Search results for "character"

showing 10 items of 2956 documents

Engineering Proteins at Interfaces: From Complementary Characterization to Material Surfaces with Designed Functions

2018

Abstract Once materials come into contact with a biological fluid containing proteins, proteins are generally—whether desired or not—attracted by the material's surface and adsorb onto it. The aim of this Review is to give an overview of the most commonly used characterization methods employed to gain a better understanding of the adsorption processes on either planar or curved surfaces. We continue to illustrate the benefit of combining different methods to different surface geometries of the material. The thus obtained insight ideally paves the way for engineering functional materials that interact with proteins in a predetermined manner.

Surface (mathematics)Protein FoldingMaterials scienceSurface PropertiesengineeringReviewsNanotechnology02 engineering and technologyReview010402 general chemistryProtein Engineering01 natural sciencesCatalysisBiological fluidTheranostic NanomedicineNanomaterialsinterfacesAdsorptionPlanarCharacterization methodscharacterizationnanomaterialsDrug CarriersProteinsGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyprotein adsorption0104 chemical sciencesCharacterization (materials science)NanostructuresProtein Corona0210 nano-technologyProtein adsorptionProtein BindingAngewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
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Surface topography of membrane domains

2010

金沢大学理工研究域数物科学系

Surface (mathematics)Supported lipid bilayerMaterials scienceLipid BilayersBiophysicsNanotechnologyMicroscopy Atomic ForceBiochemistryMembrane LipidsAtomic force microscopyMembrane MicrodomainsAnimalsHumansMesoscopic physicsSphingolipidsAtomic force microscopyLipid microdomainMicroscopic levelMembrane ProteinsBiological membraneCell BiologyLangmuir Blodgett filmCharacterization (materials science)MembraneCholesterolMembrane domainBiochimica et Biophysica Acta - Biomembranes
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Cylindrical surface waveguide modes using a surface impedance dyadic method

1987

The fields and characteristic parameters of nonradiating modes of a dielectric-coated wire with an intervening airgap are derived using a surface impedance dyadic method. This method shows several advantages and provides a straightforward method for working out the characteristic equation, cutoff conditions, far-from-cutoff conditions and field coefficients. Important results about the hybrid nature of these modes are shown, and some of them are common to any cylindrical surface waveguide.

Surface (mathematics)Waveguide (electromagnetism)OnesField (physics)business.industryMathematical analysisGeneral EngineeringCharacteristic equationCutoff frequencyOpticsSurface waveCutoffSurface impedancebusinessMathematics
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Multiscale analysis of range image: its use for growth increment characterization

1999

A new image-processing approach for object analysis in life and earth sciences is presented. This approach is based on a multireso- lution algorithm in image processing. A clamshell surface has been digi- tized using a noncontact optical sensor based on laser triangulation. The 3-D surface obtained constitutes an image that can be characterized by multiresolution analysis. The application of this method to the study of a bivalve shell surface (Unio sp., Recent Atlantic, Holocene) allowed the various growth increments and their potential relationship with environ- mental constraints to be measured. The algorithm used in this paper is based on the wavelet transform theory. © 1999 Society of P…

Surface (mathematics)business.industryComputer scienceMultiresolution analysisGeneral EngineeringWavelet transformImage processingAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsImage (mathematics)Characterization (materials science)Range (mathematics)WaveletComputer visionArtificial intelligencebusinessOptical Engineering
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Electric-field-controlled reversible order-disorder switching of a metal tip surface

2018

While it is well established that elevated temperatures can induce surface roughening of metal surfaces, the effect of a high electric field on the atomic structure at ambient temperature has not been investigated in detail. Here we show with atomic resolution using in situ transmission electron microscopy how intense electric fields induce reversible switching between perfect crystalline and disordered phases of gold surfaces at room temperature. Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations reveal that the mechanism behind the structural change can be attributed to a vanishing energy cost in forming surface defects in high electric fields. Our results demonstrate how surface processes can be d…

Surface (mathematics)crystal structureMaterials sciencePhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)NanophotonicsmetalsFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyPhysical Chemistry7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesAtomic unitslaw.inventionMetallawElectric field0103 physical sciencesMaterials ChemistryGeneral Materials Sciencemetallit010306 general physicsta116roughnessCondensed Matter - Materials Scienceta114TransistorMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)Decoupling (cosmology)Condensed Matter Physics021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyphase transitionsCharacterization (materials science)pintailmiötChemical physicssähkökentätvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_medium0210 nano-technologyPhysical Review Materials
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Surface Reflectance: An Optical Method for Multiscale Curvature Characterization of Wear on Ceramic–Metal Composites

2020

Surface gradient characterization by light reflectance (SGCLR) is used for the first time for multiscale curvature calculations and discrimination of worn surfaces on six damaged ceramic&ndash

