Search results for "character"

showing 10 items of 2956 documents

Automated classification of focal breast lesions according to S-detect: validation and role as a clinical and teaching tool

2018

Abstract PURPOSE: To assess the diagnostic performance and the potential as a teaching tool of S-detect in the assessment of focal breast lesions. METHODS: 61 patients (age 21-84 years) with benign breast lesions in follow-up or candidate to pathological sampling or with suspicious lesions candidate to biopsy were enrolled. The study was based on a prospective and on a retrospective phase. In the prospective phase, after completion of baseline US by an experienced breast radiologist and S-detect assessment, 5 operators with different experience and dedication to breast radiology performed elastographic exams. In the retrospective phase, the 5 operators performed a retrospective assessment a…

Pattern Recognition Automated030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging0302 clinical medicineTeaching toolCADSampling (medicine)Prospective StudiesBreastbreast tumorsProspective cohort studyDiagnosis Computer aidedUltrasonographyAged 80 and overContingency tableEducation Medicalmedicine.diagnostic_testGeneral MedicineMiddle Aged030220 oncology & carcinogenesissymbolsElasticity Imaging TechniquesOriginal ArticleUltrasonography MammaryRadiologyElastographyAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyBI-RADSBreast NeoplasmsSensitivity and Specificitynuclear medicine and imagingYoung Adultbreast lesion characterization; breast tumors; CAD; S-detect; US-elastography; internal medicine; radiology nuclear medicine and imaging03 medical and health sciencessymbols.namesakeUS-elastographyImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedBiopsyInternal MedicinemedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingAgedRetrospective Studiesbusiness.industryRetrospective cohort studybreast lesion characterizationradiologyBonferroni correctionS-detectFeasibility StudiesNeoplasmSettore MED/36 - Diagnostica Per Immagini E RadioterapiabusinessFollow-Up StudiesJournal of Ultrasound
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Half-width plots, a simple tool to predict peak shape, reveal column kinetics and characterise chromatographic columns in liquid chromatography: Stat…

2013

Peak profiles in chromatography are characterised by their height, position, width and asymmetry; the two latter depend on the values of the left and right peak half-widths. Simple correlations have been found between the peak half-widths and the retention times. The representation of such correlations has been called half-width plots. For isocratic elution, the plots are parabolic, although often, the parabolas can be approximated to straight-lines. The plots can be obtained with the half-widths/retention time data for a set of solutes experiencing the same kinetics, eluted with a mobile phase at fixed or varying composition. When the analysed solutes experience different resistance to mas…

Peak profiles in chromatography are characterised by their height position width and asymmetry; the two latter depend on the values of the left and right peak half-widths. Simple correlations have been found between the peak half-widths and the retention times. The representation of such correlations has been called half-width plots. For isocratic elution the plots are parabolic although often the parabolas can be approximated to straight-lines. The plots can be obtained with the half-widths/retention time data for a set of solutes experiencing the same kinetics eluted with a mobile phase at fixed or varying composition. When the analysed solutes experience different resistance to mass transfer the plots will be solute dependent and should be obtained with the data for each solute eluted with mobile phases at varying composition. The half-width plots approach is a simple tool that facilitates the prediction of peak shape (width and asymmetry) with optimisation purposes reveal the interaction kinetics of solutes in different columns and characterise chromatographic columns. This work shows half-width plots for different situations in isocratic elution including the use of different flows the effect of temperature the modification of the stationary phase surface by an additive the existence of specific interactions within the column and the comparison of columns. The adaptation to gradient elution is also described. Previous knowledge on half-width plots is structured and analysed to which new results are added.Work (thermodynamics)Column characterisationmedia_common.quotation_subjectKineticsLiquid chromatographyAnalytical chemistryHalf-widthsInteraction kineticsBiochemistryAsymmetryAnalytical ChemistryPeak shapeColumn (typography)Position (vector)Mass transferPhase (matter)media_commonChromatographyElutionChemistryOrganic ChemistryGeneral MedicineModels TheoreticalKineticsPredictionChromatography LiquidJournal of Chromatography A
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Determinants of self-reported smoking and misclassification during pregnancy, and analysis of optimal cut-off points for urinary cotinine: a cross-se…

2013

10 p. Objectives: To estimate the prevalence and factors associated with smoking and misclassification in pregnant women from INMA (INfancia y Medio Ambiente, Environment and Childhood) project, Spain, and to assess the optimal cut-offs for urinary cotinine (UC) that best distinguish daily and occasional smokers with varying levels of second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure.-- Design: We used logistic regression models to study the relationship between sociodemographic variables and self-reported smoking and misclassification (self-reported non-smokers with UC >50 ng/ml). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to calculate the optimal cut-off point for discriminating smokers. The…

