Search results for "calor"
showing 10 items of 866 documents
Preserved visual-vestibular interaction in patients with bilateral vestibular failure
2004
Background: During caloric vestibular stimulation, subjects showed bilateral activation of the vestibular cortex in the posterior insula and retroinsular region as well as concurrent deactivation of visual cortex areas bilaterally. This finding was the basis for the concept of a reciprocal inhibitory interaction between the vestibular and the visual systems. Objective: To analyze the modulations of this activation and deactivation pattern in patients with loss of vestibular input, that is, in patients with bilateral vestibular failure (BVF). Methods: Modulations of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in PET were measured in nine patients with BVF and compared with those in healthy volunteer…
Immunosuppressive treatment in bilateral vestibulopathy with inner ear antibodies.
2005
Although vestibular recovery was observed after steroid treatment, it remains uncertain whether this improvement was spontaneous or due to medication. These data do not allow us to generally recommend corticosteroid treatment in patients with BVF and inner ear antibodies.A retrospective study was performed based on the observation of two patients with suspected autoimmune bilateral vestibular failure (BVF) with normal hearing and antilabyrinthine or nervous tissue-specific serum antibodies who showed vestibular recovery after corticosteroid treatment.Twelve patients with BVF and serum inner ear antibodies who had received imuunosuppressive treatment with corticosteroids were evaluated in te…
Testing utricular function by means of on-axis rotation
2005
Subjective visual vertical (SVV) estimation during on-axis rotation provides an efficient screening test of utricle function. The survey demonstrates that isolated disorders of peripheral utricular function can occur while SCC function appears normal.The present study aimed to investigate estimation of SVV during constant velocity yaw rotation (with the head held on-axis--to enhance any asymmetry between right and left utricular responses), as a useful screening test.In all, 230 patients were recruited from the dizziness clinic. For each patient, the SVV was estimated (a) while held stationary, and (b) during constant angular velocity (240 degrees/s), with the head centred on-axis. Bitherma…
Basal metabolic rate in narcoleptic patients.
2009
PATIENTS SUFFERING FROM NARCOLEPSY TEND TO BE OBESE.1,2 AMONG OTHER HYPOTHESES LOWER RESTING ENERGY EXPENDITURE HAS BEEN SUSPECTED to be the cause of the narcolepsy-associated obesity.3,4 The use of indirect calorimetry is a well-established noninvasive method to measure the energy expenditure (EE) and the resting (basal) metabolic rate (BMR). Chabas et al. recently published an evaluation of eating behavior and energy balance of 7 typical and 6 atypical narcoleptic patients and 9 controls using indirect calorimetry. Narcoleptic patients were found to have a lower energy expenditure (EE) than controls (n = 13, P = 0.07). Thus, it was concluded that narcolepsy associated obesity could be the…
A low resting metabolic rate is associated with metabolic syndrome
2007
Background & aims: The metabolic syndrome is associated with central accumulation of fat. Previous studies showed that some obese subjects are characterized by a sparing energy metabolism. The aim of this study was to investigate whether obese subjects with metabolic syndrome have a lower resting metabolic rate than obese subjects without metabolic syndrome. Methods: Forty obese subjects were divided into three groups according to the presence of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes; 15 non-obese healthy control subjects were also enrolled. Body composition (bio-impedance analysis) and resting metabolic rate (indirect calorimetry) were performed. Results: The group with metabolic syndrome…
Hormonal and psychological factors linked to the increased thermic effect of food in malnourished fasting anorexia nervosa
2007
In patients with anorexia nervosa (AN), weight gain is lower than that expected from the energy content of the meals. Thus we investigated the thermic effect of food (TEF) in relation to subjective feelings and plasma hormone levels in a group of AN patients.TEF, feelings (14 items), and plasma release of beta-endorphin, ACTH, cortisol, dopamine, and catecholamines were evaluated in 15 AN patients (body mass index, 13.6 +/- 1.2 kg.m(-2)) and in 15 healthy women after three gastric loads (0, 300, 700 kcal) infused by a nasogastric tube in a blind design.In AN, the blind loads induced an energy-dependent increase in TEF (P0.001), which was higher than that observed in healthy women (P0.001). …
Children’s Diet during the Early Stages of the Nutritional Transition. The Foundlings in the Hospital of Valencia (Spain), 1852–1931
2021
The nutritional transition brought about profound changes in the nutrition of the European population in the 19th and 20th centuries. The predominant consumption of cereals gave way to kilocalorie-, protein-, vitamin- and mineral-rich diets that involved a greater intake of animal products. However, not all population groups underwent this transition at the same pace
Calorie Restriction in Mammals and Simple Model Organisms
2014
Calorie restriction (CR), which usually refers to a 20–40% reduction in calorie intake, can effectively prolong lifespan preventing most age-associated diseases in several species. However, recent data from both human and nonhumans point to the ratio of macronutrients rather than the caloric intake as a major regulator of both lifespan and health-span. In addition, specific components of the diet have recently been identified as regulators of some age-associated intracellular signaling pathways in simple model systems. The comprehension of the mechanisms underpinning these findings is crucial since it may increase the beneficial effects of calorie restriction making it accessible to a broad…
Brain aging and late-onset Alzheimer's disease: many open questions.
2012
ABSTRACTDespite decades of research in the field of Alzheimer's disease (AD), a real understanding of its molecular pathophysiology and treatments relevant to the day-to-day lives of patients remain out of reach. Research has, with good reason, focused on certain key pathways and potential mechanisms, but sometimes this has been at the expense of work on other theories, which may be slowing down progress in this field. Interesting theories at present include oxidative stress and caloric restriction. Work on the Aβ cascade should continue but with a shift in focus to its intracellular effects and an awareness that additional pathogenetic factors and processes must be involved – most importan…