Search results for "bioethics"
showing 10 items of 66 documents
Problemas bioéticos en la prestación de los cuidados enfermeros durante la pandemia del COVID-19
2020
Resumen Objetivo principal: Identificar los principales problemas bioéticos suscitados al proporcionar cuidados de enfermería durante la pandemia de Covid-19. Metodología: Revisión de la literatura sobre bioética de las pandemias y de las respuestas propuestas por organismos nacionales e internacionales con competencia sobre cuestiones bioéticas. Resultados principales: Se identificaron problemas bioéticos en las siguientes áreas: el autocuidado de la enfermera en un contexto de alta contagiosidad; la priorización en la distribución de recursos insuficientes; y la defensa de los derechos del paciente. Conclusión principal: Si bien se pueden obtener algunas respuestas a los mencionados desaf…
Usos de lo psicosocial en la investigación y tratamiento de las intersexualidades/DSD*
2016
Desde el punto de vista médico, la ‘ambigüedad sexual’ en bebés recién nacidos ha sido catalogada como una urgencia psicosocial, que dispara un protocolo de diagnóstico e intervención —quirúrgica y hormonal— para “fijar” el sexo y “corregir” el cuerpo. Desde perspectivas sociales y críticas, se prefiere hablar de variabilidad sexual, es decir, de cuerpos sexuados que no encajan con las expectativas dualistas de lo que es considerado propio de un cuerpo de hombre o de un cuerpo de mujer, o en los que diferentes componentes del sexo —cromosómico, hormonal, gonadal o anatómico— no son coherentes. En las últimas décadas, ha surgido una fuerte controversia en torno a la intersexualidad y a la ne…
Strange bedfellows: the Bundestag’s free vote on pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) reveals how Germany’s restrictive bioethics legislation is …
2015
Germany’s bioethical legislation presents a puzzle: given structural factors, the country should be at the forefront of reproductive medicine, but its embryology regime remains one of the strictest in Western Europe. Past research has linked this fact to an unusual coalition of Christian and New Left groups, which both draw a connection from modern embryology to eugenics under the Nazis. In this article, the workings of this alleged alliance are demonstrated at the micro-level for the first time. The behaviour of individual MPs in a crucial free vote on pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) is modelled using data on their political, sectoral and religious affiliations. Identifying as a …
Lie Detection: Remarks From Neuroethics
2016
El presente trabajo aborda los aspectos bioéticos derivados de los ya no tan recientes avances en Neurociencia cognitiva; especialmente las implicaciones que la introducción de las pruebas neurocientíficas en el proceso judicial penal, como la conocida técnica de detección de mentiras (prueba P.300) pueden acarrear. Como seguidamente veremos, el creciente desarrollo de la neuroimagen ha avivado la inquietud por la protección de la autonomía individual, la seguridad y la superación de interpretaciones reduccionistas contrarias a la dignidad de las personas. Cuestiones a las que están prestando atención los estudios de neuroética, los cuales, aunque empezaron su recorrido a finales de la déca…
International Bioethics Committees: Conditions for a Good Deliberation
2016
One of the most relevant effects of bioethics emergence has been the spread of deliberative bodies on bioethics matters. Their features are very wide, depending upon the entity that creates them, their regional scope, the issues they deal with, the ruling strength of their agreements, etc. Among them, international bioethics committees are particularly relevant due to the huge impact of their work on global public opinion, as well as on the policies approved by governments all around the world. These bodies are presumed to adopt their decisions, as well as the other bioethics committees, after deliberating on facts and values (Gracia 2001).
Bioetica, sacralità della vita e virtù. Osservazioni critiche su un recente libro di M. La Torre
2022
In this paper, some critical remarks on M. La Torre’s book, Bioetica in tempo di pandemia are exposed. These remarks concerns: 1) the justification of paternalism according to La Torre’s liberal account of bioethics. If paternalism is justified then it is open to debate in which sense his proposal can be labelled as “liberal”; 2) what one earns with assuming that in order to solve conflicts of values we should prefer moral specificationism in front of Alexy’s balancing between legal principles. We will show that in arguing for specificationism La Torre tries to avoid the phenomenon of tragic choice, without succeeding; 3) the lack of clarity in depicting the idea of “sacred life”. This idea…
Recensione: C. Ciancio, G. Goisis, V. Possenti, F. Totaro (a cura di), Persona. Centralità e prospettive
2022
Social Critique and Trust Dynamics
2022
This paper explores trust as an ethical dimension analyzing the case study of medical care in critical situations.
[Access to hepatitis C treatment: a lesson for the future.]
2018
L’immissione in commercio dei farmaci antivirali ad azione diretta (DAA) di nuova generazione per la terapia dell’infezione cronica da virus dell’epatite C ha rivoluzionato lo scenario precedente e ha messo a dura prova le istituzioni, a causa del prezzo elevato delle terapie. Un’analisi di quanto accaduto negli ultimi tre anni, specialmente in Italia, ci aiuta a comprendere come è stata gestita la contrattazione dei prezzi e soprattutto con quali criteri si è scelto, in una prima fase, di consentire un accesso ristretto in base al bisogno di cura dei pazienti. Ciò consente di mettere a fuoco alcuni temi importanti e di individuare le sfide che ci attendono nel prossimo futuro. The new gene…
Beneficence and equity: how the covid-19 pandemic exposed our weaknesses in Italy
2020
How did Italy face the issue of allocating beds in Intensive Care Units and ventilators during the COVID-19 outbreak? At the beginning of the epidemic, the Italian Society of Anesthesia Analgesia Resuscitation and Intensive Care issued recommendations that sparked a heated debate. Later, the National Bioethics Committee, the ethical advisory board of the Government, has issued a document, which recognizes that the only admissible criterion to employ in a "pandemic emergency triage" is a clinical criterion. The document actually doesn’t address some core ethical issues, leaving many unanswered questions.