Search results for "bolus"
showing 10 items of 125 documents
Titrated hypertonic/hyperoncotic solution for hypotensive fluid resuscitation during uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock in rats.
2002
In volume- or pressure-controlled hemorrhagic shock (HS) a bolus intravenous infusion of hypertonic/hyperoncotic solution (HHS) proved beneficial compared to isotonic crystalloid solutions. During uncontrolled HS in animals, however, HHS by bolus increased blood pressure unpredictably, and increased blood loss and mortality. We hypothesized that a titrated i.v. infusion of HHS, compared to titrated lactated Ringer's solution (LR), for hypotensive fluid resuscitation during uncontrolled HS reduces fluid requirement, does not increase blood loss, and improves survival.We used our three-phased uncontrolled HS outcome model in rats. HS phase I began with blood withdrawal of 3 ml/100g over 15 mi…
Neuroprotection and glutamate attenuation by acetylsalicylic acid in temporary but not in permanent cerebral ischemia.
2007
To assess the effects of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) on glutamate and interleukin-6 (IL-6) release in the striatum of rats suffering from cerebral ischemia, we used the microdialysis technique with probes implanted 2 h prior to stroke onset. A total of 36 rats were randomly assigned to either temporary (90 min, n = 18) or permanent (n = 18) middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Animals received either a bolus of 40 mg/kg ASA or saline as control 30 min after stroke onset. Permanent MCAO led to large infarct volumes with no differences between treatment with ASA (239.8 ± 4.1 mm3) and saline (230.1 ± 3.9 mm3, p = 0.15). In contrast, ASA therapy in temporary ischemia (87.2 ± 6.2 mm3) reduced…
Raltitrexed plus levofolinic acid and bolus/continuous infusion 5-fluorouracil on a biweekly schedule for elderly patients with advanced colorectal c…
2006
BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the raltitrexed/5-fluorouracil/levofolinic acid combination regimen as first-line chemotherapy for elderly patients with advanced/metastatic colorectal cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Previously untreated patients with metastatic colorectal cancer received raltitrexed 2 mg/m(2) i.v. plus levofolinic acid and 5-fluorouracil according to the De Gramont' schedule given every 2 weeks as first-line chemotherapy. Patients were re-evaluated after six cycles and chemotherapy was continued up to tolerance or disease progression. RESULTS: Seventy patients aged >/=65 years were accrued from 11 centers between September 2001 and …
Efficacy of FOLFIRI-3 (irinotecan D1,D3 combined with LV5-FU) or other irinotecan-based regimens in oxaliplatin-pretreated metastatic colorectal canc…
2009
Abstract Background: Second-line irinotecan-based chemotherapy is commonly used in metastatic colorectal cancers after first-line oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy. No standard schedule of irinotecan has been established in this situation. Patients and methods: Metastatic colorectal cancer patients included in the OPTIMOX1 phase III study received first-line oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy (FOLFOX). No second line was defined in the protocol, but data concerning second line were prospectively registered. Inclusion criterion was patients receiving an irinotecan-based second-line chemotherapy. Second-line progression-free survival (PFS) and tumor response were evaluated according to type of irino…
Delivery of epirubicin via slow infusion as a strategy to mitigate chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity
2017
Background Continuous infusion of doxorubicin has been a strategy to reduce cardiotoxicity. Epirubicin is another anthracycline in common clinical use. However, evidence is lacking regarding whether this strategy can reduce cardiotoxicity of epirubicin without compromising antineoplastic efficacy. Design and methods Healthy rats were randomized into groups: epirubicin (8 mg/kg) delivered intraperitoneally via micro osmotic pumps (MOP), epirubicin (8 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal (IP) bolus injection, and placebo control. Blood samples were collected for analyzing biomarkers of myocardial injury and pharmacokinetics. At chosen times, sub-groups of animals were sacrificed for histopathology. A mo…
C1-Esterase-Inhibitor Treatment at Early Reperfusion of Hemorrhagic Shock Reduces Mesentery Leukocyte Adhesion and Rolling
2001
Objective: Complement activation probably plays a pathogenic role in multiple organ failure in shock. This study evaluates the effects of C1-esterase-inhibitor treatment on leukocyte-endothelial interaction in the mesenteric microcirculation in hemorrhagic shock. Methods: Rats underwent median laparotomy and exteriorization of an ileal loop for intravital microscopy of the mesenteric microcirculation. Volume controlled hemorrhagic shock was provoked by arterial blood withdrawal (2.5 mL/ 100 g body wt. for 60 minutes) followed by a 4-hour reperfusion period. C1-INH (100 IU/kg body wt. i.v.) or 0.9% NaCl i.v. were administered as a bolus at the beginning of reperfusion. Reperfusion time mimic…
Understanding aroma release from model cheeses by a statistical multiblock approach on oral processing
2013
For human beings, the mouth is the first organ to perceive food and the different signalling events associated to food breakdown. These events are very complex and as such, their description necessitates combining different data sets. This study proposed an integrated approach to understand the relative contribution of main food oral processing events involved in aroma release during cheese consumption. In vivo aroma release was monitored on forty eight subjects who were asked to eat four different model cheeses varying in fat content and firmness and flavoured with ethyl propanoate and nonan-2-one. A multiblock partial least square regression was performed to explain aroma release from the…
Early Seizures After Acute Stroke: A Study of 1,640 Cases
1994
We evaluated prospectively the occurrence of seizures within 15 days of a first stroke or transient ischemic episode in 1,640 patients to study relation between seizures and type of stroke. Seizures occurred in 90 patients (5.4%), including 36 (4.4%) of 814 with infarct owing to atheroma, 21 (16.6%) of 126 with infarct owing to cardiogenic embolus, 3 (1%) of 273 owing to lacunar infarct, 5 (1.9%) of 259 owing to transient ischemic attack (TIA), 21 (16.2%) of 129 owing to supratentorial hematoma, and 4 (16.6%) of 24 owing to subarachnoid hemorrhage. Thirteen (14.6%) of 89 subcortical infarcts were associated with seizures. Seizures were the initial sign of stroke in 80 (89%) of 90 cases and …
An early bolus of hypertonic saline hydroxyethyl starch improves long-term outcome after global cerebral ischemia.
2006
Objective: The beneficial effect of hypertonic saline solutions in the emergency treatment of shock and traumatic brain injury is well described. The present study determines effects of a single bolus of hypertonic saline on long-term survival, neurologic function, and neuronal survival 10 days after global cerebral ischemia. In addition, we evaluated the therapeutic window for hypertonic saline treatment (early vs. delayed application). Design: Laboratory experiment. Setting: University laboratory. Subjects: Male Wistar rats weighing 240‐330 g. Interventions: Rats were submitted to temporal global cerebral ischemia using temporary bilateral carotid occlusion combined with hypobaric hypoten…
Propofol sedation administered by cardiologists without assisted ventilation for long cardiac interventions: an assessment of 1000 consecutive patien…
2011
Aims Patients can expect a cure from atrial fibrillation (AF) with ablation. Procedural safety and success depend on patient comfort, compliance, and immobility. This is difficult to achieve with benzodiazepine and opiate boluses that are the mainstay of current practice. We sought to determine the safety and efficacy of propofol infusion sedation administered to patients without assisted ventilation for AF ablation. Methods and results Procedural data from 1000 consecutive patients undergoing AF ablation were analysed. Sedation with 2% propofol was used in all procedures without assisted ventilation and was administered, monitored, and controlled by electrophysiologists. Primary outcome me…