Search results for "bowel"
showing 10 items of 637 documents
Non-celiac wheat sensitivity: rationality and irrationality of a gluten-free diet in individuals affected with non-celiac disease: a review
2021
AbstractNon-celiac gluten or wheat sensitivity (NCWS) is a “clinical entity induced by the ingestion of wheat leading to intestinal and/or extraintestinal symptoms that improve once the wheat-containing foodstuff is removed from the diet, and celiac disease and wheat allergy have been excluded”. This mostly accepted definition raises several points that remain controversial on this condition. In the present review, the authors summarize the most recent advances in the clinic and research on NCWS through an accurate analysis of different studies. We screened PubMed, Medline, Embase, and Scopus using the keywords “non-celiac gluten sensitivity”, “non-celiac wheat sensitivity”, and “diagnosis”…
Postoperative maintenance therapy for inflammatory bowel disease.
2006
. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2006 Jul;22(4):377-81. Postoperative maintenance therapy for inflammatory bowel disease. Cottone M, Orlando A, Modesto I. Department of General Medicine, Pneumology and Nutrition Clinic, Palermo University, Palermo, Italy. PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review will highlight the knowledge gained from studies published in the year 2005 on maintenance treatment after surgery for inflammatory bowel diseases. RECENT FINDINGS: In Crohn's disease the role of smoking in increasing the risk of relapse and recurrence after surgery is confirmed. Ornidazole seems effective in reducing endoscopic recurrence and clinical relapse after surgery. Probiotics do not appear to be effective…
Structural alterations of faecal and mucosa-associated bacterial communities in irritable bowel syndrome
2012
Summary Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the most common functional gastrointestinal disorder in western coun- tries. Previous studies on IBS, mostly based on faecal samples, suggest alterations in the intestinal micro- biota. However, no consensus has been reached regarding the association between specific bacteria and IBS. We explore the alterations of intestinal bac- terial communities in IBS using massive sequencing of amplified 16S rRNA genes. Mucosal biopsies of the ascending and descending colon and faeces from 16 IBS patients and 9 healthy controls were analysed. Strong inter-individual variation was observed in the composition of the bacterial communities in both patients and cont…
Natural History of Mesenteric Venous Thrombosis: A Large Multicentre Study
2008
Abstract Introduction: Mesenteric venous thrombosis (MVT) is an uncommon but potentially life-threatening disease, accounting for 5–15% of mesenteric ischemic events. Most cases of MVT are either identified at laparotomy or at autopsy, with a mortality rate of approximately 50% in old series. Advances in imaging techniques have facilitated the early diagnosis of MVT and, thus, have contributed to a decrease in mortality in the more recent series. The treatment of MVT involves anticoagulation alone or in combination with surgery. Experts suggest that MVT can safely be managed without surgery if there is no evidence of bowel infarction. However, information on the natural history of MVT and o…
Management of patients with Intestinal Bowel Disease and COVID-19: A review of current evidence and future perspectives
2022
La pandemia por COVID-19 ha supuesto un reto para los países y sus profesionales sanitarios. La entrada viral en el hospedador a través del receptor ACE-2 y una activación excesiva del sistema inmunológico son claves para comprender tanto la incidencia como la gravedad de la enfermedad. La enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal (EII) representa una condición especial asociada con una respuesta descontrolada del sistema inmunológico a agentes externos. Los tratamientos para la EII se han asociado con un mayor riesgo de infecciones bacterianas y virales. Esto ha planteado la cuestión de una posible mayor incidencia y gravedad de la infección por COVID-19 en pacientes con EII. A lo largo de este a…
Oral administration of taurolidine ameliorates chronic DSS colitis in mice.
2007
Taurolidine (TRD) has antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the anti-inflammatory effects of TRD in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) have not been investigated. Here, we have analyzed the toxicity of TRD after oral long-term application in mice and examined the impact of oral TRD in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) model of experimental colitis. Female C57/BL6 mice received TRD in various concentrations (0.1% to 0.4%) for 60 days. Toxicity was evaluated by use of a disease activity index (DAI) and histological examination of major metabolic organs. Furthermore, the impact of 0.2% TRD on a chronic DSS colitis was examined by daily DAI, histological crypt damage score (CDS),…
Virtual chromoendoscopy with iSCAN as an alternative method to dye-spray chromoendoscopy for dysplasia detection in long-standing colonic inflammator…
2021
Patients with long-standing colonic inflammatory bowel disease (cIBD) are at increased risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC). Dye-spray chromoendoscopy (DCE) with targeted biopsies is the preferred technique for surveillance of dysplasia. Virtual chromoendoscopy (VCE) are arising to improve detection rates and adherence to surveillance guidelines, although its role is not yet well defined. The purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness of VCE with iSCAN as an alternative method for dysplasia detection in cIBD.Retrospective case-control study with 191 patients included, 98 in the DCE (Indigo carmine) group and 93 in the VCE (iSCAN, twin-mode 1-3) group. The dysplasia detection…
Mesalazine for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease
2013
Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) represent a chronic inflammatory condition of the bowel that often require lifelong medical therapy for the induction and maintenance of the remission. Mesalazine therapies are available both as oral delayed-release and sustained-release formulation, topical formulations and as prodrug.Available literature regarding mesalazine is extensively reviewed in this article, covering its mechanism of action, pharmaceutics and pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy, safety and tolerability in different settings.Mesalazine has a well-established role in the management of UC. It is the treatment of choice in active and inactive mild-to-moderate UC combinin…
The Selective Use of Combination Therapy in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Resistant to Anti-TNF: to Whom, How and How Long?
2016
Sir, We read with interest the recent work by Peyrin-Biroulet and colleagues on the long-term outcome for patients starting anti-TNF monotherapy for Crohn’s disease [CD] and for those needing the addition of an immunomodulator [IM].1 We agree with the main finding of the study, i.e. starting with anti-TNF monotherapy does not worsen long-term disease outcomes. This is in line with data from the literature2 and with our recent prospective study on the concomitant use of an IM and infliximab [IFX] in patients with CD or ulcerative colitis who have had a primary or secondary non-response to IFX monotherapy3: …
Constipation severity is associated with productivity losses and healthcare utilization in patients with chronic constipation
2014
OBJECTIVE: We sought to evaluate the association between constipation severity, productivity losses and healthcare utilization in a national sample of Italian patients with chronic non-organic constipation (CC). METHODS: We enrolled 878 outpatients with CC. Clinical and demographic data were collected by physicians during clinical examinations. Patients completed a self-administered questionnaire (Patient Assessment of Constipation-Symptoms, PAC-SYM; Work Productivity and Activity Impairment; healthcare utilization, and Symptoms Checklist 90 Revised - Somatization Scale, SCL-90 R). RESULTS: Mean PAC-SYM score was 1.62 ± 0.69. Mean weekly sick time due to constipation was 2.7 ± 8.6 h and pro…