Search results for "cells"

Tiam1 as a Signaling Mediator of Nerve Growth Factor-Dependent Neurite Outgrowth

2010

Nerve Growth Factor (NGF)-induced neuronal differentiation requires the activation of members of the Rho family of small GTPases. However, the molecular mechanisms through which NGF regulates cytoskeletal changes and neurite outgrowth are not totally understood. In this work, we identify the Rac1-specific guanine exchange factor (GEF) Tiam1 as a novel mediator of NGF/TrkA-dependent neurite elongation. In particular, we report that knockdown of Tiam1 causes a significant reduction in Rac1 activity and neurite outgrowth induced by NGF. Physical interaction between Tiam1 and active Ras (Ras- GTP), but not tyrosine phosphorylation of Tiam1, plays a central role in Rac1 activation by NGF. In add…

Enterobacter cloacae administration induces hepatic damage and subcutaneous fat accumulation in high-fat diet fed mice.

2018

Accumulating evidence indicates that gut microbiota plays a significant role in obesity, insulin resistance and associated liver disorders. Family Enterobacteriaceae and especially Enterobacter cloacae strain B29 have been previously linked to obesity and hepatic damage. The underlying mechanisms, however, remain unclear. Therefore, we comprehensively examined the effects of E. cloacae subsp. cloacae (ATCC® 13047™) administration on host metabolism of mice fed with high-fat diet (HFD). C57BL/6N mice were randomly divided into HFD control, chow control, and E. cloacae treatment groups. The E. cloacae treatment group received live bacterial cells in PBS intragastrically twice a week, every ot…

Spectral entropy based neuronal network synchronization analysis based on microelectrode array measurements

2016

Synchrony and asynchrony are essential aspects of the functioning of interconnected neuronal cells and networks. New information on neuronal synchronization can be expected to aid in understanding these systems. Synchronization provides insight in the functional connectivity and the spatial distribution of the information processing in the networks. Synchronization is generally studied with time domain analysis of neuronal events, or using direct frequency spectrum analysis, e.g., in specific frequency bands. However, these methods have their pitfalls. Thus, we have previously proposed a method to analyze temporal changes in the complexity of the frequency of signals originating from differ…

KOSMOS 2017 Peru Side Experiment: nutrients, phytoplankton abundances, enzyme rates, photophysiology

2022

This data was collected during an short-term incubation experiment in March 2017 that investigated the response of a surface plankton community to upwelling. This experiment was carried in the framework of the SFB754-funded KOSMOS mesocosm study that took place in La Punta, Callao, Peru between February-April 2017. A total of six different treatments were used to disentangle chemical and biological characteristics of deep water that influence surface plankton blooms: 2 different deep water sources with different nutrient concentrations; 3 treatments to distinguish the effects of inorganic nutrients, organic nutrients and deep water microbial populations. Measured variables include inorganic…

Biological and Proteomic Characterization of the Anti-Cancer Potency of Aqueous Extracts from Cell-Free Coelomic Fluid of Arbacia lixula Sea Urchin i…

2022

Echinoderms are an acknowledged source of bioactive compounds exerting various beneficial effects on human health. Here, we examined the potential in vitro anti-hepatocarcinoma effects of aqueous extracts of the cell-free coelomic fluid obtained from the sea urchin Arbacia lixula using the HepG2 cell line as a model system. This was accomplished by employing a combination of colorimetric, microscopic and flow cytometric assays to determine cell viability, cell cycle distribution, the possible onset of apoptosis, the accumulation rate of acidic vesicular organelles, mitochondrial polarization, cell redox state and cell locomotory ability. The obtained data show that exposed HepG2 cells under…

The Anti-Cancer Effect of

2019

Ethanolic extracts from Mangifera indica L. have been proved to possess anti-tumor properties in many cancer systems. However, although most effects have been demonstrated with fruit pulp extract, the underlying molecular mechanisms of mango peel are still unclear. This study was designed to explore the effects of mango peel extract (MPE) on colon cancer cell lines. MPE affected cell viability and inhibited the colony formation trend of tumor cells, while no effects were observed in human dermal fibroblasts used as a non-cancerous cell line model. These events were a consequence of the induction of apoptosis associated to reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, activation of players of th…

Development of Bioimage Analysis tools for the study of neurogenesis and neurodegeneration

2021

ANTECEDENTES La combinación sinérgica de métodos automatizados de captura y análisis de bioimagen está emergiendo como un enfoque de vanguardia para abordar muchas cuestiones biológicas. Sin embargo, hay muchos campos en los que estas técnicas aún no se implementan y, en cambio, todavía se basan en la inspección visual y el análisis manual, que inevitablemente limitan el rendimiento alcanzable y son más propensos a introducir el sesgo del investigador. Por lo tanto, aún queda un gran esfuerzo por hacer en la difusión del uso de tecnologías de bioimagen de vanguardia en los campos de las ciencias de la vida con una gran dependencia de métodos de microscopía. En la presente tesis, nuestro obj…

Inhibition of Hsp60 expression by doxorubicin and replicative senescence instauration in mucoepidermoid carcinoma cells

2014

Effect of dietary omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids on IOP elevation, electroretinographic changes and retinal ganglion cell loss in a laser-induced ra…

2008

International audience; Purpose:To test the efficacy of dietary omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids in a rat model of glaucoma induced by laser photocoagulation.Methods:Male Sprague Dawley rats were fed for 3 months with a diet containing either: 1) 17% of omega-3 fatty acids (10% EPA + 7% DHA), 2) 10% of omega-6 fatty acids (as GLA), or 3) a combination of both omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids (10% EPA + 7% DHA + 10% GLA), by comparison with a control group of animals fed with a standard diet deprived of EPA, DHA and GLA (n=10 in each group). After 3 months of diet, glaucoma was induced in one eye of each animal by laser photocoagulation (532nm) of the episcleral veins, the trabeculum and the l…

Is Saffron Able to Prevent the Dysregulation of Retinal Cytokines Induced by Ocular Hypertension in Mice?

2021

Cytokine- and chemokine-mediated signalling is involved in the neuroinflammatory process that leads to retinal ganglion cell (RGC) damage in glaucoma. Substances with anti-inflammatory properties could decrease these cytokines and chemokines and thus prevent RGC death. The authors of this study analysed the anti-inflammatory effect of a hydrophilic saffron extract standardized to 3% crocin content, focusing on the regulation of cytokine and chemokine production, in a mouse model of unilateral laser-induced ocular hypertension (OHT). We demonstrated that following saffron treatment, most of the concentration of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-17), anti-inflammatory cyt…