Search results for "biologia generale"
showing 10 items of 319 documents
ANALISI DELLA COMUNITÀ MICROBICA INTESTINALE DI Reculitermes lucifugus (ROSSI) (ISOPTERA: RHINOTERMITIDAE)
2012
Reticulitermes lucifugus è una specie di termite diffusa in Italia e che causa gravi danni alle strutture legnose di monumenti storici e artistici. L’intestino delle termiti ospita una comunità microbica di batteri e flagellati, responsabile della degradazione del materiale lignocellulosico. Studi preliminari sulla comunità microbica dei simbionti di R. lucifugus, hanno descritto alcune specie di protozoi, ma non ci sono ancora informazioni sui simbionti batterici. Al fine di caratterizzare la comunità microbica intestinale di R. lucifugus è stato utilizzato un approccio molecolare coltura indipendente e colture di arricchimento per l’isolamento dei batteri cellulosolitici. Per l’analisi co…
Antimicrobial Activity of the Desert Truffles "Tirmania pinoyi" and "Terfezia claveryi" Against Human Pathogens
2015
The development of novel antimicrobials in the struggle against pathogens and antibiotic resistance is one of the most important global challenges of our time. Medicinal mushrooms represent an unlimited source of polysaccharides with nutritional, antitumoral, antibacterial and immune stimulating properties1. In recent years the traditional studies on epigeous higher Basidiomycetes have been joined by those on hypogeous fungi and in particular on the so-named “desert truffles”. Ali2 demonstrated that organic extraction of truffles of genus Tirmania and Terfezia possess antimicrobial activity with broad-spectrum effects against Gram positive, Gram negative, aerobic and anaerobic bacteria …
New antimicrobial peptides from Tirmania pinoyi and Terfezia boudieri in the struggle against antibiotic resistance
2017
Antibiotic resistance of common pathogenic microorganisms is a topic of great concern that has finally received media attention and entered into the political agenda of world leaders. Drug-resistant bacteria are cause of thousands of deaths worldwide, then there is an urgent need for new antimicrobials, otherwise we risk losing the ability to control effectively the infectious diseases. Such emergence can be faced looking also at not usual source of antimicrobial agents, for example medicinal mushrooms. With the objective to tackle Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens, we focused on two edible desert truffles mushrooms Tirmania pinoyi and Terfezia boudieri as origin of new antimicrobia…
Paracentrin1, a synthetic antimicrobial peptide fragment of a beta-thymosin from the sea-urchin Paracentrotus lividus, interferes whith staphylococca…
2014
Biodegradation of Crude Oil by Individual Strains and a Mixed Bacterial Consortium in Simulation of Marine Environment
2013
Petroleum hydrocarbons are the most widespread contaminants in the marine environment. The fate of petroleum in sea water is largely controlled by mechanical, physical and chemical factors which influencing the natural transformation of petroleum (oil weathering) and oil bio-degradation. On the basis of these considerations, bioremediation techniques have been developed and improved for cleaning up oil-polluted marine environment as alternative to chemical and physical techniques. To elucidate the cooperative action of mixed microbial populations in the biodegradation of crude oil, we constructed artificial consortia composed of two to three bacteria (Alcanivorax borkumensis strain SK2, Rho…
Diversità microbica dei sedimenti marini dell’Area Marina Protetta di Capo Gallo-Isola delle Femmine (Palermo) in relazione alla pressione antropica.
2008
I batteri costituiscono una frazione significativa della biomassa totale in mare e la loro presenza risulta ancora più accentuata nei sedimenti. Le comunità microbiche marine giocano un ruolo chiave nei processi degradativi della sostanza organica sedimentaria e nella sua reintroduzione nelle reti trofiche. Tuttavia la piccola percentuale di batteri marini coltivabili (3-7%) pone un severo limite alla conoscenza della biodiversità microbica. Allo scopo di contribuire a definire i livelli di impatto antropico compatibili con la funzione di ciascuna zona dell’Area Marina Protetta è stata caratterizzata la comunità batterica totale indigena dei sedimenti. Lo studio è stato effettuato utilizzan…
Structure and composition of intertidal biofilms which enhance the settlement of the central-Mediterranean reef builder Dendropoma cristatum (Biondi …
2019
Introduction Marine biofilms are complex matrix of microorganisms and mucopolysaccharide substances which develop on all submerged surfaces, providing a variety of physical-bio-chemical cues which affect the settlement of a wide range of benthic organisms. Biofilm community composition, 3-D structure and metabolic activity vary over time. Few studies report the biological and physical changes in marine biofilm development in relationship to their effects on benthic colonisation. Biofilm maturity has been reported to enhance the settlement rate of the central-Mediterranean Dendropoma cristatum (Biondi, 1859), an intertidal vermetid gastropod which builds up ecologically relevant reefs, subje…
Intrinsic bioremediation potential of a chronically polluted marine coastal area.
2015
A microbiological survey of the Priolo Bay (eastern coast of Sicily, Ionian Sea), a chronically polluted marine coastal area, was carried out in order to discern its intrinsic bioremediation potential. Microbiological analysis, 16S rDNA-based DGGE fingerprinting and PLFAs analysis were performed on seawater and sediment samples from six stations on two transects. Higher diversity and variability among stations was detected by DGGE in sediment than in water samples although seawater revealed higher diversity of culturable hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria. The most polluted sediment hosted higher total bacterial diversity and higher abundance and diversity of culturable HC degraders. Alkane- an…
Temporal dynamic of biofilms enhances the settlement of the central-1 Mediterranean reef2 builder Dendropoma cristatum (Biondi, 1859)
2021
Research on marine invertebrate settlement provides baseline knowledge for restoration technique implementation, especially for biogenic engineers with limited dispersion ability. Previously, we determined that the maturity of a biofilm strongly enhances the settlement of the vermetid reef-builder Dendropoma cristatum . In order to elucidate which biofilm features support a higher settlement of this species, we analyse the structure and composition of a marine biofilm over time, through microscopic observations, eukaryotic and prokaryotic fingerprinting analyses and 16S rDNA Illumina sequencing. The vermetid settlement temporal increase matched with the higher biofilm extent on the substrat…
The influence of light attenuation on the biogeomorphology of a marine karst cave: A case study of Puerto Princesa Underground River, Palawan, the Ph…
2015
Karst caves are unique biogeomorphological systems. Cave walls offer habitat for microorganisms which in-turn have a geomorphological role via their involvement in rock weathering, erosion and mineralisation. The attenuation of light with distance into caves is known to affect ecology, but the implications of this for biogeomorphological processes and forms have seldom been examined. Here we describe a semi-quantitative microscopy study comparing the extent, structure, and thickness of biocover and depth of endolithic penetration for samples of rock from the Puerto Princesa Underground River system in Palawan, the Philippines, which is a natural UNESCO World Heritage Site.\ud \ud Organic gr…