Search results for "characteristics"

showing 10 items of 909 documents

Nonfinancial defined contribution pension schemes: is a survivor dividend necessary to make the system balanced?

2013

The survivor dividend, at a specific age, is the portion of participants’ credited account balances that is distributed on a birth cohort basis from the account balances of participants who do not survive to retirement. This article develops a model to show whether it would be justified to include the survivor dividend in the calculation of affiliate pension balances. The main findings are that the survivor dividend has a strong financial basis which enables the macro contribution rate applied to be the same as the individual credited rate, and that including the survivor dividend in the calculation of the initial pension is not irrelevant because the initial pension could rise by up to 21.…

Economics and EconometricsPensionActuarial scienceLongevity riskTransparency (market)Pay as you gosocial scienceshumanitiesEconomicspopulation characteristicsDividendFinancial equilibriumMacroBirth cohorthuman activitieshealth care economics and organizationsApplied Economics Letters
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Efectos del control del comportamiento en el desempeño del vendedor. La visión del jefe de equipo de ventas

2008

Resumen El control de la fuerza de ventas se ha venido realizando habitualmente en base a los resultados que estos obtienen en el desarrollo de sus actividades. No obstante, la aplicacion del enfoque relacional en el ambito del marketing implica la realizacion de un control sobre el comportamiento del vendedor. El presente articulo analiza este tipo de control y su efecto sobre la profesionalidad y el desempeno de los vendedores desde la vision del jefe de equipo de ventas. Asi, se ha recurrido a los modelos de ecuaciones estructurales, mas especificamente se emplea el PLS a fin de analizar las caracteristicas psicometricas de las escalas y las relaciones entre los conceptos planteados.

Economics and EconometricsVendes Promociócontrol de vendedoressalesperson characteristicsdesempeñoEconomiaprofesionalidadGeneral Business Management and Accountingsalesperson controlDirección de la fuerza de ventasSalesforce managementConsum (Economia)performanceCuadernos de Economía y Dirección de la Empresa
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Calculating Hedonic Price Indices with Unobserved Product Attributes: An Application to the UK Car Market

2006

We show that hedonic price indices that omit model-specific unobservable product attributes are subject to considerable bias. We utilize a complete panel of new car versions marketed in the UK over 1971–98 which incorporates over 100 observable product characteristics, sales weighting to capture the distribution of purchases across models, and model-specific fixed effects to account for unobservable characteristics. We find that quality-adjusted prices obtained from hedonic regressions that do not account for unobservable characteristics exhibit a severe downward bias. We also show that quality-adjusted prices exhibit distinct sub-market differences having increased in ‘mass production’ seg…

Economics and Econometricsbusiness.industryHedonic indexDistribution (economics)Product characteristicsUnobservableWeightingMicroeconomicsPrice indexEconomicsEconometricsProduction (economics)Product (category theory)businessEconomica
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How communities' perceptions of disasters influence disaster response: managing landslides on Mount Elgon, Uganda

2014

The aim of this paper is to assess the role of people's perception in disaster management. It is based on a study carried out along the slopes of Mount Elgon in Eastern Uganda. People living in the study area have experienced a number of landslides, but the landslide in 2010 had the most far-reaching effects on community livelihoods and resulted in a major setback to development efforts in the area. Experiences of landslides have enabled the local people to develop a number of interpretations of the causes and effects of the phenomena. The study revealed that community members did not share uniform perceptions. Whereas some members advanced technical or physical explanations for the 2010 di…

Emergency managementbusiness.industryGeneral Social SciencesHuman factors and ergonomicsPoison controlDisaster PlanningLandslideComputer securitycomputer.software_genreLivelihoodSuicide preventionSetbackDisastersIntervention (law)GeographyResidence CharacteristicsHumansGeneral Earth and Planetary SciencesPerceptionUgandabusinesscomputerEnvironmental planningLandslidesDisasters
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Inequalities in mortality in small areas of eleven Spanish cities (the multicenter MEDEA project)

2009

The objectives of this study are to identify inequalities in mortality among census tracts of 11 Spanish cities in the period 1996-2003 and to analyse the relationship between these geographical inequalities and socioeconomic deprivation. It is a cross-sectional ecological study where the units of analysis are census tracts. We obtained an index of socioeconomic deprivation and estimated SMR by each census tract using hierarchical Bayesian models which take into account the spatial structure. In the majority of the cities geographical patterns in total mortality were found in both sexes, which were similar to those for the index of socioeconomic deprivation. Among men, four specific causes …

EmploymentMaleHealth (social science)InequalityCross-sectional studymedia_common.quotation_subjectGeography Planning and DevelopmentAge DistributionInternational Classification of DiseasesResidence CharacteristicsCause of DeathPoverty AreasHumansRegistriesMortalitySex DistributionSocioeconomic statusSmall-Area Analysismedia_commonCause of deathAnalysis of VariancePrincipal Component AnalysisUrban HealthPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthEcological studyHealth Status DisparitiesCensusCross-Sectional StudiesGeographySocioeconomic FactorsSpainPopulation SurveillanceSmall-Area AnalysisEducational StatusRegression AnalysisFemaleGeographical inequalitiesDemographyHealth & Place
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Persistence of low back pain reporting among a cohort of employees in a metal corporation: A study with 5-, 10-, and 28-year follow-ups

