Search results for "borrowing"
showing 10 items of 34 documents
Household Optimism and Borrowing
2012
A unique Finnish household-level data from 1994 to 2009 allow us to measure how households’ financial expectations are related to the subsequent outcomes. We use the difference between the two to measure forecast errors and household optimism and link the errors to households’ borrowing behaviour. We find that households making greatest optimistic forecast errors carry greater levels of debt and are most likely to suffer from excessive debt loads (overindebtedness). They also are less attentive to forecast errors than their pessimistic counterparts when forming their expectations for a subsequent period.
Pauline E. Hopkins's Intertextual Aesthetics in Contending Forces
2017
Pauline E. Hopkins‘s attitude towards fiction as a terrain where political and social truths could be uttered, helped her establish a new hybrid writing paradigm in Contending Forces, her historical romance. The extraordinary intertextual load of references, verbatim borrowings and changed citations, her Emersonian ―noble borrowing,‖ is in fact both an audacious maneuvering of popular literature, and a systematic and subversive redrafting of preceding canonical texts from the Anglo-American literary traditions and of contemporary historical political testimonies. Hopkins‘s palimpsestic aesthetics recreate a sense of African American literary interventions aimed at recomposing a new black ar…
Credit Risk and Simulated Spreads Risk Adjusted for Italian Regions.
2009
We analyse the idiosyncratic and systematic elements influencing Italian firms’ probability of default (PD) and examine the relationship between credit risk and borrowing conditions at a regional level. This paper, using regression analysis, examines the causal relationship between PD of a representative sample of Italian firms, together with accounting variables at firm level and macroeconomic data. The underlying hypothesis examines if the riskiness of Italian firms is influenced exclusively by their specific characteristics or, more generally, depends also on the spatial environment where they operate. According to the literature, the interregional differentials in the cost of money depe…
The Introduction of the “Balanced Budget” Principle into the Italian Constitution: What Perspectives for the Financial Autonomy of Regional and Local…
2013
This paper analyses the impact on regional and local authorities of Articles 117 and 119 of the Italian Constitution as amended by Constitutional Law no. 1/2012. In particular, it attempts to verify whether the new formulation of these constitutional provisions materializes the risk of a significant reduction in the financial autonomy of both Regions and Local Governments. With the constitutional reform the legislative competence of “harmonization of public account” has become an exclusive State competence, the “balanced budget” principle has been extended to Regions and local authorities and public borrowing has been broadly prohibited. What is the actual significance of the changes introd…
β-Amino alcohols from anilines and ethylene glycol through heterogeneous Borrowing Hydrogen reaction
2017
Abstract Borrowing Hydrogen (BH), also called Hydrogen Autotransfer (HA), reaction with neat ethylene glycol represents a key step in the preparation of β-amino alcohols. However, due to the stability of ethylene glycol, mono-activation has rarely been achieved. Herein, a combination of Pd/C and ZnO is reported as heterogeneous catalyst for this BH/HA reaction. This system results in an extremely air and moisture stable, and economic catalyst able to mono-functionalize ethylene glycol in water, without further activation of the diol. In this work, different diols and aromatic amines have been explored affording a new approach towards amino alcohols. This study reveals how the combination of…
Translingvistiskie elementi biznesa medijos
2018
Vēsturiskā saskarsme starp kultūrām, tehnoloģisko inovāciju parādīšanās, globalizācija un internacionalizācija ir tikai daži no faktoriem, kas ir veicinājuši angļu valodas globālu lietojumu un leksisko aizgūšanu no angļu valodas. Šī pētījuma mērķis ir analizēt anglicismu lietojumu rakstos par uzņēmējdarbību Spānijas tiešsaistes laikrakstā „El País”. Kvantitatīvā un kvalitatīvā analīze tiek izmantota, lai klasificētu un analizētu apkopoto datu krājumu, kas sastāv no 164 anglicismiem. Galvenie rezultāti liecina par to, ka ziņu rakstos parasti tiek izmantoti nepielāgoti anglicismi. Tas ir acīm redzams, ka valodas uzskatīšana par fiksētu sistēmu ar noteiktām robežām ir apstrīdēta, un to ierosin…
FACTORS PROMOTING LINGUISTIC BORROWING
2013
The borrowing of English words in contemporary Romanian is a phenomenon which has fuelled a considerable amount of public debate, sometimes being described as an invasion and a threat to the language. In this context, the analysis of those factors that promote inter-language transfers in general can help us understand the mechanisms of this complex process, and encourage a more realistic and objective attitude towards it. The present paper reviews some of the most important contributions on the topic to date, describing the most important factors that promote borrowing, both in isolation and in relation to each other.
Revising the history of Nitchevo with text archives
2022
This article focuses on the way nitchevo, a nineteenth-century Russian borrowing, was adopted into the English language. In order to investigate the history of the word, six digital text archives were considered. The results of the research are promising: not only do they allow one to trace antedatings for both senses, which updates the treatment of nitchevo in the Oxford English Dictionary (OED), but they also shed light on its semantic development, spelling variation, and route of transmission. Tellingly, albeit unsurprisingly, the evidence suggests that the press is responsible for boosting the recognition of the word on both sides of the Atlantic. All this indicates that the potential o…
Verifica del merito creditizio, responsabilità del finanziatore e "indebitamento incauto"
2014
La tesi analizza la nuova disciplina europea sul credito ai consumatori, introdotta dalla direttiva 2008/48/Ce, recepita nel nostro ordinamento con il d.lgs. n. 141/2010, che ha modificato il Testo unico bancario (d.lgs n. 385/1993). In particolare, si sofferma sull'obbligo di verifica del merito creditizio, previsto dall'art. 124 bis Tub, e sulla responsabilità del finanziatore che concede credito senza osservare il disposto della norma suddetta. Dopo aver ascritto alla responsabilità "da contatto sociale" la condotta del prestatore che concede credito in maniera poco accorta (non senza precisare che in ultima istanza la concessione disinvolta di credito avrà riflessi sulle condizioni cont…
INTERFERENCE PHENOMENA IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE LEARNING- SOME OBSERVATIONS FROM ROMANIAN-ENGLISH CONTACT
2012
Foreign language learning is the locus of varying degrees of interference from the learner’s first language (L1), the product of this influence being called interlanguage. As such, it is important to identify those areas of the L1 which could lead to negative transfers into the target language and thus result in imperfect learning. The present paper is concerned with English learning by speakers of Romanian, and analyses possible L1 retentions resulting from the use of English borrowings that diverge grammatically from their original counterparts. The particular cases described will be those of borrowed words which have undergone a process of conversion, and the use of bilingual verb phrase…