Search results for "cerebral"

THE ROLE OF THROMBIN IN CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM ACTIVITY AND STROKE

2018

Background. Thrombin is a key factor of hemostasis, mediating the conversion of fibrinogen into fibrin. Along with prothrombin, of which thrombin is the active derivative, it has been found locally expressed in the central nervous system. This article aims to describe the role of thrombin in the normal functioning of the central nervous system and stroke.Methods. In this mini-review, the specialized databases Medscape, PubMed, and Web of Science, from the years 2003-2018, were used to find relevant documents by using MeSH terms: ”thrombin” and ”stroke”.Results. Prothrombin and thrombin influence neural development, protection and regeneration, thrombin being a relatively strong regulating f…

A Neurosurgical Stratagem: Doing the Same with Less?

2017

Tissue Oxygenation in Normal and Edematous Brain Cortex During Arterial Hypocapnia

1984

Since arterial hypocapnia causes a cerebral blood flow decrease, hypocapnic conditions are induced in patients with severe traumatic brain injury by controlled hyperventilation in order to reduce the intracranial pressure (Gordon, 1971). Beneficial effects on the clinical course of patients, however, can be observed only under conditions of moderate hypocapnia. As shown by animal experiments severe arterial hypocapnia results in insufficient oxygen supply conditions in brain tissue (Grote et al., 1981), which subsequently influences the brain metabolism (Granholm et al., 1969, 1971) and counteracts the influence of hypocapnia on cerebral blood flow regulation (Grote et al., 1981). The prese…

Applied Anatomy of the Cerebral Arteries

1991

Four arteries supply the brain with blood: the two carotid and the two vertebral arteries. Although these four vessels are ultimately interlinked via a basal arterial network, the circle of Willis, and anastomoses at the brain surface, Heubner’s anastomoses, it is useful to distinguish anterior (carotid anterior and middle cerebral) and posterior (vertebrobasilar posterior cerebral) vascular territories (Gillian 1957, 1968; Lazorthes 1961; Kaplan and Ford 1966; Ganshirt 1972; Seeger 1978; Dorndorf 1983; Duus 1983).

Cellular Acetylcholine Receptor Expression in the Brain of Patients with Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Dementia

1995

Binding studies and receptor autoradiography reveal the overall changes of acetylcholine receptors (AChR) in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s dementia cortices.2,5 A detailed account of these changes requires a study of neurochemical phenotype of individual neurons as basic elements of networks constituting the substrate of cortical functions.4 Examples will be given for cell-type specific AChR localization in normal and diseased human cerebral cortex.

Tentorial Incision vs. Retraction of the Tentorial Edge during the Subtemporal Approach: Anatomical Comparison in Cadaveric Dissections and Retrospec…

2018

Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to compare tentorial incision (group A) versus retraction and tack up suture (group B) of the tentorial edge during the subtemporal approach for surgery in the high basilar region. Design 24 cadaveric dissections and 4 clinical cases of aneurysms of the high basilar region are presented. Assessment included visibility and operability afforded by either tentorial incision creating a dural flap (group A) or retraction of the tentorial edge and tethering with a suture (group B). Four patients, two with superior cerebellar artery aneurysms and two with proximal posterior cerebral artery aneurysms were treated with each approach. Results In the quanti…

Prenatal exposure to cannabinoids evokes long-lasting functional alterations by targeting CB 1 receptors on developing cortical neurons

2015

The CB1 cannabinoid receptor, the main target of Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the most prominent psychoactive compound of marijuana, plays a crucial regulatory role in brain development as evidenced by the neurodevelopmental consequences of its manipulation in animal models. Likewise, recreational cannabis use during pregnancy affects brain structure and function of the progeny. However, the precise neurobiological substrates underlying the consequences of prenatal THC exposure remain unknown. As CB1 signaling is known to modulate long-range corticofugal connectivity, we analyzed the impact of THC exposure on cortical projection neuron development. THC administration to pregnant mice in…

Cerebral aneurysm

2014

An unusual cause of cerebral cardioembolism in a 33-year-old man due to ventricular noncompaction

2009

N.A.

Intensiivisen ryhmäkuntoutuksen yhteys vaikeavammaisen CP-lapsen karkeamotoriikkaan

2011

TIIVISTELMÄ Intensiivisen ryhmäkuntoutuksen yhteys vaikeavammaisen CP-lapsen karkeamotoriikkaan Annakaisa Loiri ja Sirpa Silaste Fysioterapian Progradututkielma Jyväskylän yliopisto Liikunta- ja terveystieteiden tiedekunta, terveystieteiden laitos Syksy 2011 46 sivua ________________________________________________________________________________ Tämän tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli selvittää intensiivisen moniammatillisen ryhmäkuntoutuksen yhteyttä vaikeavammaisen CP-lapsen karkeamotoriikkaan. Tutkimuksen hypoteesina oli, että intensiivinen moniammatillinen kurssimuotoinen ryhmäkuntoutus on tehokkaampaa kuin kuntoutussuunnitelman mukainen perusterapia vaikeavammaisilla CP-lapsilla. Tutkimus…