PediatricsCross-sectional studyEpidemiologyurinalysisLogistic regressionToxicologychemistry.chemical_compoundEpidemiology1506accuracyObstetricsadultarticleGeneral Medicinefemalematernal smokingbiomarkerwomenPublic Health1716medicine.medical_specialtyUrinary systemprevalencedisease classificationself reportsmokerssmokingmedicine1724controlled studycotininehumanSmoking and TobaccoPregnancypassive smokingReceiver operating characteristicMEDICINEbusiness.industryResearchinterviewmedicine.diseasemajor clinical studythird trimester pregnancy1692pregnant womancessationchemistrysensitivity and specificityexposure1734Cut-offPreventive MedicinebusinessCotinine
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Exposure to trihalomethanes through different water uses and birth weight, small for gestational age, and preterm delivery in Spain

2011

Background: Evidence associating exposure to water disinfection by-products with reduced birth weight and altered duration of gestation remains inconclusive. Objective: We assessed exposure to trihalomethanes (THMs) during pregnancy through different water uses and evaluated the association with birth weight, small for gestational age (SGA), low birth weight (LBW), and preterm delivery. Methods: Mother–child cohorts set up in five Spanish areas during the years 2000–2008 contributed data on water ingestion, showering, bathing, and swimming in pools. We ascertained residential THM levels during pregnancy periods through ad hoc sampling campaigns (828 measurements) and regulatory data (264 me…

PediatricsFetus -- CreixementBathingHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisEspaña:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings]Cohort Studies:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Models Theoretical [Medical Subject Headings]small for gestational agePregnancynewbornFemeninosExposición a Riesgos Ambientales:Phenomena and Processes::Reproductive and Urinary Physiological Phenomena::Reproductive Physiological Phenomena::Reproductive Physiological Processes::Reproduction::Pregnancy [Medical Subject Headings]:Geographicals::Geographic Locations::Europe::Spain [Medical Subject Headings]water pollutionInfeccions respiratòries -- EpidemiologiaAdultodisinfection by-products:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Infant::Infant Newborn::Infant Low Birth Weight [Medical Subject Headings]Modelos TeóricosEnvironmental exposurepremature birthNacimiento PrematuroHumanos:Health Care::Environment and Public Health::Public Health::Environmental Pollution::Environmental Exposure [Medical Subject Headings]:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Models Statistical::Logistic Models [Medical Subject Headings]Premature birthInfant Small for Gestational AgeGestation:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Infant::Infant Newborn::Infant Low Birth Weight::Infant Small for Gestational Age [Medical Subject Headings]Femaleepidemiologymedicine.symptomAigua -- DepuracióAdultmedicine.medical_specialtytrihalomethanesContaminantes Químicos del AguaEmbarazoBirth weight:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Infant::Infant Newborn [Medical Subject Headings]Embaràs -- Aspectes nutricionalsRecién nacidoRecién Nacido Pequeño para la Edad GestacionalEnvironmental healthmedicine:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult [Medical Subject Headings]cohort studyModelos LogísticosHumanslow birth weightEpidemiologiaRecién Nacido de Bajo Peso:Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Hydrocarbons::Hydrocarbons Halogenated::Trihalomethanes [Medical Subject Headings]Pregnancybusiness.industryTrihalometanoResearchPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthInfant Newbornbirth weightEnvironmental ExposureInfant Low Birth WeightModels Theoreticalmedicine.diseaseLow birth weightLogistic Models:Check Tags::Female [Medical Subject Headings]Spain:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Epidemiologic Study Characteristics as Topic::Epidemiologic Studies::Cohort Studies [Medical Subject Headings]Small for gestational age:Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Toxic Actions::Environmental Pollutants::Water Pollutants::Water Pollutants Chemical [Medical Subject Headings]:Diseases::Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications::Pregnancy Complications::Obstetric Labor Complications::Obstetric Labor Premature::Premature Birth [Medical Subject Headings]businessEstudios de CohortesWater Pollutants Chemical
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Total plasma protein in very preterm babies: prognostic value and comparison with illness severity scores

2013

International audience; OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate the predictive value for severe adverse outcome of plasma protein measurements on day one of life in very preterm infants and to compare total plasma protein levels with the validated illness severity scores CRIB, CRIB-II, SNAP-II and SNAPPE-II, regarding their predictive ability for severe adverse outcome. METHODS: We analyzed a cohort of infants born at 24-31 weeks gestation, admitted to the tertiary intensive care unit of a university hospital over 10.5 years. The outcome measure was "severe adverse outcome" defined as death before discharge or severe neurological injury on cranial ultrasound. The adjusted odd ratio (aOR) and 95%…

PediatricsMultivariate analysisCritical Care and Emergency MedicineEpidemiology[ SDV.MHEP.PED ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatricslcsh:MedicinePediatricslaw.inventionCohort Studies0302 clinical medicinelawInfant Very Low Birth Weight030212 general & internal medicineProspective StudiesPediatric Epidemiologylcsh:ScienceMultidisciplinaryArea under the curveBlood ProteinsIntensive care unit3. Good healthCohortMedicineInfant PrematureResearch Articlemedicine.medical_specialtyPediatric Critical CareClinical Research DesignBirth weightFluid Management03 medical and health sciencesHypoproteinemia030225 pediatricsInternal medicinemedicineHumansPrematureRetrospective StudiesNutrition[SDV.MHEP.PED]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/PediatricsReceiver operating characteristicbusiness.industryVery Low Birth Weightlcsh:RInfant NewbornInfantmedicine.diseaseNewbornConfidence intervallcsh:QNeonatologybusiness
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Risk of Hospitalized Falls and Hip Fractures in 22,103 Older Adults Receiving Mental Health Care vs 161,603 Controls: A Large Cohort Study.

