Search results for "bond"
showing 10 items of 3527 documents
Family business internationalization: an insight into opportunities and challenges.
2020
The theme of internationalization in family businesses is a highly topical issue that is increasingly attracting management scholars. This is because, in addition of being a particular type of business (Alcorn, 1982), they play a central role in most economies worldwide. Accounting for 65-80 percent of all the world’s firms, they generate around 70-90 percent of annual global GDP, and are the source of 50-80 percent of new jobs in most countries. Their essence lies in the close bond they have with their founders and above all, in the family’s involvement in the business ownership and management (Franco and Prata, 2019). This bond may prove to be a limit for fuelling internationalization pro…
Transport properties of an ionic magnetic colloid: experimental study of increasing the ionic strength
2002
Abstract The phase separation of an ionic magnetic colloid in zero magnetic field by increasing the ionic strength is well known [Universite Paris VI, France, 1987; J. Colloid Interface Sci. 132 (1989) 1]. The present work deals with investigation of an ionic ferrofluid by increasing the ionic strength in the range of 0–0.14 mol/l, being safely below the threshold value at which the effect of phase separation occurs. By the optical grid setup [Fourth International conference PAMIR, France, 2000], the main transport properties of a ferrofluid, i.e. translational mass diffusion and thermal diffusion (Soret) coefficients, are measured. The obtained results show a strong dependence of mass diff…
Hydrogen bonding versus π-stacking in ferromagnetic interactions. Studies on a copper triazolopyridine complex
2013
Magnetic susceptibility measurements show weak ferromagnetic exchange between the copper(II) ions of a novel triazolopyridine derivative [Cu(TPT)(H2O)2(BF4)](BF4)·2H2O (TPT = 3-{6-([1,2,3]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrid-3-yl)-2-pyridyl}-[1,2,3]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridine). Mononuclear [Cu(TPT)(H2O)2(BF4)]+ entities are connected through O–H⋯F, C–H⋯F and π⋯π interactions to give a 3D framework. Ferromagnetic properties are discussed on the basis of the interactions network.
Minimum bond length and size effects in FRP-substrate bonded joints
2009
The load transfer mechanism between the fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) materials and the substrate plays a crucial role in the overall response of retrofitted structural members. The FRP–support material interface can be studied by using pull tests in which a reinforcement plate is bonded to a prism and subjected to a tensile force. The experimental results obtained regard the assembly (FRP strip-support block), then a central problem is how to carry out the interface constitutive laws and the related parameters. The principal objective of the present paper is to contrive a procedure which, for a fixed interface constitutive law, permits to derive the interface mechanical parameters from th…
New Approaches to Regulating the Activities of Rating Agencies: A Comparative Analysis
2016
Abstract Rating agencies have become an important part of the global financial landscape. Formation of credit ratings is specified by the inherent asymmetry of financial market information and general interest in the transformation of a large amount of diverse and segmented financial information in a simple and clear assessment of the credit surveillance of borrowers that is credit rating. The world financial crisis started in 2008 has again put on the agenda the question of rating assessment accuracy and the factors influencing the rating migration. The activity of rating agencies, until recently, has had little regulation, allowing rating agencies to avoid responsibility for inaccuracies …
How Financial Freedom and Integration Change Public Debt Impact on Financial Development in the Asia-Pacific: A Panel Smooth Transition Regression Ap…
2018
This study investigates the non‐linear effect of fiscal policy (measured by total domestic public sector debt) on the level of financial development, using a balanced panel of 22 economies in the Asia‐Pacific region. Governments in less developed financial institutional infrastructure (for instance, emerging markets) tend to abuse their power by intervening in the domestic debt market. This study shows that better financial institutional infrastructure helps to discipline governments. The results suggest a negative effect of domestic public sector debt on financial development, but only at low level of financial freedom and integration. Higher financial freedom and financial integration wou…
PRIVATE FINANCING ALTERNATIVES FOR INFRASTRUCTURE OF STATE OWNED ENTERPRISES
2018
The aim of the article is to examine infrastructure classification and assess private financing alternativesfor major groups of physical infrastructure under ownership of state owned enterprises in Latvia.Tasks of the research include examining types infrastructure with a focus on physical infrastructure,explaining importance of physical infrastructure to economy of a country and society, studying physicalinfrastructure financing challenges and problems, conducting a research on a state owned enterprisesin Latvia, which own physical infrastructure, conducting expert interviews to reveal key challenges ofprivate financing alternatives for funding of infrastructure of state owned enterprises …
Project finance in the energy industry: new debt-based financing models
2012
The paper aims to examine the development of new financing models for project finance to attract private investors to finance large European energy infrastructure projects. In particular, the paper investigates the uniqueness of the project finance as a rapidly growing field in finance, the financial characteristics of the project bond market as one of the vehicles for funding energy projects, and the role of the credit support provided by the European Investment Bank and the European Union to promote the bond-based financing schemes. The paper is organized as follows. Section 1 provides a general description of project finance. Section 2 identifies the economic reasons for using project fi…
Interdependence between Green Financial Instruments and Major Conventional Assets: A Wavelet-Based Network Analysis
2021
This paper examines the interdependence between green financial instruments, represented by green bonds and green stocks, and a set of major conventional assets, such as Treasury, investment-grade and high-yield corporate bonds, general stocks, crude oil, and gold. To that end, a novel wavelet-based network approach that allows for assessing the degree of interconnection between green financial products and traditional asset classes across different investment horizons is applied. The empirical results show that green bonds are tightly linked to Treasury and investment-grade corporate bonds, while green stocks are strongly tied to general stocks, regardless of the specific time period and i…
A Stochastic Programming Model for the Optimal Issuance of Government Bonds
2010
Sovereign states issue fixed and floating securities to fund their public debt. The value of such portfolios strongly depends on the fluctuations of the term structure of interest rates. This is a typical example of planning under uncertainty, where decisions has to be drawn on the base of the key stochastic economic factors underneath the model.We propose a multistage stochastic programming model to select portfolios of bonds, where the aim of the decision maker is that of minimizing the cost of the decision process. At the same time, we bound the conditional Value-at-Risk, a measure of risk which accounts for the losses of the tail distribution. We build an efficient frontier to trade-off…