Search results for "cochlea"
showing 10 items of 135 documents
Current trends on subtotal petrosectomy with cochlear implantation in recalcitrant chronic middle ear disorders
2023
Objective. To establish the safety and effectiveness of subtotal petrosectomy with cochlear implantation in patients affected by chronic middle ear disorders to refractory to previous surgical treatments. Methods. A multicentre, retrospective study was conducted on patients affected by recalcitrant chronic middle ear disorders who underwent cochlear implantation in combi-nation with subtotal petrosectomy. Patients’ details were collected from databases of 11 Italian tertiary referral centres. Additionally, a review of the most updated literature was carried out. Results. 55 patients were included with a mean follow-up time of 44 months. Cholestea-toma was the most common middle ear recurren…
Distortion product otoacoustic emissions in healthy newborns: normative data.
1995
Distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) offer an alternative to transiently evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE) as an audiological test. The former can be used as a screening technique, and may also provide frequency-specific information about the functional state of the cochlea. We recorded DPOAE in a group of healthy newborns to establish the Characteristics of a DPOAE “audiogram” (DP-gram) in this population. The DP-gram can be obtained with characteristics quite similar to those observed in adults, with two sharp peaks of maximum amplitude at F2 frequencies of 2 kHz and 5-6 kHz, and a decline in DPOAE amplitude in mid frequencies. The results confirm the limitations of DPOAE r…
Echolocating Whales and Bats Express the Motor Protein Prestin in the Inner Ear: A Potential Marker for Hearing Loss.
2020
Prestin is an integral membrane motor protein located in outer hair cells of the mammalian cochlea. It is responsible for electromotility and required for cochlear amplification. Although prestin works in a cycle-by-cycle mode up to frequencies of at least 79 kHz, it is not known whether or not prestin is required for the extreme high frequencies used by echolocating species. Cetaceans are known to possess a prestin coding gene. However, the expression and distribution pattern of the protein in the cetacean cochlea has not been determined, and the contribution of prestin to echolocation has not yet been resolved. Here we report the expression of the protein prestin in five species of echolo…
Distribution and projections of nitric oxide synthase neurons in the rodent superior olivary complex.
2000
The superior olivary complex (SOC), a group of interrelated brainstem nuclei, sends efferents to a variety of neuronal structures including the cochlea and the inferior colliculus. The present review describes data obtained from rodents providing evidence that the gaseous, short-living neuroactive substance nitric oxide (NO) is produced in the SOC. The NO-synthesizing enzyme neuronal NO-synthase (nNOS) has been localized by means of several methods including histochemistry and immunohistochemistry. Perikarya containing nNOS were found in several nuclei of the SOC. Their largest numbers and percentages of total cells were observed in the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body. Stained terminal…
"Ois kiva et se kattois mua ja puhuis" : cochlear implanted learners' experiences of learning English as a foreign language, a case study
2015
Sisäkorvaistutteen (SI) saaneiden lasten määrä kasvaa jatkuvasti ja monet heistä opiskelevat yhtä tai jopa useampaa vierasta kieltä, yleisimmin englantia. Meillä on käsissämme ensimmäinen sukupolvi lapsia ja nuoria, jotka on implantoitu nuorena ja jotka ovat opiskelleet vieraita kieliä SI:n kanssa. Tietooni ei ole tullut, että vieraiden kielten oppimista SI:n kanssa olisi Suomessa vielä tutkittu, joten tämä tutkimus on ainakin ensimmäisten joukossa selvittämässä SI-lasten ja -nuorten kokemuksia englanninoppimisesta. Tutkimukseen osallistui kuusi 10 – 17-vuotiasta sisäkorvaistutteen saanutta lasta. Heitä haastateltiin ja haastattelut analysoitiin sisällönanalyysin keinoin. Tulokset osoittiva…
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN OBSTRUCTIVE APNEA SYNDROME DURING SLEEP AND DAMAGES TO ANTERIOR LABYRINTH: OUR EXPERIENCE.
2019
The obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is a chronic condition characterized by frequent episodes of collapse of the upper airways during sleep. It can be considered a multisystem disease. Among the districts involved, even the auditory system was seen to be concerned. It was enrolled a population of 20 patients after polysomnographic diagnosis of OSAS (Apnea Hypopnea Index > 10) and a control group of 28 healthy persons (Apnea Hypopnea Index < 5). Each patient has been subjected to Pure Tone Audiometry, Tympanometry, study of Acoustic Reflex, Otoacoustic Emissions and Auditory Brainstem Response. Moreover they were submitted to endoscopy of upper airway with Muller Maneuver and Epworth Sleepi…
Verbesserte Auswertbarkeit transitorisch evozierter otoakustischer Emissionen durch Korrelationsfilterung
1993
Hearing screening as well as evaluation of cochlear function under therapy with ototoxic agents or patients with various diseases is increasingly done by registration of transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE). Usually the standard system ILO 88 Otodynamic Analyser is used, where until now emissions were analyzed subjectively. However, evaluation of signals may be difficult mainly in the hearing threshold area. In this article we describe a method to mathematically analyze registered emissions by correlation-filtering. This allows to better identify small specific responses, to further increase the sensitivity of TEOAE, and offers a more objective means for audiologic diagnoses.
[Paediatric cochlear implantation in the critical period of the auditory pathway, our experience].
2009
Numerous experimental and clinical studies have suggested a critical or sensitive period in which the auditory pathway develops its greatest potential in terms of plasticity and learning. Early cochlear implantation performed in prelingual deaf children in this period provides a better prognosis for language acquisition. The aim of this study is to show the importance of cochlear implantation before this critical period ends.We conducted an observational, longitudinal, retrospective study of 57 children suffering profound prelingual bilateral sensorineural hearing loss who had received Advanced Bionics implants at our ENT department between June, 1998, and November, 2006. Data on their audi…
Ultrastructural evidence for protection of the outer hair cells of the inner ear during intense noise exposure by application of the organic calcium …
1999
Outer hair cells could be protected during intense noise exposure by the application of the calcium channel blocker diltiazem given before and after noise treatment. After various experimental approaches, the ultrastructural morphology was analysed for the different animal populations in the basal part of the second turn of the cochlea, which was the most destroyed area after an acute noise trauma caused by a gun shot (sound pressure at the ear drum 156 dB, frequency maximum between 4 and 6 kHz). Compared to untreated control specimens (experimental animal group I), the outer hair cells in the basal part of the second turn of the cochlea were mostly destroyed without any diltiazem applicati…
Clinical and logopaedic results of simultaneous and sequential bilateral implants in children with severe and/or profound bilateral sensorineural hea…
2015
This article carries out a literature review of the advantages and limitations of the simultaneous bilateral cochlear implantation (SCI) compared to those of the sequential bilateral cochlear implantation (SBCI) and the unilateral cochlear implantation (UCI). The variables analysed in said comparison are: safety and surgical technique, SCI incidence, effectiveness, impact of the inter-implant interval, costs and financing, impact on brain plasticity, impact on speech and language development, main benefits, main disadvantages and concerns, and predictive factors of prognosis. Although the results are not conclusive, all variables analysed seem to point towards observable benefits of SCI in …