2005

Low back pain (LBP) is a common symptom among adults but little is known about its persistence over time in defined populations. The aim of this study was to examine the persistence of LBP among a cohort of industrial employees studied in four successive surveys during a total of 28 years. Cross-tabulations and logistic regression was used to estimate the interdependence of LBP occurrence at the surveys. At baseline, 54% of the subjects reported local LBP and 25% LBP radiating to the lower limb(s). Persistent or recurrent LBP was common. Of those with LBP at baseline, 75, 73, and 88% reported it also at the 5-, 10- or 28-year follow-up, respectively. Of those with radiating pain, 66, 65, an…

Employmentmedicine.medical_specialtyLogistic regressionRisk AssessmentSeverity of Illness IndexLower limbPersistence (computer science)Cohort StudiesAge DistributionRecurrenceSurveys and Questionnaireshealth services administrationmedicineIndustrySex DistributionProspective cohort studyFinlandPain MeasurementReferred painbusiness.industryIncidencepathological conditions signs and symptomsOdds ratioLow back painnervous system diseasesbody regionsAnesthesiology and Pain MedicineNeurologyMetallurgyCohortPhysical therapypopulation characteristicsNeurology (clinical)medicine.symptombusinessLow Back PainFollow-Up StudiesPain
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Emotional arousal modulates the encoding of crime-related details and corresponding physiological responses in the Concealed Information Test

2011

Previous studies demonstrated that concealed crime-related memories can be validly identified using the Concealed Information Test (CIT). However, its field applicability is still debated, and it is specifically unknown how emotional arousal during a crime would influence CIT results. In the current study, emotional arousal during a mock crime and the time delay between mock crime and CIT examination were manipulated. At the immediate and the delayed CIT occasion, central crime details were better remembered than peripheral ones and enhanced emotional arousal further reduced memory for peripheral information. Electrodermal, respiratory, and cardiovascular responses to central crime details …

Endocrine and Autonomic SystemsCognitive NeuroscienceGeneral NeuroscienceExperimental and Cognitive Psychologysocial sciencesPhysiological responsesArousalDevelopmental psychologyTest (assessment)Neuropsychology and Physiological PsychologyDevelopmental NeuroscienceNeurologymental disorderspopulation characteristicsEmotional arousalPsychologyhuman activitieshealth care economics and organizationsBiological PsychiatryCognitive psychologyPsychophysiology
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A standard-compliant prototype for PV module curve detection

2014

In this paper, a prototype for PV module curve detection which features low cost and size and ensures high accuracy is proposed. The proposed architecture is based on a buck-boost converter in open-loop configuration. The proposed architecture is fully compliant with actual standard IEC60904. The duty-cycle control algorithm and its own effects on system performances are accurately investigated. The comparison of different duty-cycle patterns is carried out and performance evaluation is performed. Simulation results are shown to perform a valuable comparison of control algorithms. Preliminary experimental results on a laboratory prototype are presented.

EngineeringControl algorithmPhotovoltaic I-V characteristicbusiness.industryBuck-boost converterMPPTSettore ING-IND/32 - Convertitori Macchine E Azionamenti ElettriciPV modulePhotovoltaic generatorArchitecturePV module Photovoltaic generator photovoltaic I-V characteristics buck-boost converter MPPT electronic load.businessComputer hardwareSimulationElectronic load
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Corrigendum to “A procedure to calculate the five-parameter model of crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules on the basis of the tabular performance…

2014

Only few manufactures provide the wide set of graphical data that are necessary to use high performance predictive tools for PV systems. On the other hand, reliable graphical data require accurate laboratory measurements that increase manufacturing costs. For this reason PV system designers have to choose between the use of cheap PV modules, lacking in technical data, and the reliable energy predictions that are possible only if the current–voltage characteristics are provided by the PV module manufacturers. This paper describes the procedure to evaluate the parameters of a one-diode equivalent circuit able to accurately epresent the electrical behaviour of a PV panel by means of the minimu…

EngineeringSettore ING-IND/11 - Fisica Tecnica AmbientaleBasis (linear algebra)business.industryMechanical EngineeringPhotovoltaic systemBuilding and ConstructionPhotovoltaic modules Five-parameter model I–V characteristics Solar energyManagement Monitoring Policy and LawEngineering physicsGeneral EnergyElectronic engineeringCrystalline siliconbusinessEnergy (signal processing)Applied Energy
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A procedure to calculate the five-parameter model of crystalline silicon photovoltaic modules on the basis of the tabular performance data

2013

Abstract Only few manufactures provide the wide set of graphical data that are necessary to use high performance predictive tools for PV systems. On the other hand, reliable graphical data require accurate laboratory measurements that increase manufacturing costs. For this reason PV system designers have to choose between the use of cheap PV modules, lacking in technical data, and the reliable energy predictions that are possible only if the current–voltage characteristics are provided by the PV module manufacturers. This paper describes the procedure to evaluate the parameters of a one-diode equivalent circuit able to accurately represent the electrical behaviour of a PV panel by means of …

EngineeringSettore ING-IND/11 - Fisica Tecnica AmbientaleBasis (linear algebra)business.industryMechanical EngineeringReliability (computer networking)Photovoltaic systemBuilding and ConstructionVisual Basic for ApplicationsManagement Monitoring Policy and LawReliability engineeringSet (abstract data type)General EnergyPhotovoltaic modules; Five-parameter model; I–V characteristics; Solar energyEquivalent circuitCrystalline siliconbusinessEnergy (signal processing)Applied Energy
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