Search results for "bond"

showing 10 items of 3527 documents

Mechanical Behavior of Steel Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Beams Bonded with External Carbon Fiber Sheets

2017

This study investigates the mechanical behavior of steel fiber-reinforced concrete (SFRC) beams internally reinforced with steel bars and externally bonded with carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets fixed by adhesive and hybrid jointing techniques. In particular, attention is paid to the load resistance and failure modes of composite beams. The steel fibers were used to avoiding the rip-off failure of the concrete cover. The CFRP sheets were fixed to the concrete surface by epoxy adhesive as well as combined with various configurations of small-diameter steel pins for mechanical fastening to form a hybrid connection. Such hybrid jointing techniques were found to be particularly adva…

Digital image correlationMaterials science020101 civil engineering02 engineering and technologyFiber-reinforced concreteArticle0201 civil engineeringlaw.inventionBrittlenesslawResidual stressadhesive-mechanical connectionGeneral Materials ScienceFiberComposite materialexternal CFRP sheetsConcrete coverbusiness.industrydebonding failureStructural engineering021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologymechanical testingsteel fibers reinforced concreteadhesive-mechanical connection; debonding failure; external CFRP sheets; mechanical testing; steel fibers reinforced concreteAdhesiveDeformation (engineering)0210 nano-technologybusinessMaterials
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A dynamic panel study on digitalization and firm's agility: What drives agility in advanced economies 2009–2018

2021

Abstract Firm agility today is not a factor of competitiveness or success but a survival instrument on the market. Disruptive innovations and technological advancement, together with digitalization, change the role of firm agility. We show that the link between the national/industry level of digitalization and firm agility is statistically robust and essential. We study the link on data from 2009 to 2018 in fifteen EU advanced economies using dynamic panel data modeling. The digitalization impact level differs across firms by ownership type (family to non-family firms). Agility in family firms is strongly influenced by the national/industry level of digitization and investments in intangibl…

Digitalization Agility Family firms Non-family firms Dynamic panel Arellano-Bond020209 energy05 social sciences02 engineering and technologyInvestment (macroeconomics)Human capitalManagement of Technology and InnovationCapital (economics)0502 economics and business0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringBusinessTechnological advanceBusiness and International ManagementElasticity coefficientDeveloped country050203 business & managementApplied PsychologyDigitizationIndustrial organizationPanel dataTechnological Forecasting and Social Change
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Reactions of azoesters and dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate with 3-methyl-1,2,4-triazole-5-thione

1991

The addition of dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate to 3-methyl-1,2,4-triazole-5-thione (1), both in alcoholic medium and in inert solvents, has been investigated. When 1 was allowed to react with diethyl azodicarboxylate a disulfide 5 was obtained.

Dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylateDiethyl azodicarboxylatechemistry.chemical_compoundAzo compoundchemistryOrganic ChemistryDisulfide bond124-TriazoleMedicinal chemistryJournal of Heterocyclic Chemistry
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Toward an Understanding of the Molecular Mechanism of the Reaction between 1-Methylpyrrole and Dimethyl Acetylenedicarboxylate. An ab Initio Study

1998

The molecular mechanism for the reaction between 1-methylpyrrole and dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate (DMAD) has been studied using ab initio methods. Two alternative reaction pathways have been considered, both of which correspond to stepwise processes with initial, rate-determining formation of a common zwitterionic intermediate. This intermediate is formed by nucleophilic attack of the pyrrole ring to the carbon−carbon triple bond of DMAD. Closure of this intermediate (pathway A) affords a [4 + 2] cycloadduct, whereas intramolecular proton transfer (pathway B) affords a Michael adduct. The much larger potential energy barrier of the second step in pathway B relative to pathway A is respon…

Dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylatechemistry.chemical_compoundNucleophileChemistryComputational chemistryIntramolecular forceOrganic ChemistryAb initioSolvent effectsTriple bondPolarizable continuum modelPyrroleThe Journal of Organic Chemistry
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(Invited) The Effect of (La,Sr)MnO 3 Cathode Surface Termination on Its Electronic Structure

2017

La1-xSrxMnO3 (LSM) was one of the first perovskites used as SOFC cathode material. Its (001) surface has two possible terminations, LaSrO and MnO2, with quite different properties and oxygen reduction efficiencies. To avoid effects of surface polarity and the dipole moment across the material, symmetric non-stoichiometric slabs are commonly used in theoretical calculations with identical terminating planes on its both sides. We analyzed the dependence of the electronic structure (density of states) and charge distribution (effective atomic charges and chemical bond covalency) on the slab termination and Mn ion oxidation state (controlled by the Sr content and slab nonstoichiometry).

