Search results for "centralization"
showing 10 items of 96 documents
Privatisation, decentralisation and production adjustment in the Russian defence industry
1998
PRIVATISATION IN THE DEFENCE INDUSTRY was until 1993 characterised by two features. Firstly, it affected a small number of organisations considered not too important within the sector. Nevertheless, one must point out that, at the end of 1992, some outstanding companies from the defence sector started to be privatised, which marked the first extension of the phenomenon to this sector of the economy. Secondly, the privatisation in this early period lacked organisation and control. Legislation was passed in 1993 with the aim of establishing some order in the privatisation process in the defence industry. From that time (until 1996) the idea was to foster a broad privatisation process with a v…
Decentralization and growth: what if the cross-jurisdiction approach had met a dead end?
2013
International audience; The relationship between decentralization and economic growth is generally studied from a perspective stressing universal or quasi-universal regularities across jurisdictions. That approach has generated many insights but seems to reach its limits. The paper explains why it allows contrasting positions with regard to the benefits of decentralization even among proponents of free and competitive markets. And it seems from the empirical literature that no robust and economically significant cross-jurisdiction relation between decentralization and economic performance or growth, except perhaps their independence, has been found. The absence of a relation valid across ju…
Making Business Partners: A Case Study on how Management Accounting Culture was Changed
2007
Abstract There has been a lot of debate on the new business-oriented role of management accountants during recent years. This paper examines how a case company is trying to change its management accounting culture in practice. Furthermore, it illustrates how accounting practices are woven into the cultural fabric of an organization and the great diversity of practices constituting its business orientation. This longitudinal case study explores and theorizes the multiple cultural change interventions related to management accounting, including how the case company reorganized the management accounting organization, implemented new accounting systems and innovations, pursued a new kind of hum…
: Policies of decentralization in education : international diversity, theoretical reasoning, empirical evidence
2004
Over the past two decades, decentralization of governments has become common throughout the world. The education sector is no exception. Countries with diverse economic, spatial, demographic and educational features have implemented significant decentralization reforms. The traditional typology of educational functions, characterized by contrasts between central states federal states has grown enriched with families of newly decentralized educational systems. However, despite the polical popularity of decentralization reforms, neither economic and political theories nor empirical evaluations give consistent grounds for this worldwide trend. Despite an impressive amount of literature, mainly…
L'Impact des programmes de formation continue sur les compétences professionnelles des enseignants dans le contexte éducatif syrien (cas de l'enseign…
2014
As in nearly all countries, educational authorities in Syria have concerns about improving the quality of education and about there forms they seek to implement to give teachers the opportunity to acquire new knowledge and skills before and once they start teaching, especially in the context of economic and social change of the magnitude the world lives today. The complexity of the educational context has led the Syrian educational authorities to pay particular attention to programs for initial and continuous training of teachers. To assess the effectiveness of continuous training programs that currently exist in Syria, this thesis has set as its objective to analyze the impact of these pro…
La concepción gubernamental del desarrollo local en cuba, déficits y limitaciones
2016
Resumen . Cuba presenta una realidad politica, economica y social que en gran medida dificulta la aplicacion de politicas de desarrollo local. Esto se debe, fundamentalmente, al centralizador poder estatal; el que impide no solo la puesta en marcha de novedosos disenos de proyectos locales, sino que ademas impide a algunos de sus propios organismos llevar a termino tal cometido. El gobierno revolucionario instaurado en 1959 tuvo entre sus primeras medidas reducir la capacidad juridica de los municipios. En la decada de los anos 90, luego del derrumbe del campo socialista, el gobierno redirigio su politica economica para garantizar su supervivencia en el mundo capitalista. La reforma implico…
Horizontal Competition Among Governments
2005
Governments situated on the same level of a multi-level governmental system compete with each other as well as with those placed higher or lower. This paper is concerned with horizontal competition only. It discusses both competition based on the mobility of agents (individuals, business firms, or factors) and competition related to the circulation of information. With regard to the first kind, it focuses on the capacity that governments keep to decide their policies and compete in spite of the mobility of agents. Some attention is also given to the implications of some non-standard assumptions about the underlying political setup. The discussion of information-based competition includes th…
Vertical competition in a unitary state
2000
The paper is concerned with what Albert Breton, in his theory of competitive federalism has called vertical competition, that is, competition between governments situated at different levels. However its setting is government systems that are unitary rather than federal and structured around three or four levels of government rather than the two often implicitly assumed. The paper tries to show that these characteristics may offer a partial solution to what is perhaps the major problem raised by vertical competition, that is, how winners in a vertical contest get protected against retaliation by the losers when the latter can change the rules (which are not constitutionally entrenched). In …
Is R&D Enough to Take Advantage From External Knowledge?: Focusing on Coordination Mechanisms
2014
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the role of research and development (R&D) and coordination mechanisms (such as decentralization in decision-making and formalization of organizational processes) in the transformation of external knowledge into innovation results. We use survey data for performing standard ordinary least squares regressions in a representative sample of firms from the Spanish Ceramic Tile Industry. The results suggest that R&D is an important moderator influencing the relationship between acquiring external knowledge and innovation outcomes. Second, formalization tends to have a detrimental effect in the transformation of external knowledge into innovation outputs. T…
Decentralization, the State and Conflicts over Local Boundaries in Northern Ghana
2006
Decentralization projects, such as that initiated by the Rawlings government in Ghana at the end of the 1980s, create a political space in which the relations between local political communities and the state are re-negotiated. In many cases, the devolution of power intensifies special-interest politics and political mobilization aiming at securing a ‘larger share of the national cake’, that is, more state funds, infrastructure and posts for the locality. To legitimate their claims vis-a-vis the state, civic associations (‘hometown’ unions), traditional rulers and other non-state institutions often invoke some form of ‘natural’ solidarity, and decentralization projects thus become arenas of…