Search results for "bud"
showing 10 items of 637 documents
Vernacular budgeting and accounting routines – a longitudinal constructive case study
2022
PurposeThis case study aims to report a longitudinal analysis of the development and use of local “vernacular” accounting practice and a digital rolling-forecast system known as TeamBudget in a public sector organization.Design/methodology/approachThe study employs the constructive research approach which utilizes participative observation in the development of TeamBudget over the 15 years since 2004. The empirical data utilized includes eight interviews and documentary data for the system created.FindingsThe study demonstrates how the actions of employees responsible for developing a locally relevant financial planning system, TeamBudget, facilitated the emergence of new accounting routine…
Political determinants of the fiscal sustainability: evidence from six individual developed countries.
2007
This paper aims at assessing the fiscal sustainability and its political determinants in six countries, namely France, Germany, Greece, Italy, the United Kingdom, the United States. First, using the recent sustainability approach of Bohn (1998) based on fiscal reaction function, econometric findings using OLS reveal a positive response of the primary surplus to changes in debt in several countries. In other words, fiscal policy is sustainable in France, Italy, the United Kingdom, the United States, but not in Germany and Greece. Second, by introducing political dummy variables, we test the electoral budget cycle, the partisan cycle and the government coalition theories. We find the presence…
Fluticasone/formoterol combination therapy versus budesonide/formoterol for the treatment of asthma: a randomized, controlled, non-inferiority trial …
2012
The inhaled corticosteroid fluticasone propionate (fluticasone) and the long-acting β₂ agonist formoterol fumarate (formoterol) have been combined in a single aerosol inhaler fluticasone/formoterol (flutiform(®)). This study compared the efficacy and safety of fluticasone/formoterol with the combination product budesonide/formoterol (Symbicort(®) Turbohaler(®)).A randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, multicenter, Phase 3 study comprising a 7- (± 3) day screening, 2-4-week run-in, and 12-week treatment periods. Patients aged ≥ 12 years with moderate to severe persistent asthma for ≥ 6 months before screening and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV₁) 50-80% predicted and ≥ 15% rever…
The inhalation manager: a new computer-based device to assess inhalation technique and drug delivery to the patient.
2003
The rational choice of an inhalation device is a cornerstone in the effective management of asthma and COPD. In this publication, we describe the development of a new system, the Inhalation Manager, which, for the first time, offers the possibility to assess the entire inhalation maneuver of patients using original devices under everyday conditions. So far the Inhalation Manager allows the measurement of inspiratory maneuvers of patients through placebo inhalation devices of the most common breath-actuated CFC-free inhalers in the market for the three main glucocorticosteroids Budesonide [Turbohaler (TH), dry powder inhaler (DPI)], Beclomethasone dipropionate [Autohaler (AH), breath-actuate…
Is the patient's baseline inhaled steroid dose a factor for choosing the budesonide/formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy regimen?
2011
Objective: Baseline inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) dose may be a factor for prescribers to consider when they select a budesonide/formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy regimen for symptomatic asthmatics. Methods: A 6-month randomized study compared two maintenance doses of budesonide/formoterol 160/4.5 µg, 1 × 2 and 2 × 2, plus as needed, in 8424 asthma patients with symptoms when treated with ICS ± an inhaled long-acting β2-agonist (LABA). In the total study population, 1339 (17%) were high-dose ICS (HD) users (≥1600 µg/day budesonide). This HD stratum was compared with the rest of the study population, divided into low-dose (LD; 400 µg/day) and medium-dose strata (MD; 401–1599 µg/day…
The effect of budesonide/formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy on the risk of severe asthma exacerbations following episodes of high reliever u…
2012
Abstract Background Divergent strategies have emerged for the management of severe asthma. One strategy utilises high and fixed doses of maintenance treatment, usually inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting β2-agonist (ICS/LABA), supplemented by a short-acting β2-agonist (SABA) as needed. Alternatively, budesonide/formoterol is used as both maintenance and reliever therapy. The latter is superior to fixed-dose treatment in reducing severe exacerbations while achieving similar or better asthma control in other regards. Exacerbations may be reduced by the use of budesonide/formoterol as reliever medication during periods of unstable asthma. We examined the risk of a severe exacerbation in the per…
P149 Once-daily tiotropium Respimat® add-on to at least ICS in adult patients with symptomatic asthma: pooled safety analysis: Abstract P149 Table 1
2015
Background A high proportion of patients with asthma are symptomatic despite at least ICS maintenance therapy. Five trials aimed to evaluate the safety of tiotropium Respimat® compared with placebo Respimat®, each as add-on to at least ICS in adult patients with symptomatic asthma. Methods Five Phase III and one Phase II randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trials. PrimoTinA-asthma® (48 weeks): tiotropium Respimat® 5 µg add-on to ICS + LABA (≥800 µg budesonide or equivalent); MezzoTinA-asthma® (24 weeks): tiotropium Respimat® 5 µg or 2.5 µg add-on to ICS (400–800 µg budesonide or equivalent); GraziaTinA-asthma® (12 weeks): tiotropium Respimat® 5 µg or 2.5 µg add-on t…
P260 Tiotropium Respimat(R) Add-on To Inhaled Corticosteroids Improves Lung Function In Patients With Symptomatic Mild Asthma: Results From A Phase I…
2014
Background Despite currently available therapies and detailed guidelines, many people with mild asthma remain symptomatic; it is important to establish the efficacy and safety of new treatments in this group. Methods A Phase III, randomised, double-blind, parallel-group trial (GraziaTinA-asthma ® ; NCT01316380) evaluated the efficacy and safety of once-daily tiotropium 5 µg or 2.5 µg versus placebo (all delivered via the Respimat ® SoftMist™ inhaler) for 12 weeks in patients with symptomatic asthma on low-dose inhaled corticosteroids (200–400 µg budesonide or equivalent). The primary end point was peak forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV 1 ) within 3 h of dosing (0–3h) response (chang…
The whole story: treatment outcomes with SymbicortS
2002
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways that has a considerable socioeconomic impact. Asthma management guidelines have been introduced to help provide better long-term control of asthma. Although recommended guidelines may increase the direct medication costs, the overall direct costs of asthma may be reduced due to fewer exacerbations. In addition, indirect costs due to lost productivity and mortality are reduced and patients have an improved quality of life. Inhaled corticosteroids are first-line therapy in the treatment of persistent asthma. Against this background, we have assessed the cost-effectiveness of Symbicort (budesonide and formoterol in a single inhaler), a t…