Search results for "candida"
showing 10 items of 844 documents
Epidemiological investigations and molecular characterization of ‘candidatus phytoplasma solani’ in grapevines, weeds, vectors and putative vectors i…
2020
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Fungal Biofilms as a Valuable Target for the Discovery of Natural Products That Cope with the Resistance of Medically Important Fungi—Latest Findings
2021
The development of new antifungal agents that target biofilms is an urgent need. Natural products, mainly from the plant kingdom, represent an invaluable source of these entities. The present review provides an update (2017–May 2021) on the available information on essential oils, propolis, extracts from plants, algae, lichens and microorganisms, compounds from different natural sources and nanosystems containing natural products with the capacity to in vitro or in vivo modulate fungal biofilms. The search yielded 42 articles; seven involved essential oils, two Brazilian propolis, six plant extracts and one of each, extracts from lichens and algae/cyanobacteria. Twenty articles deal with th…
Candida albicans UBI3 and UBI4 promoter regions confer differential regulation of invertase production to Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells in response …
2002
Candida albicans ubiquitin genes UBI3 and UBI4 encode a ubiquitin-hybrid protein involved in ribosome biogenesis and polyubiquitin, respectively. In this work we show that UBI3 and UBI4 promoter regions confer differentialexpr ession consistent with the function of their encoded gene products. Hybrid genes were constructed containing the SUC2 coding region under the controlof UBI3 or UBI4 promoters in the yeast vector pLC7. Invertase production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae transformants was differentially regulated: the UBI4 promoter was induced by stress conditions (thermalupshift and/or starvation) whereas the UBI3 promoter conferred constitutive invertase production in growing yeast cells…
Flow cytometric assay for estimating fungicidal activity of Amphotericin B in human serum
1992
We describe a simple and rapid bioassay for estimating fungicidal activity of Amphotericin B in human serum using flow cytometry. The method exploits the fact that Candida albicans damaged by Amphotericin B show a decrease in size and take up propidium iodide to exhibit a red fluorescence after deoxycholate treatment. These phenomena display characteristic dose dependencies, and their assessment permits serum fungicidal activity to be broadly grouped into three categories: (1) subfungicidal; (2) fungicidal; and (3) strongly fungicidal. In normal human serum, these three categories correspond to Amphotericin B concentrations of 0 less than or equal to 0.5 micrograms/ml, 0.75-1.5 micrograms/m…
Identification of Candida dubliniensis among oral yeast isolates from an Italian population of human immunodeficiency virus-infected (HIV+) subjects
2002
Candida dubliniensis, an emerging oral pathogen, phenotypically resembles Candida albicans so closely that it is easily misidentified as such. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the usefulness of two phenotypic methods, growth at 45 degrees C and 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) reduction, for confirming presumptive identification of C. dubliniensis and C. albicans by colony color on CHROMagar Candida (CAC) medium. A combination of these methods was used to establish the prevalence of oral C. dubliniensis in an Italian population of 45 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected subjects. Twenty-two samples (48.9%) were positive for yeasts on CAC medium producing a total …
A Novel Peptide with Antifungal Activity from Red Swamp Crayfish Procambarus clarkii
2022
The defense system of freshwater crayfish Procambarus clarkii as a diversified source of bioactive molecules with antimicrobial properties was studied. Antimicrobial activity of two polypeptide-enriched extracts obtained from hemocytes and hemolymph of P. clarkii were assessed against Gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis) and Gram negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli) bacteria and toward the yeast Candida albicans. The two peptide fractions showed interesting MIC values (ranging from 11 to 700 μg/mL) against all tested pathogens. Polypeptide-enriched extracts were further investigated using a high-resolution mass spectrometry and database search and 14 n…
Detection of Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis in Norway up to the northern limit of Ixodes ricinus distribution using a novel real time PCR test ta…
2019
Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. Background Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis is an emerging tick-borne pathogen. It is widely distributed in Ixodes ricinus ticks in Europe, but knowledge of its distribution in Norway, where I. ricinus reaches its northern limit, is limited. In this study we have developed a real time PCR test for Ca. N. mikurensis and used it to invest…
Comparative genomics of yeast species: new insights into their biology
2003
The genomes of two hemiascomycetous yeasts (Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida albicans) and one archiascomycete (Schizosaccharomyces pombe) have been completely sequenced and the genes have been annotated. In addition, the genomes of 13 more Hemiascomycetes have been partially sequenced. The amount of data thus obtained provides information on the evolutionary relationships between yeast species. In addition, the differential genetic characteristics of the microorganisms explain a number of distinctive biological traits. Gene order conservation is observed between phylogenetically close species and is lost in distantly related species, probably due to rearrangements of short regions of D…
Risk Factors for Intra-Abdominal Candidiasis in Intensive Care Units: Results from EUCANDICU Study
2022
INTRODUCTION: Intra-abdominal infections represent the second most frequently acquired infection in the intensive care unit (ICU), with mortality rates ranging from 20% to 50%. Candida spp. may be responsible for up to 10-30% of cases. This study assesses risk factors for development of intra-abdominal candidiasis (IAC) among patients admitted to ICU. METHODS: We performed a case-control study in 26 European ICUs during the period January 2015-December 2016. Patients at least 18 years old who developed an episode of microbiologically documented IAC during their stay in the ICU (at least 48 h after admission) served as the case cohort. The control group consisted of adult patients who did no…
Lack of Functional Trehalase Activity in Candida parapsilosis Increases Susceptibility to Itraconazole
2022
Central metabolic pathways may play a major role in the virulence of pathogenic fungi. Here, we have investigated the susceptibility of a Candida parapsilosis mutant deficient in trehalase activity (atc1Δ/ntc1Δ strain) to the azolic compounds Fluconazole and Itraconazole. A time-course exposure to Itraconazole but not Fluconazole induced a significant degree of cell-killing in mutant cells compared to the parental strain. Flow cytometry determinations indicated that Itraconazole was able to induce a marked production of endogenous ROS together with a simultaneous increase in membrane potential, these effects being irrelevant after Fluconazole addition. Furthermore, only …