Search results for "colonisation"
showing 10 items of 87 documents
Variable mycorrhizal benefits on the reproductive output ofGeranium sylvaticum, with special emphasis on the intermediate phenotype
2012
In several gynodioecious species, intermediate sex between female and hermaphrodite has been reported, but few studies have investigated fitness parameters of this intermediate phenotype. Here, we examined the interactions between plant sex and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal species affecting the reproductive output of Geranium sylvaticum, a sexually polymorphic plant species with frequent intermediate sexes between females and hermaphrodites, using a common garden experiment. Flowering phenology, AM colonisation levels and several plant vegetative and reproductive parameters, including seed and pollen production, were measured. Differences among sexes were detected in flowering, fruit …
Interactions between willows and insect herbivores under enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation
2002
We studied the effects of elevated ultraviolet-B radiation on interactions between insect herbivores and their host plants by exposing two species of phytochemically different willows, Salix myrsinifolia and S. phylicifolia, to a modulated increase in ultraviolet radiation in an outdoor experiment and monitoring the colonisation of insect herbivores on these willows. We examined the effect of increased ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation on (1) the quality of willow leaves, (2) the distribution and abundance of insect herbivores feeding on these willows, (3) the resulting amount of damage, and (4) the performance of insect larvae feeding on the exposed plant tissue. Six clones of each of the two…
La dialectique nationalité/citoyenneté : le cas de l’Algérie (XIXe – XXe)
2019
National audience; Les colonisés étaient-ils pleinement Français ? Pleinement citoyens ? Les réponses diffèrent selon les disciplines. En effet, un juriste déclarera impossible de considérer la nationalité par degré : une personne est nationale, étrangère ou apatride. Les colonisés sont tous des nationaux français, il n’y a pas d’alternative. En revanche, un politiste pourra légitimement affirmer que la nationalité des colonisés, en particulier celle des indigènes car ils ne sont pas soumis au Code civil, n’est pas pleine et entière. Sur la notion de citoyen, les disciplines convergent pour déduire du statut des colonisés une discrimination patente débouchant sur des degrés de citoyenneté. …
Characterization of a new, nonpathogenic mutant of Botrytis cinerea with impaired plant colonization capacity.
2006
International audience; Botrytis cinerea is a necrotrophic pathogen that attacks more than 200 plant species.Here, the nonpathogenic mutant A336, obtained via insertional mutagenesis, was characterized.Mutant A336 was nonpathogenic on leaves and fruits, on intact and wounded tissue, while still able to penetrate the host plant. It grew normally in vitro on rich media but its conidiation pattern was altered. The mutant did not produce oxalic acid and exhibited a modified regulation of the production of some secreted proteins (acid protease 1 and endopolygalacturonase 1). Culture filtrates of the mutant triggered an important oxidative burst in grapevine ( Vitis vinifera ) suspension cells, a…
Nascita, evoluzione e prospettive di due insediamenti rurali di colonizzazione: Borgo Carso e La Bazana
2020
In Italy and Spain, under the colonisation policies of the 20th century, different villages were built as a strategic effort to improve rural areas. Overtime such villages have been subject to external and internal drivers of change with direct and indirect effects on its socio-economic, cultural, physical and environmental context. In the face of such challenges and due to the need to adapt to new requirements, activities, and functions, the design ideas that initially steered the development of the villages suffered several shifts. Thus, existing villages of colonisation in Italy and Spain hold valuable information to achieve a better understanding of spatial transformations, expansion pr…
The Greeks in the West: genetic signatures of the Hellenic colonisation in southern Italy and Sicily
2015
Greek colonisation of South Italy and Sicily (Magna Graecia) was a defining event in European cultural history, although the demographic processes and genetic impacts involved have not been systematically investigated. Here, we combine high-resolution surveys of the variability at the uni-parentally inherited Y chromosome and mitochondrial DNA in selected samples of putative source and recipient populations with forward-in-time simulations of alternative demographic models to detect signatures of that impact. Using a subset of haplotypes chosen to represent historical sources, we recover a clear signature of Greek ancestry in East Sicily compatible with the settlement from Euboea during the…
Lung-worms (Nematoda: Pseudaliidae) of harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) in Norwegian waters: patterns of colonization
1994
SUMMARYWe studied the component community of lung-worms of the harbour porpoise, attempting to establish the relative importance of ecological and evolutionary factors on its development. The lungs of 64 porpoises by-caught in Norwegian waters were examined for helminths. Three pseudaliid species were detected. The porpoises appear to be readily colonized by lung-worms, the structure of the component community of calves being fairly similar to that of the remainder. Prenatal and/or transmammary infections might partly account for these early infections. However, host age was correlated with the number of lung-worm species, suggesting that the lung-worms may have heteroxenous cycles similar …
Detecting the T1 cattle haplogroup in the Iberian Peninsula from Neolithic to medieval times: new clues to continuous cattle migration through time
2015
Abstract The spread of domestic animals through time is one of the topics studied by archaeologists to assess human trade and migration. Here we present mitochondrial analysis of 42 archaeological cattle ( Bos taurus ) bone samples, from 16 different sites in the Iberian Peninsula and covering a broad timeframe (from the early Neolithic to the Middle Ages), to provide evidence about the origin and dispersion of the T1 cattle haplogroup in relation to human contacts and movements. The presence of the T1 haplotype in one sample from an early Neolithic site close to the Mediterranean coast of Iberia, and its continuing presence in the Peninsula during Roman and Medieval times, clearly demonstr…
Structural analysis of woody species in Mediterranean old fields.
2008
The first part of this study provides an overview on Sicilian olive systems. Subsequently, the study describes the different typologies of cultivated agroforestry systems present in South-Eastern Sicily employing olive trees in association with other Mediterranean tree species, in particular for the production of firewood, coal and animal food (downy or pubescent oak, holm oak, cork oak), but also in association with forage or grazing species (oat, barley, vetch, etc.) or cereals. The study shows that Sicilian agroforestry systems are much more diversified than it was known so far. In the second part, the study describes the spontaneous colonization processes by plants, observed in abandone…
Historicising Cultural Sport Psychology : Dare we De-centre Methodological Eurocentrism?
2021
In this essay we critically reflect on our respective journeys to and within cultural sport psychology (CSP). Since the inception, CSP scholars have advocated for opening the privileged academic space for marginalised voices and omitted subject themes; as well as cautioned researchers that the CSP project itself needs to be constantly revisited and reworked to keep it in progressive flux. We argue that, despite some notable advances, CSP remains a predominantly white Anglo-American intellec-tual space and that previous calls to engage with issues of power and privilege in the prevailing knowledge production have been largely unanswered. The lack of diverse voices within the CSP community ma…