Surface (mathematics)wearMaterials scienceSurface gradient02 engineering and technologySurface finishCurvaturelcsh:TechnologyArticle[SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials0203 mechanical engineeringBand-pass filterpeak curvatureGeneral Materials ScienceCeramicComposite materialmetal matrix compositelcsh:Microscopylcsh:QC120-168.85roughnessreflectance transformation imagingmodellcsh:QH201-278.5lcsh:TMetal matrix composite021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCharacterization (materials science)020303 mechanical engineering & transportslcsh:TA1-2040fracturevisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_medium[PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]lcsh:Descriptive and experimental mechanicslcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering0210 nano-technologylcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)lcsh:TK1-9971
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2D dynamical arrest transition in a mixed nanoparticle-phospholipid layer studied in real and momentum spaces

2015

AbstractWe investigate the interfacial dynamics of a 2D self-organized mixed layer made of silica nanoparticles interacting with phospholipid (DPPC) monolayers at the air/water interface. This system has biological relevance, allowing investigation of toxicological effects of nanoparticles on model membranes and lung surfactants. It might also provide bio-inspired technological solutions, exploiting the self-organization of DPPC to produce a non-trivial 2D structuration of nanoparticles. The characterization of interfacial dynamics yields information on the effects of NPs on the mechanical properties, important to improve performances of systems such as colloidosomes, foams, creams. For thi…

Surface PropertiesComputer sciencePhospholipidNanoparticleRELAXATIONCOLLOIDOSOMESRespiratory physiologySurface pressureArticleMomentumchemistry.chemical_compoundPhase (matter)MonolayerParticle SizeSILICA NANOPARTICLESPhospholipidsBrownian motionSimulation[PHYS]Physics [physics]MultidisciplinaryAirRelaxation (NMR)WaterPulmonary SurfactantsModels TheoreticalSilicon DioxideSURFACTANTCharacterization (materials science)MembranechemistryChemical physicsNanoparticlesWater chemistryParticle sizeCOLLOIDAL GLASS-TRANSITIONAlgorithmsScientific Reports
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The Nordic Paradox. Professionals’ Discussions about Gender Equality and Intimate Partner Violence against Women in Sweden

2021

Intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) is a global public health issue often assumed to be associated with gender inequality. The so-called Nordic Paradox, the apparently contradictory co-existence of high levels of IPVAW and of gender equality in Nordic countries, has not been adequately explained. This study explores discussions about how this apparent paradox can be understood among 30 IPVAW professionals working in southern Sweden, through a thematic analysis of focus groups and individual and paired interviews. The analysis highlights complexities of gender (in)equality and its links with IPVAW in Sweden, of relevance for the addressing and prevention of IPVAW.

SwedenGender inequalityGender equalitymedicine.medical_specialtyPublic health050901 criminology05 social sciencesPublic Health Global Health Social Medicine and Epidemiology050109 social psychologyGender studiesprofessionalsNordic ParadoxGender StudiesFolkhälsovetenskap global hälsa socialmedicin och epidemiologimedicinepopulation characteristicsDomestic violence0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesSociologyIntimate partner violence against women0509 other social sciencesLawgender equalityWomen & Criminal Justice
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Baroja como materia de sus libros: para una lectura de <em>El árbol de la ciencia</em> (1911) en clave autobiográfica

2014

The aim of this paper is to analyze the characteristics of Barojian autobiographical literature and to check if there are enough arguments to state that El arbol de la ciencia is Pio Baroja’s most autobiographical novel. For that purpose, and after going over the scholar’s theories about the autobiographical side of Barojian literature, the article focuses on the study of autobiographical characters in El arbol de la ciencia and attempts to place this novel within its «autobiographical space». Lastly, it suggests a possible interpretation of the double value that we attribute to the main character of the novel, Andres Hurtado, as an autobiographical character and as a generational symbol of…

SymbolLiterature and Literary Theorymedia_common.quotation_subjectInterpretation (philosophy)PhilosophyArt historyCharacter (symbol)HumanitiesDouble Valuemedia_commonRevista de literatura
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Molecular markers reflect differentiation of Fusarium oxysporum forma speciales on tomato and forma on eggplant

2013

Selective pressure induces pathogens to change their method of infection and, sometimes, causes species to become infectious. Pathogenic fungi must differentiate different morphological and physiological properties during the process of host specialization in their life cycle. In the present study, we conducted a genetic investigation and compared similarities within a generation of Fusarium oxysporum forma speciales (f. sp.) infecting tomato and forma (f.) infecting eggplants using selected ISSR and RAPD markers, two horticultural commodities belonging to the same taxon of the Solanaceae. Interestingly, genetic data showed that fungi belonging to F. oxysporum f. sp. infecting tomato have a…

Sympatric divergencebiologyEvolving genesfungifood and beveragesGenetic relationshipEggplantbiology.organism_classificationBiochemistryTomatoRAPDTaxonGenetic variationFusarium oxysporumBotanyHost adaptationGenetic characterizationGeneEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsSolanaceaeBiochemical Systematics and Ecology
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