Search results for "classical"

showing 10 items of 2294 documents

Accurate expansion of cylindrical paraxial waves for its straightforward implementation in electromagnetic scattering

2017

Abstract The evaluation of vector wave fields can be accurately performed by means of diffraction integrals, differential equations and also series expansions. In this paper, a Bessel series expansion which basis relies on the exact solution of the Helmholtz equation in cylindrical coordinates is theoretically developed for the straightforward yet accurate description of low-numerical-aperture focal waves. The validity of this approach is confirmed by explicit application to Gaussian beams and apertured focused fields in the paraxial regime. Finally we discuss how our procedure can be favorably implemented in scattering problems.

DiffractionHelmholtz equationDifferential equationFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyPhysics - Classical Physics01 natural sciences010309 opticssymbols.namesake020210 optoelectronics & photonicsOptics0103 physical sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringCylindrical coordinate systemSpectroscopyPhysicsRadiationbusiness.industryMathematical analysisParaxial approximationClassical Physics (physics.class-ph)Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsExact solutions in general relativitysymbolsbusinessSeries expansionBessel functionOptics (physics.optics)Physics - Optics
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Devil’s vortex-lenses

2009

In this paper we present a new kind of vortex lenses in which the radial phase distribution is characterized by the "devil's staircase" function. The focusing properties of these fractal DOEs coined Devil's vortex-lenses are analytically studied and the influence of the topological charge is investigated. It is shown that under monochromatic illumination a vortex devil's lens give rise a focal volume containing a delimited chain of vortices that are axially distributed according to the self-similarity of the lens.

DiffractionOptics and PhotonicsLightOptical TweezersAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysicslaw.inventionFractalOpticslawCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityTopological quantum numberPhysicsModels Statisticalbusiness.industryEquipment DesignModels TheoreticalAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsVortexLens (optics)FractalsClassical mechanicsMonochromatic colorAxial symmetrybusinessOptical vortexAlgorithmsOptics Express
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Experimental demonstration of hyperbolic patterns.

2008

We give experimental evidence of hyperbolic patterns in a nonlinear optical resonator. Such transverse patterns are a new kind of 2D dissipative structures, characterized by a distribution of the active modes along hyperbolas in the transverse wave-vector domain, in contrast with the usual (elliptic) patterns where the active modes distribute along rings. The hyperbolic character is realized by manipulating diffraction inside the optical resonator with cylindrical lenses. We also investigate theoretically hyperbolic patterns in corresponding Swift-Hohenberg models.

DiffractionPhysicsTransverse planeResonatorClassical mechanicslawOptical cavityDissipative systemGeneral Physics and AstronomyPattern formationDomain (mathematical analysis)Hyperbolalaw.inventionPhysical review letters
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Diffraction-free beams in thin films

2009

The propagation and transmission of Bessel beams through nano-layered structures has been discussed recently. Within this framework we recognize the formation of unguided diffraction-free waves with the spot size approaching and occasionally surpassing the limit of a wavelength when a Bessel beam of any order n is launched onto a thin material slab with grazing incidence. On the basis of the plane-wave representation of cylindrical waves, a simple model is introduced providing an exact description of the transverse pattern of this type of diffraction-suppressed localized wave. Potential applications in surface science are put forward for consideration. Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MI…

DiffractionWave propagationPhysics::OpticsFOS: Physical sciencesPhysics - Classical PhysicsBesselsymbols.namesakeOpticsLight beamÓpticaPhysicsbusiness.industryBeamsClassical Physics (physics.class-ph)Physical opticsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsWavelengthsymbolsBessel beamComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionbusinessOptical vortexBessel functionDiffraction-freePhysics - OpticsOptics (physics.optics)
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Colossal barocaloric effects in the complex hydride Li$_{2}$B$_{12}$H$_{12}$

2021

Traditional refrigeration technologies based on compression cycles of greenhouse gases pose serious threats to the environment and cannot be downscaled to electronic device dimensions. Solid-state cooling exploits the thermal response of caloric materials to external fields and represents a promising alternative to current refrigeration methods. However, most of the caloric materials known to date present relatively small adiabatic temperature changes ($|\Delta T| \sim 1$ K) and/or limiting irreversibility issues resulting from significant phase-transition hysteresis. Here, we predict the existence of colossal barocaloric effects (isothermal entropy changes of $|\Delta S| \sim 100$ JK$^{-1}…

