Search results for "causa."
showing 10 items of 647 documents
A new Framework for the Spectral Information Decomposition of Multivariate Gaussian Processes
2021
: Different information-theoretic measures are available in the literature for the study of pairwise and higher-order interactions in multivariate dynamical systems. While these measures operate in the time domain, several physiological and non-physiological systems exhibit a rich oscillatory content that is typically analyzed in the frequency domain through spectral and cross-spectral approaches. For Gaussian systems, the relation between information and spectral measures has been established considering coupling and causality measures, but not for higher-order interactions. To fill this gap, in this work we introduce an information-theoretic framework in the frequency domain to quantify t…
Data from: The strategic reference gene: an organismal theory of inclusive fitness
2019
How to define and use the concept of inclusive fitness is a contentious topic in evolutionary theory. Inclusive fitness can be used to calculate selection on a focal gene, but it is also applied to whole organisms. Individuals are then predicted to appear designed as if to maximise their inclusive fitness, provided that certain conditions are met (formally when interactions between individuals are ‘additive’). Here we argue that applying the concept of inclusive fitness to organisms is justified under far broader conditions than previously shown, but only if it is appropriately defined. Specifically, we propose that organisms should maximise the sum of their offspring (including any accrued…
Il nesso di causalità
2018
The essay deals with the issue of causation in private law, referring to the broad debate that commits the scholars of criminal law. The basic idea is that in the area of private law, both in the law in action and in the reflections of the doctrine, the causal judgment must be conducted more rigorously. The study proposes to apply in a more inflexible way the model of judgment already experimented in criminal law, corrected with the necessary adaptations to the characteristics of liability in private law and of the civil trial. The proposed model is structured on two levels: the general one of a nomologicaldeductive nature (general causation) and the other concrete one based on logical prob…
Immigrant entrepreneur firm start-up behavior and reasoning : a reflective study of causation, effectuation and bricolage
2013
Entrepreneurship research studies how and why firms come into being, survive and grow (Davidsson, 2004; Gartner, 1985; Schumpeter, 1934). Early literature has proposed a linear model of entrepreneurship which is intentional (Bird, 1988), opportunity discovery (Kirzner, 1997; Shane and Venkataraman, 2000) and goal & strategy oriented (Wiklund & Shepherd, 2005). Being a mainstream in the earlier research, it is labelled as causation model by Sarasvathy (2001). Several scholars such as Baker & Nelson (2005) and Sarasvathy (2001a, b; 2008) questioned the validity of the model and proposed two additional models to the classic model: Effectuation (Sarasvathy, 1998) and Entrepreneurial Bricolage (…
Causalità e responsabilità contrattuale (tenzone tra un giudice e un professore). Parte I: La causalità generale
2022
Il saggio si articola in due parti. Nella prima vengono affrontate le due fasi del giudizio sulla causalità materiale, soffermandosi, in particolare, sul nodo dell'individuazione delle regole di causalità generale, sul problema sistematico dell'unitarietà o meno della nozione di causalità materiale, anche alla luce della portata degli art. 40 e 41 c.p., e sulla necessità di differenziare le regole probatorie della causalità materiale nel diritto civile rispetto a quelle operanti nel diritto penale. Nella seconda parte viene approfondito il tema controverso dell'autonomo rilievo o meno della causalità materiale nella responsabilità per inadempimento delle obbligazioni di facere professionale…
Causalità e responsabilità contrattuale (tenzone tra un giudice e un professore). Parte II: La causalità materiale e le obbligazioni di facere profes…
2022
Il saggio si articola in due parti. Nella prima vengono affrontate le due fasi del giudizio sulla causalità materiale, soffermandosi, in particolare, sul nodo dell'individuazione delle regole di causalità generale, sul problema sistematico dell'unitarietà o meno della nozione di causalità materiale, anche alla luce della portata degli art. 40 e 41 c.p., e sulla necessità di differenziare le regole probatorie della causalità materiale nel diritto civile rispetto a quelle operanti nel diritto penale. Nella seconda parte viene approfondito il tema controverso dell'autonomo rilievo o meno della causalità materiale nella responsabilità per inadempimento delle obbligazioni di facere professionale…
Prediction and Control: The Specific Role of Business Angels in the Investment Process
2019
International audience; Entrepreneurs and related investors (business angels and venture capitalists) rely on different types of rationalities. Extant research suggests that conflicts resulting from misunderstanding can emerge between entrepreneurs and investors when they adopt different rationalities but must switch those rationalities because of the maturity of their ventures and the degree of uncertainty they face. Relying on three in-depth case studies, this research contributes to both entrepreneurship and effectuation literature by emphasizing the specific role of business angels in helping entrepreneurs switch rationalities when necessary to attract funding resources from venture cap…
Segmentando el mercado de internautas atendiendo a su nivel de afinidad: (I)fuerte, (II)medio y (III)débil
2017
Esta investigación pretende confrontar el Marketing con Causa con el Marketing de Afinidad. Para ello se descompone la audiencia de una campaña de Marketing con Causa viral en segmentos de internautas con distinto nivel de afinidad: i) fuerte (con experiencia previa de marca y de causa); ii) medio (con experiencia previa o de marca o de causa); iii) débil (sin experiencia previa ni de marca ni de causa). El objetivo es justificar la utilidad de este criterio como vía para optimizar el resultado de la comunicación segmentada. Con dicho fin, se ha estudiado un caso real planteado de forma experimental midiendo las actitudes de una muestra de 276 internautas antes y después de visualizar un sp…
Neural networks with non-uniform embedding and explicit validation phase to assess Granger causality
2015
A challenging problem when studying a dynamical system is to find the interdependencies among its individual components. Several algorithms have been proposed to detect directed dynamical influences between time series. Two of the most used approaches are a model-free one (transfer entropy) and a model-based one (Granger causality). Several pitfalls are related to the presence or absence of assumptions in modeling the relevant features of the data. We tried to overcome those pitfalls using a neural network approach in which a model is built without any a priori assumptions. In this sense this method can be seen as a bridge between model-free and model-based approaches. The experiments perfo…
Abstract. Towards a Theory of Cognitive Responsibility: Action, Perception and Normativity from Plato to Searle.
2011
The talk articulates the normative commitments allowing us to consider perceptual experience as a form of knowledge - that is, as a form of the human activity situated in the normative space of reason of which we can be held responsible. More specifically, John Searle's characterization of the logical structure of perceptual experiences as causally selfreferential intentional states can be developed into an account of the causal and normative-intentional aspects of experience, the genealogy of which can be traced back to Plato's Theaetetus and Meno. In these dialogues, in fact, a picture of experience as "knowledge" seems to be based on a specific "reasoning about the cause" as the specific…