Search results for "cache"
showing 10 items of 79 documents
Translingual text mining for identification of language pair phenomena
2016
Translingual Text Mining (TTM) is an innovative technology of natural language processing for building multilingual parallel corpora, processing machine translation, contextual knowledge acquisition, information extraction, query profiling, language modeling, contextual word sensing, creating feature test sets and for variety of other purposes. The Keynote Lecture will discuss opportunities and challenges of this computational technology. In particular, the focus will be made on identification of language pair phenomena and their applications to building holistic language model which is a novel tool for processing machine translation, supporting professional translations, evaluation of tran…
Prospective randomised trial of two dose levels of megestrol acetate in the management of anorexia-cachexia syndrome in patients with metastatic canc…
1996
Two doses of megestrol acetate (MA) have been prospectively compared in a random fashion as treatment for cancer-related anorexia-cachexia syndrome (ACS) in 122 patients with progressive soft tissue sarcoma, colorectal, lung, head and neck and renal cancer resistant to systemic chemotherapy. After 30 days of MA, 55% of patients receiving MA at 160 mg day-1 reported an increase in appetite, 27% of patients no variation and 18% complained of a decrease in appetite. Patients treated with MA at 320 mg day-1 reported an increase in appetite in 68% of cases, a stabilisation in 20% of cases and a decrease in 12%. Although an increase in appetite was more frequently observed in patients receiving M…
Muscle NAD+ depletion and Serpina3n as molecular determinants of murine cancer cachexia—the effects of blocking myostatin and activins
2020
Objective Cancer cachexia and muscle loss are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. In preclinical animal models, blocking activin receptor (ACVR) ligands has improved survival and prevented muscle wasting in cancer cachexia without an effect on tumour growth. However, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. This study aimed to identify cancer cachexia and soluble ACVR (sACVR) administration-evoked changes in muscle proteome. Methods Healthy and C26 tumour-bearing (TB) mice were treated with recombinant sACVR. The sACVR or PBS control were administered either prior to the tumour formation or by continued administration before and after tumour formation. Muscles were an…
Treating cachexia using soluble ACVR2B improves survival, alters mTOR localization, and attenuates liver and spleen responses.
2018
Background Cancer cachexia increases morbidity and mortality, and blocking of activin receptor ligands has improved survival in experimental cancer. However, the underlying mechanisms have not yet been fully uncovered. Methods The effects of blocking activin receptor type 2 (ACVR2) ligands on both muscle and non‐muscle tissues were investigated in a preclinical model of cancer cachexia using a recombinant soluble ACVR2B (sACVR2B‐Fc). Treatment with sACVR2B‐Fc was applied either only before the tumour formation or with continued treatment both before and after tumour formation. The potential roles of muscle and non‐muscle tissues in cancer cachexia were investigated in order to understand th…
Hypothalamic eIF2 alpha signaling regulates food intake
2014
International audience; The reversible phosphorylation of the a subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2 alpha) is a highly conserved signal implicated in the cellular adaptation to numerous stresses such as the one caused by amino acid limitation. In response to dietary amino acid deficiency, the brain-specific activation of the eIF2 alpha kinase GCN2 leads to food intake inhibition. We report here that GCN2 is rapidly activated in the mediobasal hypothalamus (MBH) after consumption of a leucine-deficient diet. Furthermore, knockdown of GCN2 in this particular area shows that MBH GCN2 activity controls the onset of the aversive response. Importantly, pharmacological experiments demo…
The effect of high-volume online haemodiafiltration on nutritional status and body composition: the ProtEin Stores prEservaTion (PESET) study
2018
Background Compared with conventional haemodialysis (HD), online haemodiafiltration (OL-HDF) achieves a more efficient removal of uraemic toxins and reduces inflammation, which could favourably affect nutritional status. We evaluate the effect of OL-HDF on body composition and nutritional status in prevalent high-flux HD (HF-HD) patients. Methods In all, 33 adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD) Stage 5 undergoing maintenance HF-HD were assigned to post-dilution OL-HDF (n = 17) or to remain on HF-HD (n = 16, control group) for 12 months. The primary outcome was the change in lean tissue mass (LTM), intracellular water (ICW) and body cell mass (BCM) assessed by multifrequency bioimpedance …
Heat shock protein 70 in patients with chronic heart failure: relation to disease severity and survival
2004
Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) is essential for cellular recovery, survival and maintenance of cellular function. Research into the possible use of Hsp70 as a cytoprotective therapeutic agent is ongoing. Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a state associated with systemic inflammation, particularly in patients with cardiac cachexia. We hypothesised that circulating Hsp70 levels are elevated in patients with CHF, more so in cachechtic patients, and that Hsp70 levels would relate to mortality.We studied 107 patients (28 female, age 67+/-1 years, NYHA class 2.6+/-0.6 and LVEF 29+/-1%, mean+/-SEM) and 21 controls. Cardiac cachexia was present in 32 patients. Hsp70 was detectable in 41% of CHF patient…
Prevention of chemotherapy‐induced cachexia by ACVR2B ligand blocking has different effects on heart and skeletal muscle
2017
Background Toxicity of chemotherapy on skeletal muscles and the heart may significantly contribute to cancer cachexia, mortality, and decreased quality of life. Doxorubicin (DOX) is an effective cytostatic agent, which unfortunately has toxic effects on many healthy tissues. Blocking of activin receptor type IIB (ACVR2B) ligands is an often used strategy to prevent skeletal muscle loss, but its effects on the heart are relatively unknown. Methods The effects of DOX treatment with or without pre-treatment with soluble ACVR2B-Fc (sACVR2B-Fc) were investigated. The mice were randomly assigned into one of the three groups: (1) vehicle (PBS)-treated controls, (2) DOX-treated mice (DOX), and (3) …
VLBI-resolution radio-map algorithms: Performance analysis of different levels of data-sharing on multi-socket, multi-core architectures
2012
a b s t r a c t A broad area in astronomy focuses on simulating extragalactic objects based on Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) radio-maps. Several algorithms in this scope simulate what would be the observed radio-maps if emitted from a predefined extragalactic object. This work analyzes the performance and scaling of this kind of algorithms on multi-socket, multi-core architectures. In particular, we evaluate a sharing approach, a privatizing approach and a hybrid approach on systems with complex memory hierarchy that includes shared Last Level Cache (LLC). In addition, we investigate which manual processes can be systematized and then automated in future works. The experiments sh…
Spim-Cache: A Pedagogical Tool for Teaching Cache Memories Through Code-Based Exercises
2007
Cache memories represent a core topic in all computer organization and architecture courses offered at universities around the world. As a consequence, educational proposals and textbooks address important efforts to this topic. A valuable pedagogical help when studying cache memories is to perform exercises based on simple algorithms, which allow the identification of cache accesses, for instance, a program accessing the elements of an array. These exercises, referred to as code-based exercises, have a good acceptance among instructors of computer organization courses. Nevertheless, no tool (e.g., simulator) has been developed to be used in undergraduate courses working with this kind of e…