DiffusionFOS: Physical sciencesThermodynamics02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciences7. Clean energyIsothermal processEntropy (classical thermodynamics)Phase (matter)Adiabatic processPhysicsCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceMultidisciplinary:Física [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC]HydrideMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)Ciència dels materials021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsMatèria condensadaMaterials science0104 chemical sciences3. Good healthHysteresis13. Climate action0210 nano-technologyEnergy (signal processing)
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Inspirations for EO polymer design gained from modeling of chromophore poling by Langevin dynamics

2013

One of the possibilities to create organic molecular material for NLO applications are polymers with dispersed NLO active chromophores. These molecules must be acentrically ordered by applying an external electric poling field. The NLO efficiency depends on dipole moment, molecular hyperpolarizabilities, concentration of the chromophores and external poling field strength. Calculating, from first principles, the extent of the alignment and via this NLO efficiency has proven to be challenging. One approach to solve this problem is pure analytic statistical mechanics treatment, what could be enhanced by Monte Carlo ( MC ) statistical mechanical modelling. The chromophore molecules usually hav…

DipoleClassical mechanicsMaterials scienceChemical physicsPolingMonte Carlo methodField strengthStatistical mechanicsChromophoreLangevin dynamicsForce field (chemistry)SPIE Proceedings
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Symmetrization for singular semilinear elliptic equations

2012

In this paper, we prove some comparison results for the solution to a Dirichlet problem associated with a singular elliptic equation and we study how the summability of such a solution varies depending on the summability of the datum f. © 2012 Fondazione Annali di Matematica Pura ed Applicata and Springer-Verlag.

Dirichlet problemSharp a priori estimatesSemilinear elliptic equationsMathematics::Operator AlgebrasApplied MathematicsMathematical analysisMathematics::Classical Analysis and ODEsMathematics::Analysis of PDEsComparison resultsSymmetrizationGeodetic datumElliptic curveSettore MAT/05 - Analisi MatematicaMathematics::K-Theory and HomologySymmetrizationMathematics
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Uniform rectifiability implies Varopoulos extensions

2020

We construct extensions of Varopolous type for functions $f \in \text{BMO}(E)$, for any uniformly rectifiable set $E$ of codimension one. More precisely, let $\Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^{n+1}$ be an open set satisfying the corkscrew condition, with an $n$-dimensional uniformly rectifiable boundary $\partial \Omega$, and let $\sigma := \mathcal{H}^n\lfloor_{\partial \Omega}$ denote the surface measure on $\partial \Omega$. We show that if $f \in \text{BMO}(\partial \Omega,d\sigma)$ with compact support on $\partial \Omega$, then there exists a smooth function $V$ in $\Omega$ such that $|\nabla V(Y)| \, dY$ is a Carleson measure with Carleson norm controlled by the BMO norm of $f$, and such th…

Dirichlet problemosittaisdifferentiaaliyhtälötPure mathematicsGeneral MathematicsMathematics::Classical Analysis and ODEsepsilon-approximabilityBoundary (topology)Codimensionharmonic measureharmoninen analyysiMeasure (mathematics)uniform rectifiabilityCarleson measureMathematics - Analysis of PDEsMathematics - Classical Analysis and ODEsNorm (mathematics)solvability of the Dirichlet problemClassical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)FOS: MathematicsAlmost everywhereRectifiable setCarleson measure estimateAnalysis of PDEs (math.AP)MathematicsBMO
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Thin and fat sets for doubling measures in metric spaces

2011

We consider sets in uniformly perfect metric spaces which are null for every doubling measure of the space or which have positive measure for all doubling measures. These sets are called thin and fat, respectively. In our main results, we give sufficient conditions for certain cut-out sets being thin or fat.

Discrete mathematics28A12 (Primary) 30L10 (Secondary)General MathematicsInjective metric space010102 general mathematicsNull (mathematics)Space (mathematics)01 natural sciencesMeasure (mathematics)Thin setIntrinsic metric010101 applied mathematicsMetric spaceMathematics - Classical Analysis and ODEsMetric (mathematics)Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)FOS: Mathematics0101 mathematicsMathematics
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A function whose graph has positive doubling measure

2014

We show that a doubling measure on the plane can give positive measure to the graph of a continuous function. This answers a question by Wang, Wen and Wen. Moreover we show that the doubling constant of the measure can be chosen to be arbitrarily close to the doubling constant of the Lebesgue measure.

Discrete mathematics28A12 (Primary) 30L10 (Secondary)Lebesgue measureApplied MathematicsGeneral Mathematicsta111thin setThin setMathematics - Classical Analysis and ODEsfat setdoubling measureClassical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)FOS: MathematicsGraph (abstract data type)Computer Science::DatabasesMathematicsProceedings of the American Mathematical Society
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