Search results for "body constitution"
showing 10 items of 50 documents
Polymorphisms in endothelin system genes, arsenic levels and obesity risk.
2015
Background/objectivesObesity has been linked to morbidity and mortality through increased risk for many chronic diseases. Endothelin (EDN) system has been related to endothelial function but it can be involved in lipid metabolism regulation: Receptor type A (EDNRA) activates lipolysis in adipocytes, the two endothelin receptors mediate arsenic-stimulated adipocyte dysfunction, and endothelin system can regulate adiposity by modulating adiponectin activity in different situations and, therefore, influence obesity development. The aim of the present study was to analyze if single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the EDN system could be associated with human obesity.Subjects/methodsWe analyz…
Adherence to the Mediterranean Lifestyle and Desired Body Weight Loss in a Mediterranean Adult Population with Overweight: A PREDIMED-Plus Study
2020
Background. Body weight dissatisfaction is a hindrance to following a healthy lifestyle and it has been associated with weight concerns. Objectives. The aim of this study was to assess the association between the adherence to the Mediterranean lifestyle (diet and exercise) and the desired body weight loss in an adult Mediterranean population with overweight. Methods. Cross-sectional analysis in 6355 participants (3268 men; 3087 women) with metabolic syndrome and BMI (Body mass index) between 27.0 and 40.0 kg/m2 (55–75 years old) from the PREDIMED-Plus trial. Desired weight loss was the percentage of weight that participants wished to lose. It was categorized into four cut-offs of this perce…
Plasma viscosity and insulin resistance in metabolic syndrome
2001
The relation between obesity, abdominal fat deposit and the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene I/D polymorphism and its association with coronary hea…
2004
To analyse the relation between overweight, obesity and fat distribution with I/D polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene and its association with coronary heart disease (CHD). Cross-sectional, case–control study. A total of 185 cases (141 males) who had suffered at least one episode of CHD and 182 controls (127 males). Body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, plasma total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL cholestrol and fasting glucose were measured with standard methods, genotyping the I/D polymorphism of ACE gene. Obesity and abdominal fat deposit are associated with CHD in women, but not independently. We have found an association between obesity and abdo…
Prevalence of overweight and obesity in a rural southern Italy population and relationships with total and cardiovascular mortality: the Ventimiglia …
2001
OBJECTIVE: We investigated the prevalence of overweight and obesity and their relationships with the main cardiovascular risk factors in the population of Ventimiglia di Sicilia, a rural village in Southern Italy characterized by low cholesterol levels and by a low incidence of early coronary heart disease mortality. We related all deaths to body weight and fat distribution during an 8 y follow-up. DESIGN: Cross-sectional and prospective observational study. SUBJECTS: A total of 835 free-living individuals, 363 males and 472 females, of age between 20 and 69 y. MEASUREMENTS: In all participants body weight, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), cardiovascular risk factors and plasma lipids were measure…
Epizootic cutaneous papillomatosis in roach Rutilus rutilus: sex and size dependence, seasonal occurrence and between-population differences.
2003
Epidemiology of epidermal papillomatosis in roach Rutilus rutilus was studied in 11 roach populations in Finland in 1999 and 2000 during the spawning period. In addition, the seasonal pattern of the disease was described in 1 population. Papilloma tumours were observed on the skin and fins of roach in 8 populations out of 11. Prevalence of papillomatosis varied from 0 to 62%, being higher in populations subject to industrial or sewage effluents. Males and large fish had higher prevalence of papilloma tumours. The disease outbreak peaked during the spawning period and signs of recovered skin on fish were observed later during the year. The gender dependence in the disease prevalence found in…
Sexual differences in larval life history traits of acanthocephalan cystacanths
2006
Sexual differences in life history traits, such as size dimorphism, presumably arise via sexual selection and are most readily observed in adults. For complex life-cycle parasites, however, sexual selection may also have consequences for larval traits, e.g., growth in intermediate hosts. Two acanthocephalan species (Acanthocephalus lucii and Echinorhynchus borealis) were studied to determine, whether larval life histories differ between males and females. The size of female A. lucii cystacanths had a much stronger relationship with intermediate host size than males, suggesting females invest more in growth and are consequently more limited by resources. No relationship between host size and…
Eight-year-old children with high cardiorespiratory fitness have lower overall and abdominal fatness.
2008
1) To examine whether cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is associated with waist circumference (WC) and overall and abdominal fatness in eight-year-old girls and boys. 2) To determine whether children with high CRF have lower WC, overall and abdominal fatness within the same body mass index (BMI) category compared with those with low CRF.A cross-sectional study of 304 eight-year-old children in Tampere, Finland whose parents responded to a postal invitation and participated in measurements.Total body fat percentage (BF%), abdominal region fat percentage (AF%), and fat-free mass (FFM) were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). WC, height and weight were measured. International BM…
Waist-to-height ratio and cardiovascular risk factors in elderly individuals at high cardiovascular risk
2012
Introduction: Several anthropometric measurements have been associated with cardiovascular disease, type-2 diabetes mellitus and other cardiovascular risk conditions, such as hypertension or metabolic syndrome. Waist-to-height-ratio has been proposed as a useful tool for assessing abdominal obesity, correcting other measurements for the height of the individual. We compared the ability of several anthropometric measurements to predict the presence of type-2 diabetes, hyperglycemia, hypertension, atherogenic dyslipidemia or metabolic syndrome. Materials and Methods: In our cross-sectional analyses we included 7447 Spanish individuals at high cardiovascular risk, men aged 55-80 years and wome…
Independence between developmental stability and canalization in the skull of the house mouse.
2000
The relationship between the two components of developmental homeostasis, that is canalization and developmental stability (DS), is currently debated. To appraise this relationship, the levels and morphological patterns of interindividual variation and fluctuating asymmetry were assessed using a geometric morphometric approach applied to the skulls of laboratory samples of the house mouse. These three samples correspond to two random-bred strains of the two European subspecies of the house mouse and their F1 hybrids. The inter- and intraindividual variation levels were found to be smaller in the hybrid group compared to the parental ones, suggesting a common heterotic effect on skull canali…