Search results for "category theory"

showing 10 items of 1172 documents

Adaptive dual control in one biomedical problem

2003

In this paper, the following biomedical problem is considered. People are subjected to a certain chemotherapeutic treatment. The optimal dosage is the maximal dose for which an individual patient will have toxicity level that does not cross the allowable limit. We discuss sequential procedures for searching the optimal dosage, which are based on the concept of dual control and the principle of optimality. According to the dual control theory, the control has two purposes that might be conflicting: one is to help learning about unknown parameters and/or the state of the system (estimation); the other is to achieve the control objective. Thus the resulting control sequence exhibits the closed…

Adaptive controlControl (management)Theoretical Computer ScienceDual (category theory)Control and Systems EngineeringControl theoryBellman equationComputer Science (miscellaneous)Dual control theoryA priori and a posterioriCyberneticsLimit (mathematics)Engineering (miscellaneous)Social Sciences (miscellaneous)MathematicsKybernetes
researchProduct

Short review: Field recovery and potential information value of small elements of the skeleton

2011

The recovery of small elements of the skeleton (e.g. hyoid, carpals, and hand and foot phalanges) is one of the established tasks of the archaeologist and physical anthropologist when working in the field, whether in an archaeological or forensic context. In the present work, we illustrate the field location of ossified laryngeal cartilages, hand sesamoids, and the medial clavicular epiphyses. The potential information offered by these elements is briefly summarized. The frequency of these elements observed in a cemetery dating from 1943 indicates the possibility that these elements could be found in other contexts at a higher frequency than expected.

AdultMaleHistoryLaryngeal CartilagesContext (language use)Laryngeal cartilageSkeleton (category theory)Bone and BonesAnthropology PhysicalYoung AdultOsteogenesisHumansCemeteriesInformation valuePrisonersHistory 20th CenturyPhalanxClavicleArchaeologyField (geography)ArchaeologySpainAnthropologySesamoid BonesEpiphysesCognitive psychologyHOMO
researchProduct

Non-compact myocardium assessment by cardiac magnetic resonance: dependence on image analysis method

2018

To compare image analysis methods for the assessment of left ventricle non-compaction from cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging. CMR images were analyzed in 20 patients and 10 normal subjects. A reference model of the MR signal was introduced and validated based on image data. Non-compact (NC) myocardium size and distribution were assessed by tracing a single, continuous contour delimiting trabeculated region (Jacquier) or by one-by-one selection of trabeculae (Grothoff). The global non-compact/compact (NC/C) ratio, the NC mass, and the segmental NC/C ratio were assessed. Results were compared with the reference model. A significant difference between Grothoff and Jacquier approaches in…

AdultMaleRadiology Nuclear Medicine and ImagingHeart VentriclesMagnetic Resonance Imaging Cine030204 cardiovascular system & hematology030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingYoung Adult03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineNuclear magnetic resonanceMagnetic resonance imagingNuclear Medicine and ImagingImage Processing Computer-AssistedmedicineHumansComputer-assisted image analysiComputer-assisted image analysis; Isolated noncompaction of the ventricular myocardium; Magnetic resonance imaging; Radiology; Nuclear Medicine and Imaging; Cardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineCardiac imagingAnalysis methodAgedReproducibilitymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryImage (category theory)Significant differenceReproducibility of ResultsMagnetic resonance imagingMiddle AgedReference StandardsComputer-assisted image analysisCardiac Imaging Techniquesmedicine.anatomical_structureVentricleIsolated noncompaction of the ventricular myocardiumFemalebusinessCardiac magnetic resonanceRadiologyCardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
researchProduct

From algorithmic computing to direct retrieval: Evidence from number and alphabetic arithmetic in children and adults

1998

A number of theories of mental arithmetic suggest that the ability to solve simple addition and subtraction problems develops from an algorithmic strategy toward a strategy based on the direct retrieval of the result from memory. In the experiment presented here, 2nd and 12th graders were asked to solve two tasks of number and alphabet arithmetic. The subjects transformed series of 1 to 4 numbers or letters (item span) by adding or subtracting an operand varying from 1 to 4 (operation span). Although both the item and operation span were associated with major and identical effects in the case of both numbers and letters at 2nd grade, such effects were clearly observable only in the case of …

AdultMaleSymbolismAdolescentSpan (category theory)Concept FormationExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyOperandChild DevelopmentArts and Humanities (miscellaneous)Simple (abstract algebra)Cognitive developmentHumansArithmeticChildProblem SolvingSeries (mathematics)MemoriaSubtractionRetention PsychologyCognitionNeuropsychology and Physiological PsychologyMental RecallFemalePsychologyAlgorithmsMathematicsMemory & Cognition
researchProduct

Retrospective analysis of fixed drug eruptions among patients attending a tertiary care center in Southern India

2014

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentIndiaDermatologyTertiary careTertiary Care CentersYoung Adultlcsh:DermatologyRetrospective analysisHumansMedicineCenter (algebra and category theory)Fixed drug eruptionsAgedRetrospective Studiesbusiness.industryAnti-Inflammatory Agents Non-SteroidalMiddle Agedlcsh:RL1-803medicine.diseaseAnti-Bacterial AgentsInfectious DiseasesEmergency medicineFemaleDrug EruptionsMedical emergencybusinessIndian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprology
researchProduct

