Search results for "causa."
showing 10 items of 647 documents
Happy Aged People Are All Alike, While Every Unhappy Aged Person Is Unhappy in Its Own Way
2011
Aging of the world’s population represents one of the most remarkable success stories of medicine and of humankind, but it is also a source of various challenges. The aim of the collaborative cross-cultural European study of adult well being (ESAW) is to frame the concept of aging successfully within a causal model that embraces physical health and functional status, cognitive efficacy, material security, social support resources, and life activity. Within the framework of this project, we show here that the degree of heterogeneity among people who view aging in a positive light is significantly lower than the degree of heterogeneity of those who hold a negative perception of aging. We base…
Is physical activity a cause of longevity? It is not as straightforward as some would believe. A critical analysis
2018
There are discrepant findings between (A) observational follow-ups and (B) interventional studies that investigate possible causal association between high physical activity and low mortality. Participation in vigorous physical activity at a specific time-point is an indicator of good fitness and health, and is associated with a reduced risk of death. However, neither randomised controlled trials nor experimental animal studies have provided conclusive evidence to show that physical activity started during adulthood extends lifespan. Consequently, the undisputed health-related benefits of exercise have yet to translate into any proven causal relationship with longevity. Physical activity im…
Chance and Causality in Ageing and Longevity
2019
Longevity is not a matter of genes. This is the message that appeared last year in all the newspapers of the world, according to a study due to a joint venture between the statisticians of Ancestry and Calico Life Sciences that has dissected the genealogical trees of 400 million individuals, tracing back generations, and including dates of birth, death, places, and family ties. The genes would have little to do with longevity: in a percentage perhaps even less than 10% [1]. However, this extensive study has analysed the influence of genetics in terms of lifespan, but not in terms of longevity. Longevity may be defined in relative and absolute terms [2]. Longevity, indeed, may be considered …
A high dietary glycemic index increases total mortality in a Mediterranean population at high cardiovascular risk
2014
© 2014 Castro-Quezada et al. Objective: Different types of carbohydrates have diverse glycemic response, thus glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) are used to assess this variation. The impact of dietary GI and GL in all-cause mortality is unknown. The objective of this study was to estimate the association between dietary GI and GL and risk of all-cause mortality in the PREDIMED study. Material and Methods: The PREDIMED study is a randomized nutritional intervention trial for primary cardiovascular prevention based on community-dwelling men and women at high risk of cardiovascular disease. Dietary information was collected at baseline and yearly using a validated 137-item food freque…
Disability, physical activity, and muscle strength in older women: The women's health and aging study
1999
Abstract Objective: To study associations of motor disability, physical activity, and muscle strength in older women, in particular to investigate whether model of spiraling decrease is expressed in the data. Design: Cross-sectional analysis using data from the base-line measurements of The Women's Health and Aging Study (WHAS). Setting: Participants' homes. Participants: A total of 1,002 disabled women aged 65 years and older living in the community. Outcome Measures: Motor disability was measured by the number of self-reported difficulties in grasping, lifting 101b, walking across a small room, walking 14 mile, climbing 10 steps, and doing heavy housework. Level of physical activity was d…
Granger causality analysis of sleep brain-heart interactions
2014
We studied the networks of Granger causality (GC) between the time series of cardiac vagal autonomic activity and brain wave activities, measured respectively as the normalized high frequency (HF) component of heart rate variability and EEG power in the δ, θ, α, Ï, β bands, computed in 10 healthy subjects during sleep. GC analysis was performed by vector autoregressive modeling, and significance of each link in the network was assessed using F-statistics. The whole-night analysis revealed the existence of a fully connected network of brain-heart and brain-brain interactions, with the à EEG power acting as a hub which conveys the largest number of GC links between the heart and brain n…
Happy-Productive Teams and Work Units: A Systematic Review of the ‘Happy-Productive Worker Thesis’
2019
The happy-productive worker thesis (HPWT) assumes that happy employees perform better. Given the relevance of teams and work-units in organizations, our aim is to analyze the state of the art on happy-productive work-units (HPWU) through a systematic review and integrate existing research on different collective well-being constructs and collective performance. Research on HPWU (30 studies, 2001-2018) has developed through different constructs of well-being (hedonic: team satisfaction, group affect; and eudaimonic: team engagement) and diverse operationalizations of performance (self-rated team performance, leader-rated team performance, customers' satisfaction, and objective indicators), t…
Proprioception but not cardiac interoception is related to the rubber hand illusion
2020
The rubber hand illusion (RHI) is a widely used tool in the study of multisensory integration. It develops as the interaction of temporally consistent visual and tactile input, which can overwrite proprioceptive information. Theoretically, the accuracy of proprioception may influence the proneness to the RHI but this has received little research attention to date. Concerning the role of cardioceptive information, the available empirical evidence is equivocal. The current study aimed to test the impact of proprioceptive and cardioceptive input on the RHI. 60 undergraduate students (32 females) completed sensory tasks assessing proprioceptive accuracy with respect to the angle of the elbow jo…
Perdere il senno e darsi la morte. Due casi singolari di punizione divina nelle Storie di Erodoto (V 85; VI, 75)
2016
Scopo di questo paper è l’analisi dei temi della follia e del suicidio nella struttura narrativa di Erodoto. I due episodi esaminati sono: a) il racconto della pazzia che colpì gli Ateniesi, che avevano tentato invano di sottrarre agli Egineti le sacre statue di Damia e Auxesia; b) la storia dei disaccordi tra i due re spartani Demarato e Cleomene e il loro tragico esito. Questi due episodi sono profondamente interconnessi: attraverso i rimandi interni, suggeriti dalle scelte linguistiche dello storico, noi vogliamo infine riflettere sul modello causale erodoteo. The aim of this paper is the analysis of the themes of madness and suicide in the narrative structure of Herodotus. Two episodes …
Mathematical properties of nested residues and their application to multi-loop scattering amplitudes
2021
Journal of high energy physics 02(2), 112 (2021). doi:10.1007/JHEP02(2021)112