Search results for "caspases"
showing 10 items of 157 documents
Cytotoxicity of a naturally occuring spirostanol saponin, progenin III, towards a broad range of cancer cell lines by induction of apoptosis, autopha…
2020
Abstract This study was aimed to investigate the cytotoxic potential of a natural compound, progenin III on a broad range of cancer cell lines, including various sensitive and drug-resistant phenotypes. The cytotoxicity, progenin III-induced autophagic, ferroptotic and necroptotic cell death were evaluated by the resazurin reduction assay (RRA). Spectrophotometric analysis of caspases activity was performed using caspase-Glo assay. Flow cytometry was applied for cell cycle analysis (PI staining), apoptosis (annexin V/PI staining), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) (JC-1) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) (H2DCFH-DA). Progenin III and the reference molecule, doxorubicin exerted cytotoxi…
Cytotoxicity of epunctanone and four other phytochemicals isolated from the medicinal plants Garcinia epunctata and Ptycholobium contortum towards mu…
2018
Abstract Introduction Resistance of cancer cells is a serious impediment to chemotherapy and several phytochemicals are active against multi-drug resistant (MDR) phenotypes. The cytotoxicity of five naturally occurring compounds: betulin (1), mundulea lactone (2), seputhecarpan A (3), seputheisoflavone (4) and epunctanone (5) was evaluated on a panel of 9 cancer cell lines including various sensitive and drug-resistant cell lines. The modes of action of compound 5 were further investigated. Methods The resazurin reduction assay was used to evaluate cytotoxicity of samples and ferroptotic cell death induced by compound 5; caspase-Glo assay was used to detect the activation of caspases in CCR…
Cytotoxicity of seven naturally occurring phenolic compounds towards multi-factorial drug-resistant cancer cells
2016
Abstract Introduction In medical oncology, multi-drug resistance (MDR) of cancer cells continues to be a major impediment. We are in quest of novel anti-proliferative agents to overcome drug-resistant tumor cells. Methods In the present study, we investigated the cytotoxicity of 7 naturally occurring phenolic compounds including two isoflavonoids alpinumisoflavone ( 1 ) and laburnetin ( 2 ), one biflavonoid amentoflavone ( 3) , three lignans pycnanthulignene A ( 4 ), pycnanthulignene B ( 5 ), and syringaresinol ( 7 ) and one xanthone, euxanthone ( 6 ) against 9 drug-sensitive and MDR cancer cell lines. The resazurin reduction assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of these compounds, w…
Synthesis, antiproliferative activity and possible mechanism of action of novel 2-acetamidobenzamides bearing the 2-phenoxy functionality.
2015
Several new 2-(2-phenoxyacetamido)benzamides 17a-v, 21 and 22 were synthesized by stirring in pyridine the acid chlorides 16a-e and the appropriate5-R-4-R1-2-aminobenzamide 15a-e and initially evaluated in vitro for antiproliferative activity against the K562 (human chronic myelogenous leukemia) cell line. Some of synthesized compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antiproliferative activity against the full NCI tumor cell line panel derived from nine clinically isolated cancer types (leukemia, non-small cell lung, colon, CNS, melanoma, ovarian, renal, prostate and breast). The most active compounds caused an arrest of K562 cells in the G0-G1 phase of cell cycle and induction of apoptos…
Involvement of caspase-3 and GD3 ganglioside in ceramide-induced apoptosis in Farber disease.
2000
Farber's disease (FD) is a rare genetic disorder caused by ceramidase deficiency, which results in ceramide accumulation in lung, liver, colon, skeletal muscle, cartilage, and bone. Although this disease has been symptomatically characterized, little is known about its molecular pathogenetic process. Because recent studies reported that ceramide accumulation induces GD3 ganglioside formation and apoptosis, we investigated, in tissue obtained via colonoscopy from seriously involved patients, the possible involvement of ceramide in FD colonocyte destruction. Histochemical and TUNEL analyses of paraffin-embedded sections revealed that 45 ± 4.3% of FD colonocytes showed morphological signs of …
GDF 15 as an anti-apoptotic, diagnostic and prognostic marker in oral squamous cell carcinoma
2011
Growth-differentiation factor 15 (GDF 15) is involved in tumor pathogenesis and its expression is increased in many types of cancers. Functional effects of GDF 15 on oncogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remain unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the apoptotic characteristics of GDF 15 in OSCC cell lines in vitro and to analyze serum GDF 15 concentrations as a diagnostic and prognostic tumor marker for OSCC in vivo. Caspase activity was assessed in OSCC cell lines with the Caspase-Glo 3/7 system. Serum GDF 15 concentrations from 64 patients with histopathological proven OSCC and from 30 healthy volunteers were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent a…
Poorly differentiated synovial sarcoma: A case report
2001
Poorly differentiated synovial sarcoma is a rare soft tissue tumor. We studied a case arising in the pleural cavity of a young subject, characterised by the presence of spindle cell, small cell, and large epithelioid cell areas. We performed stains for mucosubstances and analysed the expression of cytokeratins 5/6, 7, 8, 18, 19, CEA, CD34, Ber-Ep4 and calretinin to characterize the phenotype of this neoplasm. We furthermore assessed immunohistochemically the presence of p53, Bcl-2, Bax and caspase 3, four apoptotic markers, to evaluate a relationship between apoptotic activity and the behaviour of this tumor. Our findings showed a strong presence of calretinin, p53 and Bcl-2 in all three ar…
Expression of the tumor necrosis factor receptor—associated factors 1 and 2 and regulation of the nuclear factor—kB antiapoptotic activity in human g…
2005
Object. Tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)—associated factors (TRAFs) are a recently established group of proteins involved in the intracellular signaling of the TNFR superfamily members. The TRAFs have been implicated in promoting cell survival through the activation of transcription factor nuclear factor (NF)—κB. The authors investigated the expression of NF-κB, caspase 3, TRAF1, TRAF2, and TRAF-associated NF-κB activator/TRAF—interacting protein (TANK/I-TRAF), a regulator of TRAF activity, in human gliomas. Methods. Tumor samples were obtained in 27 adult patients harboring seven low-grade gliomas, nine anaplastic astrocytomas, and 11 glioblastomas multiforme. The NF-κB activation was…
β-Amyloid-induced activation of Caspase-3 in primary cultures of rat neurons
2000
It is known that beta-amyloid peptide (Abeta) contributes to the neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and operates through activation of an apoptotic pathway. Apoptotic signal is driven by a family of cysteine proteases called caspases. The beta-amyloid precursor protein (APP) is directly and efficiently cleaved by caspases during apoptosis, resulting in elevated beta-amyloid peptide formation. Cerebellar neurons from rat pups were treated with the aged Abeta(25-35) at 1 and 5 microM and fluorescence assays of caspase activity performed over 4 days. We observed an increase in caspase activity after 48 h treatment in both 1 and 5 microM treated cells, then (72-96 h) caspase activity…
The sea urchin embryo: a model to study Alzheimer's beta amyloid induced toxicity.
2009
Abstract Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. The cause of AD is closely related to the accumulation of amyloid beta peptide in the neuritic plaques. The use of animal model systems represents a good strategy to elucidate the molecular mechanism behind the development of this pathology. Here we use the Paracentrotus lividus embryo to identify molecules and pathways that can be involved in the degenerative process. As a first step, we identified the presence of an antigen related to the human APP, called Pl APP. This antigen, after gastrula stage, is processed producing a polypeptide of about 10 kDa. By immunohistochemistry we localized the Pl APP antigen in some ser…