alloy has been experimentally studied in this work. Main idea is to study an influence on the melt flow and material structure caused by the simultaneous electromagnetic stirring and thermoelectromagnetic convection with comparable magnitudes. Electromagnetic stirring and thermoelectromagnetic convection intensities have been estimated analytically to find optimal experimental parameters. It is experimentally demonstrated that with such an interaction it is possible to modify component macrosegregation of Sn-10 wt% Pb alloy. Helical macrosegregation within cylindri…

ConvectionWork (thermodynamics)Materials scienceMetallurgyAlloy0211 other engineering and technologiesBinary number02 engineering and technologyMechanics[CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistryengineering.material021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsInorganic ChemistryMetallic alloyPhysics::Fluid DynamicsElectromagnetic stirringMaterial structureMaterials Chemistryengineering0210 nano-technology021102 mining & metallurgyMelt flow index
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