Search results for "clone"
showing 10 items of 312 documents
A tyrosinase nonapeptide presented by HLA-B44 is recognized on a human melanoma by autologous cytolytic T lymphocytes
1996
The human tyrosinase gene has been reported previously to code for two distinct antigens recognized on HLA-A2 melanoma cells by autologous cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL). By stimulating lymphocytes of melanoma patient MZ2 with a subclone of the tumor cell line of this patient, we obtained a CTL clone that lysed this subclone but did not lyse other subcloncs of the Same melanoma cell line. The sensitive melanoma subclone was found to express a much higher level of tyrosinase than the others, suggesting that the antigen recognized bv the CTL might be encoded by tyrosinase. Transfection of a tyrosinase cDNA demonstrated that the CTL clone indeed recognized a tyrosinase product presented by HLA-…
Methodology for the estimation of the increase in time loss due to future increase in tropical cyclone intensity in Japan
2009
Published version of an article from the journal: Climatic Change. The original publication is available at Spingerlink. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-009-9725-9 The present paper develops a methodology for estimating the risks and consequences of possible future increases in tropical cyclone intensities that would allow policy makers to relatively quickly evaluate the cost of different mitigation strategies. The methodology simulates future tropical cyclones by modifying the intensity of historical tropical cyclones between the years 1978 and 2007. It then uses a Monte Carlo Simulation to obtain the expected number of hours that a certain area can expect to be affected by winds of a giv…
Regionalizing rainfall at very high resolution over la Réunion island using a regional climate model.
2014
Abstract Regional climate models (RCMs) should be evaluated with respect to their ability to downscale large-scale climate information to the local scales, which are sometimes strongly modulated by surface conditions. This is the case for La Réunion (southwest Indian Ocean) because of its island context and its complex topography. Large-scale atmospheric configurations such as tropical cyclones (TCs) may have an amplifying effect on local rainfall patterns that only a very high-resolution RCM, forced by the large scales and resolving finescale processes, may simulate properly. This paper documents the capability of the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF) RCM to regionalize rainfall…
Spread of tomato yellow leaf curl virus in Sicily: partial displacement of another geminivirus originally present.
2006
The geminivirus Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) was reported for the first time in Italy in 2002. We have followed its spread in Sicily, where Tomato yellow leaf curl Sardinia virus (TYLCSV), another tomato-infecting geminivirus, is endemic and has been causing severe crop losses since 1989. The presence of the two viruses was monitored in the main tomato growing area, the Ragusa province, analyzing samples with yellow leaf curling symptoms. At first (spring-summer 2002) both viruses were always found in mixed infections, but in 2003 and 2004 18-35% of plants were found infected by TYLCV alone and 8-28% by TYLCSV alone, with 41-69% carrying both viruses. TYLCV has spread quickly in th…
Oxygenation Status of Rhabdomyosarcoma Spheroids with Different Stages of Differentiation
1994
Multicellular tumor spheroids with regional heterogeneities of proliferation and substrate concentrations have been investigated recently to study the biological properties of small tumor nodules prior to onset of vascularization (for reviews see: Mueller-Klieser, 1987; Sutherland, 1988).
Recurrent daily rainfall patterns over South Africa and associated dynamics during the core of the austral summer
2010
This paper investigates the influence of some modes of climate variability on the spatio-temporal rainfall variability over South Africa during the core of the rainy season, December to February (DJF). All analyses are based directly on the rainfall field instead of atmospheric processes and dynamics. An original agglomerative hierarchical clustering approach is used to classify daily rainfall patterns recorded at 5352 stations from DJF 1971 to DJF 1999. Five clusters are retained for analysis. Amongst them, one cluster looks most like the rainfall and circulation mean picture. Another one, representing 37% of the days, describes strong negative rainfall anomalies over South Africa resultin…
The East African March–May Rainy Season: Associated Atmospheric Dynamics and Predictability over the 1968–97 Period
2002
Abstract This paper focuses on the East African March–May “long rains.” Particularly, it investigates the atmospheric patterns associated to the March–May rainfall anomalies, then proposes a seasonal prediction model. In a preliminary step, in order to define a regional rainfall index, a new form of extended principal component analysis is performed, aimed at capturing both the spatial and intraseasonal rainfall coherence. What emerges is that although the long rains exhibit a low temporal coherence, calling for a separation between the months of March–April and May in teleconnection studies, they show a relatively strong spatial consistency over the Kenya–Uganda inland region. From composi…
Distinct Clones of Yersinia pestis Caused the Black Death
2010
From AD 1347 to AD 1353, the Black Death killed tens of millions of people in Europe, leaving misery and devastation in its wake, with successive epidemics ravaging the continent until the 18th century. The etiology of this disease has remained highly controversial, ranging from claims based on genetics and the historical descriptions of symptoms that it was caused by Yersinia pestis to conclusions that it must have been caused by other pathogens. It has also been disputed whether plague had the same etiology in northern and southern Europe. Here we identified DNA and protein signatures specific for Y. pestis in human skeletons from mass graves in northern, central and southern Europe that …
Zaleplon displays a selectivity to recombinant GABAA receptors different from zolipdem, zopiclone and benzodiazepines
1999
A chemically heterogeneous group of compounds acts at the benzodiazepine (BZ) recognition site of the γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptor complex. Whereas most 1,4-BZs recognize all GABAA/BZ receptors with similar affinity, other compounds differentiate between the large number of native GABAA receptors which assemble from the more than 14 known subunits. Here we describe the in vitro binding properties of the BZs lorazepam and Ro 15-4513 plus the three hypnotics zaleplon, zolpidem and zopiclone to eight receptors subtypes. Lorazepam fits well into the general shceme for other 1,4-BZs with respect to its receptor subtype selectivity in spite of its clinically different use. Zaleplon…
Variabilité intra-saisonnière et multi-décennale de la téléconnexion entre les pressions de surface (100°W–50°E ; 30°–70°N) et les ENSO/LNSO (1873–19…
2000
Abstract The relationships between an index of the NINO3.4 region and the wintertime sea level pressure (hereafter SLP) anomalies on the extratropical North Atlantic and the bordering areas (100°W–50°E; 30°–70°N) are studied for 1873–1996. This study emphasizes the need of a careful pooling of months and the multi-decadal variability of the ENSO/LNSO influence on the extratropical North Atlantic. We calculate the mean monthly climate anomalies for the 20 warmest and the 20 coldest NINO3.4 (170°–120°W; 5°N–5°S) years from October to March. The composite of SLP anomalies for the 20 warmest NINO3.4 years shows an anomalous trough centered near 30°W in November–December, and positive (respectiv…