2020

Abstract: Objectives: To investigate the risk of hospitalized fall or hip fracture among older adults using mental health services. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting and Participants: Residents of a South London catchment aged >60 years receiving specialist mental health care between 2008 and 2016. Measures: Falls and/or a hip fracture leading to hospitalization were ascertained from linked national records. Incidence rates and incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were age- and gender-standardized to the catchment population. Multivariable survival analyses were applied investigating falls and/or hip fractures as outcomes. Results: In 22,103 older adults, incidence rates were 60.1 per 100…

PediatricsNursing(all)Hip fractureCohort Studies0302 clinical medicineRisk FactorsLondon*mental illnessOriginal Study030212 general & internal medicineGeneral Nursingeducation.field_of_studyHip fracture*substance use disordersubstance use disorderIncidenceHealth PolicyIncidence (epidemiology)General Medicinemental illnessMental Healthpopulation characteristicsmedicine.symptom/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2900medicine.medical_specialtyPopulation03 medical and health sciencesfalls dementiaparasitic diseasesmedicineHumansBipolar disordermental illneeducationAgedRetrospective StudiesHip Fracturesbusiness.industry*schizophreniaRetrospective cohort study/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2700/2717*Hip fracture/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2700/2719medicine.diseaseMental illnessMental healthschizophreniaDeliriumAccidental FallsHuman medicine*falls dementiaGeriatrics and Gerontologybusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Precisión diagnóstica del termómetro de distrés en neoplasias hematológicas

2016

Objective: The present study extends the previous investigation about validity and diagnostic accuracy of the DT for detecting psychosocial distress among Spanish cancer patients. The Distress Thermometer (DT) is a common screening tool, but other methods –such as Impact Thermometer (IT)- have recently been proposed with the aim of improving its diagnostic accuracy. In this paper, we investigated the emotional symptomatology captured by the DT, and the diagnostic accuracy of both the DT alone and combined with the IT, using two possible combination methods. Methods: A sample of 81 adult patients with hematologic cancer completed the DT, the Colored Complaint Scale (CCS), the IT and the Brie…

Pediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtyAdult patientsHealth professionalsReceiver operating characteristicClinical PracticeClinical PsychologyDistressOncologymedicineDistress ThermometerPsychologyCombination methodPsychosocialCartographyPsicooncología
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PMT: New analytical framework for automated evaluation of geo-environmental modelling approaches

2019

Geospatial computation, data transformation to a relevant statistical software, and step-wise quantitative performance assessment can be cumbersome, especially when considering that the entire modelling procedure is repeatedly interrupted by several input/output steps, and the self-consistency and self-adaptive response to the modelled data and the features therein are lost while handling the data from different kinds of working environments. To date, an automated and a comprehensive validation system, which includes both the cutoff-dependent and –independent evaluation criteria for spatial modelling approaches, has not yet been developed for GIS based methodologies. This study, for the fir…

Performance analysiEnvironmental EngineeringGeospatial analysis010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesComputer scienceSettore GEO/04 - Geografia Fisica E GeomorfologiaComputationGoodness-of-fit010501 environmental sciencescomputer.software_genre01 natural sciencesRobustness (computer science)ValidationEnvironmental ChemistryWaste Management and Disposal0105 earth and related environmental sciencescomputer.programming_languageEnvironmental modellingReceiver operating characteristicSpatial modellingPerformance analysisLandslidePMTPython (programming language)22/4 OA procedurePollutionDrought riskITC-ISI-JOURNAL-ARTICLEData miningPredictive model evaluation frameworkcomputerScience of The Total Environment
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Quantitative characterization of the global electrophilicity power of common diene/dienophile pairs in Diels–Alder reactions

2002

Abstract The global electrophilicity power, ω, of a series of dienes and dienophiles commonly used in Diels–Alder reactions may be conveniently classified within a unique relative scale. Useful information about the polarity of transition state structures expected for a given reaction may be obtained from the difference in the global electrophilicity power, Δω, of the diene/dienophile interacting pair. Thus the polarity of the process can be related with non-polar (Δω small, pericyclic processes) and polar (Δω big, ionic processes) mechanisms.

Pericyclic reactionDienePolarity (physics)ChemistryOrganic ChemistryIonic bondingPhotochemistryBiochemistryCharacterization (materials science)chemistry.chemical_compoundComputational chemistryDrug DiscoveryElectrophileDiels alderDensity functional theoryTetrahedron
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Mixed Circular Convolutions and Zak Transforms

2014

In this chapter the notion of mixed circular convolution is introduced. The polynomial and discrete periodic splines defined on uniform grids are special cases of such convolutions. The so-called Zak transforms provide tools to handle mixed circular convolutions

Periodic functionsymbols.namesakePolynomialPoisson summation formulaMathematical analysissymbolsFourier seriesCharacteristic sequenceCircular convolutionMathematics
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