Search results for "categorization"
showing 10 items of 199 documents
Mammographic images segmentation based on chaotic map clustering algorithm
2013
Background: This work investigates the applicability of a novel clustering approach to the segmentation of mammographic digital images. The chaotic map clustering algorithm is used to group together similar subsets of image pixels resulting in a medically meaningful partition of the mammography. Methods: The image is divided into pixels subsets characterized by a set of conveniently chosen features and each of the corresponding points in the feature space is associated to a map. A mutual coupling strength between the maps depending on the associated distance between feature space points is subsequently introduced. On the system of maps, the simulated evolution through chaotic dynamics leads…
Elaboration of a method to categorize substances of interest as regards to their potential endocrine disrupting activity: assessment and categorizati…
2021
EDCs are substances that alter function(s) of the endocrine system and consequently cause adverse health effects. The endocrine system consists of many cells and tissues that interact with each other and the rest of the body by means of hormones. This system is responsible for controlling a large number of processes in the body from gamete formation, to conception and early developmental processes such as organogenesis, and to most tissue and organ functions throughout life. EDCs interfere with endocrine function by many ways and, in doing so, lead to adverse effects on the health of humans and/or wildlife. Some of the observed health effects associated with EDCs include, butare not limited…
Identity dynamics and social partitions : the case of identity "racial" Blacks in France
2011
Our research work investigates - from a psycho-social point of view - the «racial» identity of the black population in France, notably in their relation with the white population, so as to point up the identity dynamics that exist between the various groups. The theoretical framework is related to social grouping and one of its developments, i.e. the concept of social partitioning. Such conception is based on the existence of several types of inter-category relations (partitioning) that allow apprehending the nature of individuals’ identity positioning within the framework of an inter-group relation and make it dynamic through the notion of co-construction. Our methodology is based mainly o…
A New Combinatorial Approach to Sequence Comparison
2008
In this paper we introduce a new alignment-free method for comparing sequences which is combinatorial by nature and does not use any compressor nor any information-theoretic notion. Such a method is based on an extension of the Burrows-Wheeler Transform, a transformation widely used in the context of Data Compression. The new extended transformation takes as input a multiset of sequences and produces as output a string obtained by a suitable rearrangement of the characters of all the input sequences. By using such a transformation we give a general method for comparing sequences that takes into account how much the characters coming from the different input sequences are mixed in the output…
Characterizing cognitive problem-solving strategies in patients’ everyday life: The case of patients with Type 1 diabetes
2021
Introduction:Numerous quantitative studies have shown the importance of executive functions (planning, attention, inhibition, and short-term memory) for diabetes treatment compliance. Those studies also point to the paucity of data on action strategies employed by persons with diabetes. The aim of this study is to characterize the action strategies used in six situations typically encountered by persons with Type 1 diabetes (no comorbidities).Methods:This qualitative multiple-case study concerns adult patients with no comorbidities. Eighteen patients were presented with six clinical vignettes portraying emblematic situations and then interviewed. After categorization, the 108 situations wer…
Becoming a beer expert: is simple exposure with feedback sufficient to learn beer categories?
2015
Category learning is an important aspect of expertise development which had been little studied in the chemosensory field. The wine literature suggests that through repeated exposure to wines, sensory information is stored by experts as prototypes. The goal of this study was to further explore this issue using beers. We tested the ability of beer consumers to correctly categorize beers from two different categories (top- and bottom-fermented beers) before and after repeated exposure with feedback to beers from these categories. We found that participants learned to identify the category membership of beers to which they have been exposed but were unable to generalize their learning to other…
The categorization of amateur cyclists as research participants: findings from an observational study.
2018
Sampling bias is an issue for research involving cyclists. The heterogeneity of cyclist populations, on the basis of skill level and riding purpose, can generate incorrect inferences about one specific segment of the population of interest. In addition, a more accurate categorization would be helpful when physiological parameters are not available. This study proposes using self-reported data to categorize amateur cyclist types by varying skill levels and riding purposes, therefore improving sample selection in experimental studies. A total of 986 cyclists completed an online questionnaire between February and October 2016. Two-step cluster analyses were performed to generate distinct group…
Towards an international language for incontinence-associated dermatitis (IAD): design and evaluation of psychometric properties of the Ghent Global …
2018
Background Incontinence-associated dermatitis (IAD) is a specific type of irritant contact dermatitis with different levels of severity. An internationally accepted instrument to assess the severity of IAD in adults with established diagnostic accuracy, agreement, and reliability is needed to support clinical practice and research.Objectives To design and psychometrically evaluate the Ghent Global IAD Categorisation Tool (GLOBIAD).Methods The design was based on expert consultation using a three-round Delphi procedure with 34 experts from 13 countries. The instrument was tested using IAD photographs reflecting different severity levels in a sample of 823 health professionals in 30 countries…
Connectionist models of face processing: A survey
1994
Abstract Connectionist models of face recognition, identification, and categorization have appeared recently in several disciplines, including psychology, computer science, and engineering. We present a review of these models with the goal of complementing a recent survey by Samal and Iyengar [Pattern Recognition25, 65–77 (1992)] of nonconnectionist approaches to the problem of the automatic face recognition. We concentrate on models that use linear autoassociative networks, nonlinear autoassociative (or compression) and/or heteroassociative backpropagation networks. One advantage of these models over some nonconnectionist approaches is that analyzable features emerge naturally from image-b…
A novel active contour model for unsupervised low-key image segmentation
2013
Published version of an article in the journal: Central European Journal of Engineering. Also available from the publisher at: http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s13531-012-0050-0 Unsupervised image segmentation is greatly useful in many vision-based applications. In this paper, we aim at the unsupervised low-key image segmentation. In low-key images, dark tone dominates the background, and gray level distribution of the foreground is heterogeneous. They widely exist in the areas of space exploration, machine vision, medical imaging, etc. In our algorithm, a novel active contour model with the probability density function of gamma distribution is proposed. The flexible gamma distribution gives a bet…