Search results for "clines"
showing 10 items of 63 documents
Genomic Analysis of European Drosophila melanogaster Populations Reveals Longitudinal Structure, Continent-Wide Selection, and Previously Unknown DNA…
2020
Genetic variation is the fuel of evolution, with standing genetic variation especially important for short-term evolution and local adaptation. To date, studies of spatiotemporal patterns of genetic variation in natural populations have been challenging, as comprehensive sampling is logistically difficult, and sequencing of entire populations costly. Here, we address these issues using a collaborative approach, sequencing 48 pooled population samples from 32 locations, and perform the first continent-wide genomic analysis of genetic variation in European Drosophila melanogaster. Our analyses uncover longitudinal population structure, provide evidence for continent-wide selective sweeps, ide…
Pharmacogenetics of Metabolic Genes of Anthracyclines in Acute Myeloid Leukemia.
2018
Background Anthracyclines in combination with cytarabine have been the standard therapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) for decades with high efficacy. However, the majority of patients will show initial resistance or will relapse after initial complete remission. Genetic variability in genes involved in anthracyclines metabolic pathway could be one of the causes of the interindividual differences in clinical outcomes. Methods A systematic review of published studies in AML cohorts was carried out in order to analyze the influence of polymorphisms in genes of anthracycline metabolism on efficacy and toxicity. Results Polymorphisms in the main enzymes of anthracyclines metabolism (CBR, AKR,…
Use of Cardioprotective Dexrazoxane Is Associated with Increased Myelotoxicity in Anthracycline-Treated Soft-Tissue Sarcoma Patients
2019
<b><i>Background:</i></b> Dexrazoxane (DEX) is indicated as a cardioprotective agent for breast cancer patients receiving the anthracycline doxorubicin. Two meta-analyses in metastatic breast cancer reported an apparent increase in the severity of myelosuppression when DEX was used. So far, no data in soft-tissue sarcoma (STS) patients are available. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We retrospectively analyzed hematological toxicity data from 133 consecutive STS patients who received a chemotherapy regimen containing an anthracycline and ifosfamide (AI) in the perioperative or metastatic settings between January 2006 and December 2017. Of these, 46 rece…
Postmastectomy Radiation Therapy in Women with T1-T2 Tumors and 1 to 3 Positive Lymph Nodes: Analysis of the Breast International Group 02-98 Trial.
2017
Purpose To analyze the impact of postmastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT) for patients with T1-T2 tumors and 1 to 3 positive lymph nodes enrolled on the Breast International Group (BIG) 02-98 trial. Methods and Materials The BIG 02-98 trial randomized patients to receive adjuvant anthracycline with or without taxane chemotherapy. Delivery of PMRT was nonrandomized and performed according to institutional preferences. The present analysis was performed on participants with T1-T2 breast cancer and 1 to 3 positive lymph nodes who had undergone mastectomy and axillary nodal dissection. The primary objective of the present study was to examine the effect of PMRT on risk of locoregional recurrence…
Neoadjuvant eribulin mesylate following anthracycline and taxane in triple negative breast cancer: Results from the HOPE study
2019
BackgroundEribulin mesylate (E) is indicated for metastatic breast cancer patients previously treated with anthracycline and taxane. We argued that E could also benefit patients eligible for neoadjuvant chemotherapy.MethodsPatients with primary triple negative breast cancer ≥2 cm received doxorubicin 60 mg/m2 and paclitaxel 200 mg/m2 x 4 cycles (AT) followed by E 1.4 mg/m2 x 4 cycles. Primary endpoint was pathological complete response (pCR) rate; secondary and explorative endpoints included clinical/metabolic response rates and safety, and biomarker analysis, respectively. Using a two-stage Simon design, 43 patients were to be included provided that 4 of 13 patients had achieved pCR in the…
Expression profiles of HMGB1 on B-CLL related leukocytes contribute to prediction of relapse.
2020
The High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) is a nuclear protein that is frequently overexpressed in hematologic diseases and might be of relevance in immunogenic cancer control thus correlating with patients' (pts.) prognosis in diseases such as acute myeloid, acute lymphatic and chronic lymphocytic leukemia.Expression profiles of blasts from AML (n = 21), ALL (n = 16) and of B-lymphocytes of CLL (n = 9) pts. were analyzed for surface expression of HMGB1 using flow cytometry. Expression was quantified and correlated with clinically and prognostically relevant markers.Expression profiling of HMGB1 in blasts of AML and ALL subtypes did not show differences between primary vs. secondary disease dev…
Citrus sinensis and Vitis vinifera Protect Cardiomyocytes from Doxorubicin-Induced Oxidative Stress: Evaluation of Onconutraceutical Potential of Veg…
2020
Abstract: The interest towards nutraceuticals able to counteract drug side effects is continuously growing in current chemotherapeutic protocols. In the present study, we demonstrated that smoothies containing mixtures of Citrus sinensis and Vitis vinifera L. cv. Aglianico N, two typical fruits of the Mediterranean diet, possess bioactive polyphenols that protect cardiomyocytes against doxorubicin-induced oxidative stress. The polyphenolic extracts isolated from Citrus sinensis- and Vitis vinifera-based functional smoothies were deeply characterized by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry methods. Subsequently, the functional smoothies and relative mixtures were tested to verify their ab…
Central nervous system involvement at first relapse in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia treated with all-trans retinoic acid and anthracycl…
2009
Background The prevalence of and risk factors for central nervous system recurrence in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia are not well established and remain a controversial matter. Design and Methods Between 1996 and 2005, 739 patients with newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia enrolled in two consecutive trials (PETHEMA LPA96 and LPA99) received induction therapy-with all-trans retinoic acid and idarubicin. Consolidation therapy comprised three courses of anthracycline monochemotherapy (LPA96), with all-trans retinoic acid and reinforced doses of idarubicin in patients with an intermediate or high risk of relapse (LPA99). Central nervous system prophylaxis was not given. Re…
Perspectives for the Treatment of Brucellosis in the 21st Century: The Ioannina Recommendations
2007
Policy Forum. Competing interests: ER has received research grants from Daiichi, Bayer, and Theravance and has served as a consultant to Pfizer, Theravance, Bayer, Wyeth, Rosetta, and BiondVax. Summary Points Brucellosis remains the commonest anthropozoonosis worldwide, and its treatment remains complex, requiring protracted administration of more than one antibiotic. In November 2006, a consensus meeting aimed at reaching a common specialist statement on the treatment of brucellosis was held in Ioannina, Greece under the auspices of the International Society of Chemotherapy and the Institute of Continuing Medical Education of Ioannina. The author panel suggests that the optimal treatment o…
Therapy-Related Myeloid Neoplasms in Patients With Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Treated With All-Trans-Retinoic Acid and Anthracycline-Based Chemothe…
2010
Purpose We analyzed the incidence, risk factors, and outcome of therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MNs) in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) in first complete remission (CR). Patients and Methods From 1996 to 2008, 1,025 patients with APL were enrolled onto three sequential trials (LPA96, LPA99, and LPA2005) of the Programa Español para el Tratamiento de Enfermedades Hematológicas and received induction and consolidation therapy with all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) and anthracycline-based chemotherapy. Results Seventeen of 918 patients who achieved CR developed t-MN (10 with < 20% and seven with ≥ 20% of bone marrow blasts) after a median of 43 months from CR. Partial and…