A reanalysis of the center for epidemiological studies depression scale (CES-D) using non-parametric item response theory

2020

Abstract The “Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale” (CES-D; Radloff, 1977 ) is a questionnaire used world-wide to measure depressive symptoms. Although the original four-factor-structure has been widely accepted and replicated, some studies point to other factor-structures like a one- and two-factor-structure. The goal of the current study was to evaluate the factor structure of the CES-D (one-, two- and four-factor-structure), which was found using classical test theory (CTT), with two non-parametric item-response-theory-models (Mokken-Scaling; Monotone-homogeneity-model; MHM and Double-monotonicity-model; DMM). To this end, a representative German sample was analyzed (N = 2…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPsychometricsStability (learning theory)Sample (statistics)Sensitivity and SpecificityStatistics NonparametricClassical test theory03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePercentile rankSurveys and QuestionnairesItem response theoryStatisticsEpidemiologymedicineHumansCenter (algebra and category theory)Biological PsychiatryPsychiatric Status Rating ScalesModels StatisticalDepressionNonparametric statistics030227 psychiatryPsychiatry and Mental healthFemalePsychology030217 neurology & neurosurgeryPsychiatry Research
researchProduct

X-inactivation pattern in three cases of X/autosome translocation.

1978

We describe an X/15 translocation which was balanced in a phenotypically normal mother [46,X,t(X;15)(p22;q15)] and unbalanced in her phenotypically abnormal daughter [46,X,der(X),t(X;15)(p22;q15)mat]. A third case involves a balanced X/21 translocation in a girl with a multiple congenital anomaly-retardation syndrome [46,X,t(X;21)(p11;p11?)]. 5-BrdU acridine orange banding on lymphocytes revealed late replication of the normal X chromosome in the mother and of the normal or abnormal X chromosome in the two other cases. Our findings are only partially consistent with previous observations. All X-inactivation patterns can be explained by random inactivation and subsequent selection against sp…

AdultX ChromosomeChromosomal translocationBiologyX-inactivationChromosomesTranslocation Geneticchemistry.chemical_compoundX autosome translocationIntellectual DisabilityChromosomes Human 21-22 and YHumansAbnormalities MultipleGenetics (clinical)X chromosomeGeneticsCell specificSex ChromosomesMosaicismAcridine orangeCenter (category theory)InfantKaryotypeMolecular biologychemistryChild PreschoolKaryotypingAcridinesFemaleChromosomes Human 13-15American journal of medical genetics
researchProduct

Genetic and environmental contribution to postural balance of older women in single and dual task situations

2005

Abstract The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of a second task on postural balance and to determine the role of genetic influences on postural balance when dual tasking among 206 monozygotic and 227 dizygotic female twins, aged 63–76 years. Balance was measured as medio-lateral and antero-posterior velocity of the centre of pressure (COP) (mm/s) and velocity moment (mm2/s) while standing on a force platform. Doing an arithmetic task increased movement of the COP while the hand motor task had no effect on movement of the COP. The genetic contribution to balance in the single task situation was minor (14%, 95% confidence interval, CI: 11–35%) whereas in the dual task sit…

Agingmedicine.medical_specialtyMovementPostureEnvironmentModels Biological050105 experimental psychologyTask (project management)Developmental psychologyCohort Studies03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePhysical medicine and rehabilitationTask Performance and AnalysisTwins DizygoticmedicinePostural BalanceHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesForce platformPostural BalanceAgedBalance (ability)General Neuroscience05 social sciencesCognitionTwins MonozygoticMiddle AgedTwin studyConfidence intervalDual (category theory)Twin Studies as TopicFemaleNeurology (clinical)Geriatrics and GerontologyPsychologyPsychomotor Performance030217 neurology & neurosurgeryDevelopmental BiologyNeurobiology of Aging
researchProduct

On monadic quantale algebras: basic properties and representation theorems

2010

Motivated by the concept of quantifier (in the sense of P. Halmos) on different algebraic structures (Boolean algebras, Heyting algebras, MV-algebras, orthomodular lattices, bounded distributive lattices) and the resulting notion of monadic algebra, the paper introduces the concept of a monadic quantale algebra, considers its properties and provides several representation theorems for the new structures.

Algebra and Number TheoryAlgebraic structureApplied MathematicsQuantaleAlgebraMathematics::LogicInterior algebraDistributive propertyComputer Science::Logic in Computer ScienceMathematics::Category TheoryBounded functionLattice (order)QuantaloidMathematicsDiscussiones Mathematicae - General Algebra and Applications
researchProduct

On a paper of Beltrán and Shao about coprime action

2020

Abstract Assume that A and G are finite groups of coprime orders such that A acts on G via automorphisms. Let p be a prime. The following coprime action version of a well-known theorem of Ito about the structure of a minimal non-p-nilpotent groups is proved: if every maximal A-invariant subgroup of G is p-nilpotent, then G is p-soluble. If, moreover, G is not p-nilpotent, then G must be soluble. Some earlier results about coprime action are consequences of this theorem.

Algebra and Number TheoryCoprime integersMathematics::Number Theory010102 general mathematicsStructure (category theory)Automorphism01 natural sciencesPrime (order theory)Action (physics)CombinatoricsMathematics::Group Theory0103 physical sciences010307 mathematical physics0101 mathematicsMathematicsJournal of Pure and Applied Algebra
researchProduct