Search results for "cations"
showing 10 items of 10791 documents
Life Cycle Energy Consumption and Carbon Dioxide Emissions of Agricultural Residue Feedstock for Bioenergy
2021
The depletion of fossil fuels and climate change concerns are drivers for the development and expansion of bioenergy. Promoting biomass is vital to move civilization toward a low-carbon economy. To meet European Union targets, it is required to increase the use of agricultural residues (including straw) for power generation. Using agricultural residues without accounting for their energy consumed and carbon dioxide emissions distorts the energy and environmental balance, and their analysis is the purpose of this study. In this paper, a life cycle analysis method is applied. The allocation of carbon dioxide emissions and energy inputs in the crop production by allocating between a product (g…
Solar and Heat Pump Systems for Domestic Hot Water Production on a Small Island: The Case Study of Lampedusa
2020
The achievement of United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, related to energy and resource use, is a critical issue for small and insulated communities. In many minor islands, solar energy is not correctly exploited, and electrical heaters are connected to weak grids with very a high share of generation by fossil fuels. As a consequence, there is the necessity to assess the potential and the suitability of diffusion of alternative systems to avoid dependency on the electrical grid and reduce carbon emissions. This paper aims to evaluate the technical and economic performances of some alternative systems exploiting renewable energy for domestic hot water production. Four different syste…
District heating networks: enhancement of the efficiency
2019
International audience; During the decades the district heating's (DH) advantages (more cost-efficient heat generation and reduced air pollution) overcompensated the additional costs of transmission and distribution of the centrally produced thermal energy to consumers. Rapid increase in the efficiency of low-power heaters, development of separated low heat density areas in cities reduce the competitiveness of the large centralized DH systems in comparison with the distributed cluster-size networks and even local heating. Reduction of transmission costs, enhancement of the network efficiency by optimization of the design of the DH networks become a critical issue. The methodology for determ…
Towards Intelligent IoT Networks: Reinforcement Learning for Reliable Backscatter Communications
2019
Backscatter communication is becoming the focal point of research for low-powered Internet of things (IoT). However, the intelligence aspect of the backscattering devices is not well-defined. Since future IoT networks are going to be a formidable platform of intelligent sensing devices operating in a self-organizing manner, it is necessary to incorporate learning capabilities in backscatter devices. Motivated by this objective, this paper aims to employ reinforcement learning for improving the performance of backscatter networks. In particular, a multicluster backscatter communication model is developed for shortrange information sharing. This is followed by a power allocation algorithm usi…
Phase-noise Impact on the Performance of mmWave-radars
2019
The impact of phase noise in Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) millimeter-wave (mmWave) radars is investigated in this paper. A FMCW signal is transmitted from the radar, reflected off a moving object and processed at a receiver in the radar. The impact of random phase noise/jitter on the performance parameters of estimated distance, speed and angle of arrival of an object is studied. Our studies show that there exists a threshold at about fifteen percent of the period of the carrier frequency, over which errors substantially manifest in the estimations. Distance estimation is less affected than speed and angle, which rely directly on the phase information for the estimations. Angl…
A 3D Non-Stationary Cluster Channel Model for Human Activity Recognition
2019
Author's accepted manuscript. © 2019 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works. This paper proposes a three-dimensional (3D) non- stationary fixed-to-fixed indoor channel simulator model for human activity recognition. The channel model enables the formulation of temporal variations of the received signal caused by a moving human. The moving human is modelled by …
Applications of Evolutionary Computation
2011
EvoCOMPLEX Contributions.- Coevolutionary Dynamics of Interacting Species.- Evolving Individual Behavior in a Multi-agent Traffic Simulator.- On Modeling and Evolutionary Optimization of Nonlinearly Coupled Pedestrian Interactions.- Revising the Trade-off between the Number of Agents and Agent Intelligence.- Sexual Recombination in Self-Organizing Interaction Networks.- Symbiogenesis as a Mechanism for Building Complex Adaptive Systems: A Review.- EvoGAMES Contributions.- Co-evolution of Optimal Agents for the Alternating Offers Bargaining Game.- Fuzzy Nash-Pareto Equilibrium: Concepts and Evolutionary Detection.- An Evolutionary Approach for Solving the Rubik's Cube Incorporating Exact Met…
Comments on “Overflow characteristics of streamlined weirs based on model experimentation” by Bagheri S. and Kabiri-Samani A
2021
Abstract In this paper the stage-discharge equation of a streamlined weir is theoretically deduced applying the Π-Theorem of dimensional analysis and the self-similarity theory. The coefficients of the new stage-discharge relationship are estimated using the experimental results by Bagheri and Kabiri-Samani.
Flow measurement using circular portable flume
2018
Abstract The circular portable flume is a simple device to measure discharge in circular drainage networks. Since the unit can be easily installed and removed, it is helpful in water distribution measurement and management. First in this paper the available studies are reviewed for highlighting the effect of both the contraction ratio and the flume slope on the stage-discharge relationship. Then the Buckingham's Theorem of the dimensional analysis and the self-similarity theory are used to deduce the stage-discharge curve of the circular flume. The new theoretical stage-discharge equation is calibrated by the literature available experimental data and those obtained in this experimental inv…
Partial Stabilization of Input-Output Contact Systems on a Legendre Submanifold
2017
This technical note addresses the structure preserving stabilization by output feedback of conservative input-output contact systems, a class of input-output Hamiltonian systems defined on contact manifolds. In the first instance, achievable contact forms in closed-loop and the associated Legendre submanifolds are analysed. In the second instance the stability properties of a hyperbolic equilibrium point of a strict contact vector field are analysed and it is shown that the stable and unstable manifolds are Legendre submanifolds. In the third instance the consequences for the design of stable structure preserving output feedback are derived: in closed-loop one may achieve stability only rel…