DipoleCondensed matter physicsChemical bondChemistrylawDensity of statesSlabCharge densityElectronic structureCathodeIonlaw.inventionECS Transactions
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<title>Thermostimulated electronic and ionic processes in irradiated sapphire</title>

2003

Electronic and ionic thermostimulated (TS) relaxation (TSR) processes in nominally pure sapphire (α-Al2O3 grown with oxygen deficiency) have been investigated at 290 - 650 K by means of the TS current (TSC), ionic depolarization current (TSDC) and electron emission (TSEE) techniques. After thermal (ionic) polarization of the reduced sapphire wide (approximately 75 K) and asymmetric ionic dipolar TSDC peak at 590 K (disorientation of the anion vacancy-related dipoles) was detected. Above 450 - 500 K the anion vacancy hopping (migration) starts and their interaction with defects take place. This can lead to lattice dynamic disordering and anion vacancy diffusion-controlled processes in sapphi…

DipoleCrystallographyMaterials scienceImpurityElectric fieldVacancy defectAnalytical chemistrySapphireIonic bondingGrain boundaryIonSPIE Proceedings
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Thermometric study of the dissociation equilibria of the maleinimidodioxime

1982

The values of the dissociation constants of the maleinimidodioxime are potentiometrically determined at various ionic strengths, and extrapolated to zero ionic strength (pK1T=10.41;pk2T=11.60). From these values and from the thermometric titration curves the enthalpies of neutralization (ΔHN1=−21.76,ΔHN2=−23.77 kJ/mol) and the thermodynamic parameters of dissociation of this substance at 25.0 °C are determined (ΔG1θ=59.41,ΔG2θ=66.23,ΔH1θ=34.06,ΔH2θ=32.05 kJ/mol;ΔS1θ=−85.06,ΔS2θ=−114.64 J/(K mol)).

Dissociation constantIonic strengthChemistryThermodynamicsPhysical chemistryIonic bondingDissociation (chemistry)Thermometric titrationJournal of Thermal Analysis
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Urbach absorption edge of silica: reduction of glassy disorder by fluorine doping

2004

Abstract The vacuum-ultraviolet fundamental absorption edge (‘Urbach edge’) of four types of synthetic silica glasses, ‘wet’, ‘dry’, and doped by 570 and 6010 ppm wt. fluorine, was studied in the absorption coefficient range (1 cm−1–500 cm−1) at room temperature. The absorption edge has exponential form in agreement with the Urbach’s rule. The well-documented increase of vacuum-ultraviolet transparency upon fluorine doping is due to a steeper absorption edge (shorter ‘Urbach tail’) as compared to undoped silicas. The increase of the edge slope in F-doped silica occurs already the lower dopant concentration (570 ppm), the slope does not increase further in the 6010 ppm doped glass. These fin…

DopantAbsorption spectroscopyChemistryDopingAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementEdge (geometry)Condensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsAbsorption edgeChemical bondAttenuation coefficientMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesFluorineJournal of Non-Crystalline Solids
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Silver ion chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in the structural analysis of cyclic dienoic acids formed in frying oils

1995

The nature of the cyclic monoenoic fatty acids formed from linoleic acid in sunflower oil heated to 275°C has been determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of the picolinyl ester derivatives, before and after hydrogenation and deuteration, and following simplification by silver ion high-performance liquid chromatography. In addition, they were examined by gas chromatography-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Cyclopentene fatty acids (50% of the total monoenes) were formed from C-8 to C-12 and C-10 to C-14 of the original chain in equal amounts with unique stereochemistry. In some isomers the double bond appeared to remain in its original position, and in others it migrated t…

Double bond030309 nutrition & dieteticsLinoleic acid[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]Stereoisomerism01 natural sciencesBiochemistryHigh-performance liquid chromatography03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundCyclopenteneOrganic chemistryCyclopentaneMolecular BiologyComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSchemistry.chemical_classification0303 health sciencesChromatography010401 analytical chemistryOrganic ChemistryFatty acidCell Biology0104 chemical sciences[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]chemistryGas chromatography
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Lanthanum-pyBOX complexes as catalysts for the enantioselective conjugate addition of malonate esters to β,γ-unsaturated α-ketimino esters

2018

[EN] In this paper, we report the application of chiral complexes of La(III) with pyBOX ligands as Lewis acid catalysts in the conjugate addition of malonic esters to N-tosyl imines derived from ß,gamma-unsaturated alfa-keto esters to give the corresponding chiral alfa,ß-dehydroamino esters. pyBOX complexes with La(III), Yb(III), Sc(III), and In(III) triflates were assessed in this reaction but only La(III) showed good activity and enantioselectivity, while Yb(III) provided the expected product with low yield and stereoselectivity, and the Sc(III) and In(III) complexes were completely inactive. The complex of La(OTf)3 with the diphenyl-pyBOX ligand prepared in situ provided the best results…

Double bondEnantioselectivity010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesMedicinal chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundCatàlisiMichael additionAsymmetric catalysisMaterials ChemistryLewis acids and basesPhysical and Theoretical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_classification010405 organic chemistryDiastereomerEnantioselective synthesisLanthanide complexes0104 chemical sciencesMalonatechemistryFISICA APLICADAMichael reactionStereoselectivityEnantiomerQuímica orgànica
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